Potassium oxide Chemical Properties

Melting point:

decomposes at 350℃ [HAW93]

Boiling point:

691.46℃[at 101 325 Pa]

Density 

2.350

vapor pressure 

0Pa at 25℃

solubility 

soluble in H2O, ethanol, ethyl ether

form 

gray cubic crystals

color 

gray cubic crystals, crystalline

Water Solubility 

soluble H2O, forming KOH; soluble alcohol and ether [HAW93]

Crystal Structure

Reverse CaF2 type

crystal system

Cube

Space group

Fm3m

Lattice constant

a/nm	b/nm	c/nm	α/o	β/o	γ/o	V/nm3
0.6447	0.6447	0.6447	90	90	90	0.268

LogP

-5.08 at 25℃

CAS DataBase Reference

12136-45-7

EPA Substance Registry System

Potassium oxide (12136-45-7)

Safety Information

RIDADR 

2033

HazardClass 

8

PackingGroup 

II

Potassium oxide Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

gray crystal(s) mass; hygroscopic [CRC10] [HAW93]

Uses

Potassium oxide is a strong alkaline flux which is similar to sodium oxide but is slightly less strong and it begins its fluxing action earlier than does sodium oxide, at approximately 1382°F (750°C). It's a predictable, stable flux that produces bright glossy glazes, but it can't be used alone as a flux. Potassium produces slightly stronger glaze surfaces than does sodium oxide. Its low viscosity and surface tension create fluid glaze melts, but its high coefficient of expansion and contraction may cause crazing.
As mentioned above, potassium oxide is often found combined with sodium oxide, so it's often written as KNaO. lt's only slightly volatile at ceramic temperatures and is just slightly soluble.Usually used in its insoluble forms as feldspars or slightly soluble frits, potassium oxide can also be introduced to the glaze recipe as soluble pearl ash (potassium carbonate), which can cause some flashing like sodium carbonate.
Insoluble sources of potassium oxide are potash feldspars such as Custer, G-200, K-200, A-3, Kona F-4(Del Monte), Cornwall stone, Plastic Vitrox, volcanic ash, Kona A-1, Bell, Eureka, A-300, and mica. All soda feldspars have some potassium oxide; frits P-25, 3110, and 3124 contain minor amounts. Soluble forms of potassium oxide include pearl ash(K2CO3), potassium nitrate (saltpeter), and unwashed wood ash.

Definition

An ionic solid that is white when cold and yellow when hot. It is prepared by heating potassium with potassium nitrate. Potassium monoxide dissolves violently in water to form potassium hydroxide solution. The hydrate K₂O.3H₂O is known. Potassium monoxide dissolves in liquid ammonia with the formation of potassium hydroxide and potassamide (KNH₂).

Definition

potassium monoxide: A grey crystallinesolid, K₂O; cubic; r.d. 2.32; decompositionoccurs at 350°C. It maybe prepared by the oxidation ofpotassium metal with potassium nitrate.It reacts with ethanol to formpotassium ethoxide (KOC₂H₅), andwith liquid ammonia to form potassiumhydroxide and potassamide(KNH₂).

Definition

ChEBI: A metal oxide with formula K2O.

General Description

A white-colored crystalline solid. Denser than water. Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. Used to make other chemicals.

Air & Water Reactions

Soluble in water. The oxides of potassium react with water vigorously and with enough evolution of heat to cause boiling and spattering of hot caustic solution, [Chemical Safety Data Sheets SD-9, SD-10. 1947]. Reacts with warm water with violent explosion [Thorpe and Tlitton J. Chem. Soc. 59:1019: 1891].

Reactivity Profile

The higher oxides of potassium, formed in air, react explosively with pure potassium, sodium, sodium-potassium alloys, and organic matter [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1559. 1963].

Health Hazard

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

Flammability and Explosibility

Non flammable

Potassium oxide(12136-45-7)Related Product Information

• Sodium oxide
• Magnesium oxide
• Phosphorus pentoxide
• Potassium sulfate
• Ferrous chloride
• Potassium bicarbonate
• Silicon monoxide
• Zinc hydroxide
• ALLYL VINYL ETHER
• POTASSIUM STANNATE TRIHYDRATE
• POTASSIUM DEUTEROXIDE
• Potassium hydroxide solution
• Potassium hydroxide
• Potassium borate
• Potassium superoxide