Product Identification

Product Name

4-Amino-3-hydroxynitrobenzene

Synonyms

2-Hydroxy-4-nitroaniline
3-Hydroxy-4-aminonitrobenzene
5-Nitro-2-amino-1-hydroxybenzene
5-Nitro-2-aminophenol
C.I. 76535
Ursol Yellow Brown A

CAS

121-88-0

Formula

C6H6N2O3

Molecular Weight

154.13999999999999

EINECS

204-503-8

RTECS

SJ6302500

RTECS Class

Tumorigen; Mutagen

Beilstein/Gmelin

972974

Beilstein Reference

4-13-00-00903

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Off-white solid.

Solubility in water

Slightly soluble

Melting Point

207 - 208

Density

1.54 g/cm3

pKa/pKb

8.08 (pKa)

Partition Coefficient

.62

Usage

2-Amino-5-nitrophenol is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of several azo dyes, including ci solvent red 8, which is used for colouring synthetic resins, lacquers, inks and wood stains. It is also used as a dye in semi-permanent hair colouring products to produce red and gold-blond shades. It is used to a limited extent in permanent hair colouring products.

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

Skin

Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown blood. Inhalation of aniline causes anoxia due to the formation of methemoglobinemia.

Skin

May cause skin irritation.

Eyes

May cause eye irritation.

Ingestion

May cause irritation of the digestive tract. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown colored blood. Overexposure may cause methemoglobinemia.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use.

Exposure Effects

May cause methemoglobinemia, which is characterized by chocolate-brown colored blood, headache, weakness, dizziness, breath shortness, cyanosis, rapid heart rate, unconsciousness and possible death.

Fire Fighting Measures

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extinguishing media: Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. In case of fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

Fire Potential

This material is probably combustible.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

Stability and Reactivity

Incompatibilities

Oxidizing agents.

Stability

Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Decomposition

Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide.