Product Identification

Product Name

DL-2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid

Synonyms

2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid
2-Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
Deoxytetraric acid
DL-Hydroxysuccinic acid
Musashi-no-Ringosan
Pomalus acid

CAS

617-48-1

Formula

C4H6O5

Molecular Weight

134.09

EINECS

210-514-9

Beilstein/Gmelin

1723539

Beilstein Reference

4-03-00-01123

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

White, crystalline powder.

Solubility in water

558 g/L

Melting Point

133

Boiling Point

322

Vapor Pressure

<0.1

Density

1.601 g/cm3 (20 C)

pKa/pKb

3.61 (pKa)

Partition Coefficient

-1.29

Usage

The active ingredient in many sour or tart foods.

Vapor Density

4.6

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

Skin

Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.

Hazards Identification

Ingestion

May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.

Inhalation

May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.

Skin

May cause skin irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.

Eyes

May cause eye irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

245

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extinguishing media: Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. In case of fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

Upper exp. limit

16.8

Lower exp. limit

2.8

Fire Potential

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. In case of fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Sweep up or absorb material, then place into a suitable clean, dry, closed container for disposal. Provide ventilation.

Stability and Reactivity

Incompatibilities

Oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases, alkali metals.

Stability

Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Decomposition

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.