Betulin
Betulin is an extract from bark of the white birch tree, which has been known since the 18th century and is chemically defined. Betulin was discovered by German-Russian chemist Johann Tobias Lowitz. He was the first scientist to study and characterise betulin, and in doing was one of the first to isolate an active plant ingredient. Betulin is a substance of pure plant origin that gives the birch bark its typical white colour. Betulin protects birch trees from environmental effects, such as extreme temperatures, pest infestations and solar radiation.
Betulin Basic information
- Product Name:
- Betulin
- Synonyms:
-
- Lup-20(29)-ene-3,28-diol, (3β)-
- Betuline
- BETULIN(P)
- betula camphor
- BETULIN hplc
- Betulin,Betulinol,Betulol,Betulenol
- 3b,28-Dihydroxylup-20(29)-ene
- Betulinic alcohol
- CAS:
- 473-98-3
- MF:
- C30H50O2
- MW:
- 442.72
- EINECS:
- 207-475-5
- Product Categories:
-
- Triterpenoids
- Tri-Terpenoids
- Pentacyclic Triterpenes
- chemical reagent
- pharmaceutical intermediate
- natural product
- phytochemical
- reference standards from Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM).
- standardized herbal extract
- 473-98-3
- Mol File:
- 473-98-3.mol
Betulin Chemical Properties
- Melting point:
- 256-257 °C(lit.)
- Boiling point:
- 493.26°C (rough estimate)
- alpha
- D15 +20° (c = 2 in pyridine)
- Density
- 0.9882 (rough estimate)
- refractive index
- 1.5045 (estimate)
- storage temp.
- 2-8°C
- solubility
- Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly, Heated)
- form
- Off-white powder
- pka
- 15.10±0.10(Predicted)
- color
- Pale Brown to Beige
- optical activity
- +2015 (c 6, pyridine)
- Merck
- 14,1189
- Stability:
- Hygroscopic
- InChIKey
- FVWJYYTZTCVBKE-ROUWMTJPSA-N
- LogP
- 8.607 (est)
- CAS DataBase Reference
- 473-98-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NIST Chemistry Reference
- Betulin(473-98-3)
Safety Information
- Hazard Codes
- Xn,Xi
- Risk Statements
- 36/37/38-20/21/22-68/20/21/22-68
- Safety Statements
- 36/37-36-26
- WGK Germany
- 3
- RTECS
- OK5755000
- HS Code
- 29181985
MSDS
- Language:English Provider:Betulin
- Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
Betulin Usage And Synthesis
Extract
Betulin is an extract from bark of the white birch tree, which has been known since the 18th century and is chemically defined. Betulin was discovered by German-Russian chemist Johann Tobias Lowitz. He was the first scientist to study and characterise betulin, and in doing was one of the first to isolate an active plant ingredient.
Betulin is a substance of pure plant origin that gives the birch bark its typical white colour. Betulin protects birch trees from environmental effects, such as extreme temperatures, pest infestations and solar radiation.
Physical and Chemical Properties
It is white crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol, chloroform and benzene, slightly soluble in cold water, petroleum ether.
Extraction method
Currently Betulin is obtained mainly through direct extraction, and mainly by solvent reflux extraction and recrystallization purification
Specifically:
1. Extract betulin from ethanol solution. After heating reflux about 5h, the extract is vacuum distillated and recrystallized with ethanol for 2 to 3 times with ethanol to obtain crude product of betulin.
2. The crude product was recrystallized from methanol/chloroform (1: 1) (every 80g crude product requires 300mL methanol/chloroform solution).The mixture is allowed to stand overnight and then suction filtered to obtain white needle-like betulin.
3. Ultrasonic treatment for 20min when refluxing is carried out, and the extraction yield and product purity of betulin can be improved through the destruction of bark organization.
4. The optimum conditions of supercritical CO2 fluid extraction are as follows: the amount of modifier was 115mL/(g birch bark powder); extraction pressure is 20MPa; extraction temperature was 55 ℃; liquid CO2 flow rate was 10kg/h.
Identification method
HPLC conditions for betulin:
Isolated Constituent: Betulin(10μl sample injection)
Column Stationary Phase: C18(150×2)mm 5μ
Column Mobile phase: Acetonitrile/water =30:70
Flow rate (ml/min);0.2Detection Wavelength (nm):270
Column Temperature:30℃
Physiological functions
- Betulin and its derivatives as biological agents has shown great potential in the treatment of HIV and cancer by interfering with the post-life cycle of the virus, which is related to the entry as well as growth and maturing of virus.
