Fluoxymesterone Chemical Properties

Melting point:

240 °C

alpha 

104 º (c=1,EtOH)

Boiling point:

474.2±45.0 °C(Predicted)

Density 

1.0455 (estimate)

storage temp. 

-20°C

solubility 

H₂O: ≤0.5 mg/mL

form 

solid (photosensitive)

pka

13.40±0.70(Predicted)

color 

white

Water Solubility 

NEGLIGIBLE

Merck 

13,4212

InChI

InChI=1/C20H29FO3/c1-17-8-6-13(22)10-12(17)4-5-15-14-7-9-19(3,24)18(14,2)11-16(23)20(15,17)21/h10,14-16,23-24H,4-9,11H2,1-3H3/t14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-/s3

InChIKey

YLRFCQOZQXIBAB-MGWAJYFFNA-N

SMILES

[C@]12(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@]3(C)[C@](CC[C@@]3([H])[C@]1([H])CCC1=CC(=O)CC[C@]21C)(O)C |&1:0,2,5,7,10,12,22,r|

CAS DataBase Reference

76-43-7(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

4-Androsten-3-one, 9alpha-fluoro-11beta,17beta-dihydroxy-17alpha-methyl-,(76-43-7)

EPA Substance Registry System

Fluoxymesterone (76-43-7)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xn,T,F

Risk Statements 

63-38-19-11-61-60

Safety Statements 

22-36-24/25-45-53

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

BV8390000

HS Code 

29372900

Hazardous Substances Data

76-43-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 intraperitoneal in mouse: 2350mg/kg

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:9a-Fluoro-11b,17b-dihydroxy-17a-methyl-4-androsten-3-one
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ACROS

Fluoxymesterone Usage And Synthesis

Description

Fluoxymesterone(Halotestin) is a steroid with an androgenic property that is used in primary hypogonadism and testicular failure due to cryptorchidism, vanishing testes syndrome, or orchidectomy; and in hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) deficiency or pituitary hypothalamic injury from tumors, trauma, or radiation. It mimics the actions of testosterone, which is responsible for normal growth and development of the male sex organs and for the maintenance of secondary sex characteristics. In female postmenopausal patients, fluoxymesterone may be indicated in the palliation of recurrent mammary cancer.

Chemical Properties

white to light yellow crystal powder

Originator

Halotestin, Upjohn, US,1957

Uses

Fluoxymesterone is an anabolic steroid with androgenic activity. It is used in the treatment of male hypogonadism. It showed antitumor effects on pregnancy-dependent mammary tumors TPDMT-4.

Indications

Fluoxymesterone promotes growth and development of male reproductive organs, maintains secondary sex characteristics, increases protein anabolism, and decreases protein catabolism. It is used to treat symptoms of low testosterone in adult men who have hypogonadism (a condition in which the body does not produce enough natural testosterone). It is also used for palliation of androgen-responsive recurrent mammary cancer in women who are more than 1 year but less than 5 years postmenopausal (women).

Definition

ChEBI: Fluoxymesterone is an anabolic androgenic steroid, a 17beta-hydroxy steroid, an 11beta-hydroxy steroid, a fluorinated steroid and a 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and an anabolic agent.

brand name

Android (Valeant); Halotestin (Pharmacia & Upjohn); Ora-Testryl (Bristol-Myers Squibb).

Therapeutic Function

Androgen

General Description

Fluoxymesterone, 9α-fluoro-11β,17β-dihydroxy-17-methylandrost-4-en-3-one, is ahighly potent, orally active androgen, about 5 to 10 timesmore potent than testosterone. It can be used for all theindications discussed previously, but its great androgenicactivity has made it useful primarily for treatment of theandrogen-deficient male.

Mechanism of action

Fluoxymesterone is a synthetic androgenic anabolic steroid and is approximately 5 times as potent as natural methyltestosterone. Like testosterone and other androgenic hormones, fluoxymesterone binds to the androgen receptor. It produces retention of nitrogen, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, increases protein anabolism, decreases amino acid catabolism and decreases urinary excretion of calcium. The antitumour activity of fluoxymesterone appears related to the reduction or competitive inhibition of prolactin receptors or estrogen receptors or production.

Pharmacokinetics

By substituting a 9α-fluoro group onto an analog of 17α-methyltestosterone, fluoxymesterone has 20 times the anabolic and 10 times the androgenic activity of 17α-methyltestosterone. It has a mean half-life of 9 hours, and less than 5% of the drug is excreted unchanged. An adverse effect of fluoxymesterone is sodium and water retention that could lead to edema.

Side effects

Fluoxymesterone is used as an androgen hormonal supplement. An adverse effect of fluoxymesterone is sodium and water retention that could lead to edema. Side effects associated with this agent include closing of the epiphyseal closures, hypercalcemia, and edema. This product should not be given to boys who are in puberty because of its effect on the epiphyseal closures.

Safety Profile

Fluoxymesterone is contraindicated in male subjects with known or suspected carcinoma of the prostate gland. Prolonged use of high-dosage 17-alpha-alkyl androgens is known to have caused hypercalcemia, hepatic adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatitis. Fluoxymesterone, which accelerates bone maturation without producing linear growth, should be used cautiously in males with delayed puberty. Edema and CHF may occur in patients with preexisting cardiovascular problems. Androgens cause virilization in female subjects.

Synthesis

Fluoxymesterone, 9-fluoro-11|?,17|?-dihydroxy-17|á-methylandrost- 4-en-3-one (29.3.8), is made from 11|?-hydroxy-4-androsten-3,17-dione, which is reacted with pyrrolidine to give a dieneamine (29.3.4). This undergoes a reaction with methylmagnesiumiodide, which after hydrolysis forms 11|?,17|?-dihydroxy-17|á-methylandrost- 4-en-3-one (29.3.5). Dehydration of this compound by selective tosylation of the secondary hydroxyl group at C11 using p-toluenesulfonyl chloride and subsequent reaction with a base gives the diene (29.3.6), and the double bond at C9¨CC11 is transformed to an epoxide (29.3.7) by subsequent reaction with N-bromoacetamide in a wet solvent (source of HOBr), and a base. Further reaction with hydrogen fluoride results in an opening of the epoxide ring and the formation of the desired fluoxymesterone (29.3.8).

Mode of action

Fluoxymesterone binds to androgen receptors, suppressing GnRH, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) through a negative feedback mechanism involving the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. It antagonizes the estrogenic effects in estrogendependent target cells.

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