1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene Chemical Properties

Melting point:

125-130 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

222.3±23.0 °C(Predicted)

Density 

1.28±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

storage temp. 

under inert gas (nitrogen or Argon) at 2–8 °C

solubility 

toluene: soluble1 g/15 mL

form 

powder to crystal

pka

14.47±0.20(Predicted)

color 

White to Almost white

BRN 

3242

InChI

InChI=1S/C7H13N3/c1-3-8-7-9-4-2-6-10(7)5-1/h1-6H2,(H,8,9)

InChIKey

FVKFHMNJTHKMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

C12=NCCCN1CCCN2

CAS DataBase Reference

5807-14-7(CAS DataBase Reference)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

C

Risk Statements 

34

Safety Statements 

26-36/37/39-45-27

RIDADR 

UN 1759 8/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

F 

9-21-34

HazardClass 

8

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29335990

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich

1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene Usage And Synthesis

Description

1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) is a bicyclic guanidine that has found extensive application in organic chemistry, notably as a powerful catalyst for polymer synthesis and recycling, CO2 utilization, and carboxylic acid derivative synthesis. Bearing both a nucleophilic nitrogen and an electrophilic N?H group, TBD is a multifunctional reagent. It can serve as an organic superbase, an acyl transfer reagent, and a hydrogen bonding activator. It is an excellent catalyst for Michael and Michael-type reactions. The readily available organocatalyst 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) was used for the rapid synthesis of 3-hydroxyisoindolin-1-ones from 3-alkylidenephthalides[1-2].

Chemical Properties

Light yellow crystalline

Uses

1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene may be used as organocatalyst for aminolysis of esters. It may be used as catalyst for direct addition of P(O)-H bonds (dialkyl phosphites and diphenyl phosphonite) across various activated alkenes. Polymer supported 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (PTBD) was used as a base and a reagent scavenger for the synthesis of aryl ethers from phenols and alkyl or aryl halides.

Definition

ChEBI: 3,4,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine is a member of pyrimidines.

General Description

1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, a bicyclic guanidine base, has been found to be an excellent catalyst for Michael and Michael-type reactions. It forms 1:1 complex with lasalocid acid and crystal structure of the complex has been studied by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy and ¹H NMR.

Reactivity Profile

1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) is a strong bicyclic guanidine base with a pKa = 24.97. It has been shown to promote various reactions, including the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reactions, nitroaldol (Henry) reaction, secondary amine alkylation, carboxylation of propylene glycol with CO2, Michael reactions, synthesis of symmetrically N, N′-substituted ureas, 5- and 6-enolexo aldolisation of acyclic ketoaldehydes, intramolecular aldolization of acyclic ketoaldehydes etc. In these reactions, TBD shows good activity and selectivity[3].

Purification Methods

1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene crystallises from Et2O but readily forms white crystals of the carbonate. It is a strong base (see pK, i.e. about 100 times more basic than tetramethylguanidine). The picrate has m 220.5-222o (from EtOH). It forms the 5-nitro derivative m 14.5-160o that gives a 5-nitro nitrate salt m 100-101o (from EtOH/Et2O) and a 5-nitro picrate m 144-145o (from H2O) [McKay & Kreling Can J Chem 35 1438 1957, Schwesinger Chimia 39 369 1985, Hilpert et al. J Chem Soc, Chem Commun 1401 1983, Kamfen & Eschenmoser Helv Chim Acta 72 185 1989]. [Beilstein 26 III/IV 60.]

References

[1] Chunling Blue Lan, Prof. Karine Auclair. “1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD): An Organocatalyst for Rapid Access to 3-Hydroxyisoindolin-1-ones.” European Journal of Organic Chemistry 27 12 (2024).
[2] Weiping Ye. “1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) catalyzed Michael reactions.” Tetrahedron Letters 46 40 (2005): Pages 6875-6878.
[3] Iuliana Cota . “1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) an efficient homogeneous catalyst for aldol condensation reactions. Study of the catalyst recovery and reusability using CO2.” Tetrahedron Letters 52 3 (2011): Pages 385-387.

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