- As an effective anti-tumor drug, it can directly cause certain types of tumor cells to start self-destruction of the apoptosis program, and can slow down the growth of several types of tumor cells.
- It can reduce dietary induced obesity, reduce lipid content in serum and tissue and improve insulin sensitivity.
- It has mild anti-inflammatory properties at higher concentrations, and its anti-inflammatory properties are largely due to inhibition of non-neural gene pathways.
- Betulin in the body can inhibit the maturation of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SBERPs), thereby reducing the biosynthesis of cholesterol and fatty acid.
- In addition, with its anti-inflammatory, anti-virus effect and functions of inhibiting protein dissolution in the hair fiber, improving the luster of damaged hair and promoting hair growth and other activities, it can be used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.
Storage
Cool and dry, kept from light and temperature.
References
http://www.imlan.de/en/infothek/what-is-betulin.html
Description
Sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-
Chemical Properties
crystals
Uses
antineoplastic, antihyperlipidemia
Uses
birch bark extract is described as having anti-irritant and antiseptic properties, and effective in acne treatment. It is used to make sunburn products, soothing lotions, and aftershaves. The oil is astringent and is mainly used for its curative effects, especially in cases of acne and eczema. In folkloric medicine, birch bark extract was considered good for bathing skin eruptions. Destructive distillation of the bark’s white epidermis yields an empyreumatic oil known as oil of birch tar, Oleum rusci, or dagget. This is a thick, bituminous, brownish-black liquid with a pungent, balsamic odor. It contains a high percentage of methylsalicilate, creosol, and guaiacol and is almost identical to wintergreen oil.
Uses
Betulin may be used in the preparation of betulinic acid, which shows anti-HIV, antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activities.
Definition
ChEBI: A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents.
General Description
A cell-permeable pentacyclic triterpenoid from birch bark extract that interacts with SCAP (SREBP cleavage activating protein) and prevents SREBP (sterol regulatory element-binding protein) Golgi proteolytic activation (1 to 13.55 μM in Rat hepatocytes CRL-1601) via a similar mechanism as oxysterols by inducing the association of SCAP with Insig-1 (insulin-induced gene-1), thereby causing SCAP-SREBPs complex ER retention. Unlike oxysterols, Betulin does not activate LXR to induce concomitant HMGCR (HMG-CoA reductase) degradation and SREBP-1 up-regulation. While both Betulin and HMGCR inhibitor Lovastatin (Cat. No. 438185) inhibit cellular cholesterol synthesis (by ~70% in CRL-1601 cultures with respective compound at 13.55 and 1 μM concentration), only Betulin suppresses cellular fatty acid synthesis (by ~55% at 13.55 μM in CRL-1601). Betulin is shown to exhibit comparable in vivo efficacy as Lovastatin (both dosed at 30 mg/kg/day with chow) in ameliorate high fat/cholesterol diet-induced obesity (% fat/lean tissue ratio increase from non-fat diet mice = 167, 44, and 33 in mice consuming fat diet alone, with Lovastatin, with Betulin, respectively). However, only Betulin is demonstrated to lower fasting blood glucose and insulin levels and reduce fat cell size in white adipose tissue in high fat diet mice. Fatostatin (Cat. No. 341329) in comparison does not target SCAP via sterol-binding site, nor does it induce SCAP binding to Insig-1.
Anticancer Research
In addition, triterpenoids (betulin and its derivatives) isolated from HSSEactivated the signaling pathway regulated by p53 family genes, leading to the inhibition of BC cell viability or even the induction of apoptosis. And also, theseresearchers found that all the triterpenoids had no effect on normal breast cells.These findings provide an important basis for the use of those triterpenoids in thedevelopment of alternative therapies for breast cancer treatment (Hsu et al. 2015).
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CAS:473-98-3
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Betulin(473-98-3)Related Product Information
- Betulinic acid
- Bengenin
- Resveratrol
- Rhynchophylline
- Lupeol
- ASTRAGALUS P.E.
- Betulin-3-acetate,Betulin monoacetate
- Erythrodiol
- BETULIN DIACETATE(RG),BETULIN DIACETATE
- BETULINIC ACID METHYL ESTER
- 3BETA-ACETOXYBETULINIC ACID
- Betulin
- 3-epi-Betulin
- LUPANE
- betulin-(28)-5'-(aziridin-1-yl)-2',4'-dinitrobenzoate
- LUP-20(29)-EN-3,28-DIOL (BETULIN)
- betulin-(28)-5'-nitro-2'-furoate
- BETULIN(RG)