Product Identification

Product Name

Pentanenitrile

Synonyms

1-Butyl cyanide
1-Cyanobutane
2,4-Imidazolidinedione
2-Imidazolin-4(or 5)-one, 2-hydroxy-
Glycolylurea
Imidazolidine-2,4-dione
Pentanenitrile

CAS

110-59-8

CAS

461-72-3

Formula

C3H4N2O2

Formula

C5H9N

Molecular Weight

100.08

Molecular Weight

83.13

EINECS

203-781-8

EINECS

207-313-3

RTECS

MT8210000

RTECS

YV8195000

RTECS Class

Reproductive Effector; Human Data

RTECS Class

Other

Merck

12,10043

Merck

13,4780

Beilstein/Gmelin

1736706

Beilstein/Gmelin

110598

Beilstein Reference

5-24-05-00188

Beilstein Reference

4-02-00-00875

EC Class

flammable, harmful

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Clear colorless to yellow liquid.

Appearance

White crystalline powder.

Solubility in water

Insoluble

Solubility in water

Very soluble

Melting Point

219 - 222

Melting Point

-96

Boiling Point

139

Vapor Pressure

6 (25 C)

Density

0.8164 g/cm3 (0 C)

pKa/pKb

8.70 (pKa)

Partition Coefficient

1.15

Heat Of Vaporization

36.1 kJ/mol

Usage

Often used as a solvent.

Usage

Anticonvulsive, preserative.

Vapor Density

2.8

Refractive Index

1.3962 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

May cause irritation of the digestive tract. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.

Ingestion

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

Inhalation

May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.

Skin

May cause skin irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.

Skin

Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Skin

Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Eyes

May cause eye irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Eyes

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area.

Storage

Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

May cause respiratory tract irritation. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. May cause cardiac abnormalities. Contains cyanide. May be metabolized to cyanide which in turns act by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase impairing cellular respiration. Inhalation may result in symptoms similar to cyanide poisoning which includes unconsciousness and death. Inhalation at high concentrations may cause CNS depression and asphixiation. May cause burning sensation in the chest.

Skin

May be metabolized to cyanide which in turn acts by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase impairing cellular respiration. May cause irritation and dermatitis. May cause cyanosis of the extremities.

Eyes

May cause eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage.

Ingestion

May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause cardiac disturbances. Metabolism may release cyanide, which may result in headache, dizziness, weakness, collapse, unconsciousness and possible death. Ingestion of large amounts may cause CNS depression. Ingestion may result in symptoms similar to cyanide poisoning which is characterized by aspyhxiation.

Hazards

Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.

EC Risk Phrase

R 10 22

EC Safety Phrase

S 22 24/25

EC Safety Phrase

S 23 36/37

UN (DOT)

2929

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Exposure Effects

May be metabolized to cyanide which in turn acts by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase impairing cellular respiration. Effects may be delayed. Chronic exposure to cyanide solutions may lead to the development of a cyanide rash, characterized by itching, and by macular, papular, and vesicular eruptions, and may be accompanied by secondary infections.

Exposure Effects

Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause adverse reproductive effects. Reproductive effects have been reported in animals.

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

36

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extinguishing media: Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. In case of fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Will burn if involved in a fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water.

Upper exp. limit

9.6

Lower exp. limit

1.5

Fire Potential

This chemical is combustible.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Small spills/leaks

Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

9

Incompatibilities

Oxidizing agents.

Stability

Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Incompatibilities

Strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents.

Decomposition

Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen.

Combustion Products

Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Transport Information

UN Number

2929

Hazard Class

6.1

Packing Group

I; II

HS Code

2933 21 00

HS Code

2926 90 95