Overview Chemical Properties Application Production method
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2-Nitrotoluene

Overview Chemical Properties Application Production method
Product Name
2-Nitrotoluene
CAS No.
88-72-2
Chemical Name
2-Nitrotoluene
Synonyms
1-METHYL-2-NITROBENZENE;O-NITROTOLUENE;ONT;2NT;Ortho Nitrotoluene;2-METHYLNITROBENZENE;nsc9577;2-Nitrotol;88-72-2 ONT;o-itrotoluene
CBNumber
CB1854572
Molecular Formula
C7H7NO2
Formula Weight
137.14
MOL File
88-72-2.mol
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2-Nitrotoluene Property

Melting point:
-9 °C
Boiling point:
225 °C(lit.)
Density 
1.163 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density 
4.72
vapor pressure 
0.1 hPa (20 °C)
refractive index 
n20/D 1.546(lit.)
Flash point:
223 °F
storage temp. 
Store below +30°C.
solubility 
0.65g/l (experimental)
form 
Liquid
Specific Gravity
1.16
color 
Clear yellow to yellow-green
PH
6-8 (H2O)
explosive limit
1.47-8.8%(V)
Water Solubility 
0.44 g/L (20 ºC)
Merck 
14,6650
BRN 
1907580
Henry's Law Constant
1.25 at 25 °C (thermodynamic method-GC/UV spectrophotometry, Altschuh et al., 1999)
Exposure limits
NIOSH REL: TWA 2 ppm (11 mg/m3), IDLH 200 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA 2 ppm (adopted).
Dielectric constant
27.399999999999999
Stability:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong bases, sulfuric acid, reducing agents, hydrogen, sodium.
InChIKey
PLAZTCDQAHEYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference
88-72-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Benzene, 1-methyl-2-nitro-(88-72-2)
IARC
2A (Vol. 101) 2013
EPA Substance Registry System
o-Nitrotoluene (88-72-2)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
T,N,F
Risk Statements 
45-46-22-51/53-62-36/37/38-23/24/25-11-36-20/21/22
Safety Statements 
53-45-61-27-16-36/37-26
RIDADR 
UN 1664 6.1/PG 2
OEB
A
OEL
TWA: 2 ppm (11 mg/m3) [skin]
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
XT3150000
Autoignition Temperature
420 °C
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
6.1
PackingGroup 
II
HS Code 
29042000
Hazardous Substances Data
88-72-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 orally in Rabbit: 891 mg/kg
IDLA
200 ppm
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Danger
Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H340May cause genetic defects

H350May cause cancer

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P202Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P308+P313IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.06806
Product name
2-Nitrotoluene
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
100mL
Price
$39.4
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.06806
Product name
2-Nitrotoluene
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
1L
Price
$57.9
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
438804
Product name
2-Nitrotoluene
Purity
≥99%
Packaging
5ml
Price
$30
Updated
2023/01/07
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
31567
Product name
2-Nitrotoluene
Purity
analytical standard
Packaging
250mg
Price
$30.7
Updated
2022/05/15
TCI Chemical
Product number
N0275
Product name
2-Nitrotoluene
Purity
>99.0%(GC)
Packaging
25g
Price
$27
Updated
2024/03/01
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2-Nitrotoluene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Overview

O-nitrotoluene is also known as 2-nitrotoluene or 1-methyl-2-nitrobenzene,and is yellow oily transparent liquid. It has the smell of nitrobenzene. The relative density is 1.1629. The melting point is-2.9℃ (α-type, stable type),-9.5℃ (β-type, non-stable type). The boiling point is 221.7 °C, 118 °C (2.133×103Pa) and 50.0 °C (0.133×103Pa). The flash point is 106.1 °C (closed system). The refractive index is 1.5450. The viscosity is 0.0262 mPa•s (15℃). The vapor pressure (×103 Pa) is 10.906 (5℃), 12.639 (10℃), 14.612 (20℃), 15.892 (30℃). It is slightly soluble in water (0.061 at 30°C), soluble in benzene, chloroform and petroleum ether and immiscible with ethanol and ether. It can evaporate together with water vapor. Due to the strong electron-withdrawing ability of nitro group, the methyl of is easy to be oxidized to form o-nitrobenzaldehyde or o-nitrobenzoic acid according to oxidation conditions. And o-nitrotoluene can be reduced in the presence of catalyst to generate o-toluidine, which can generate 2,4 or 2,6 dinitrotoluene after further nitration. O-nitrotoluene can also be chlorinated to generate nitrobenzyl chloride. In addition, o-nitrotoluene can also generate azo compounds. LD50 (rat oral) is 801mg/kg.
O-nitrotoluene is mainly used as the raw material of dyestuffs to prepare 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene, 6-chloro-2-nitrotoluene, o-toluidine, o-tolidine, 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde and other dyestuffs intermediates, in which 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene is a pharmaceutical raw material and o-toluidine is the raw material of pesticide fungicides and spices. O-nitrotoluene is a pharmaceutical raw material to prepare 2,2'-dinitrobenzene, o-nitrobenzyl bromide, bromine alkane and other medicines, and is also the raw material to prepare indole to be used as amino acids and plant growth regulators. O-nitrotoluene is the raw material to prepare dinitrotoluene to be used as powder. O-toluidine can also be used as vulcanization accelerator and to prepare o-nitrobenzoic acid as pharmaceutical raw material.

Chemical Properties

Yellow flammable liquid; insoluble in water; soluble in chloroform and benzene; immiscible with ethanol and ethyl ether.

Application

2-Nitrotoluene is a nitroaromatic compound. It is mainly used in the production of o-toluidine, o-tolidine, and also used as the important raw materials of dyes, paints, plastics and pharmaceutical. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used for the production of nifedipine, tegretol, imipramine hydrochloride, bromide has hydrochloride amine and sodium dicloxaeillin.

Production method

Nitrify toluene with mixed acid to generate mixed nitrotoluene, which mainly consists of o-nitrotoluene (about two-thirds) and p-nitrotoluene (about one-third). The mixed nitrotoluene can be separated to get the pure product. Add toluene to the reactor and cool to below 25℃. Then add the mixed acid (ie, 25-30% of nitric acid, 55-58% of sulfuric acid and 20-21% of water) and control the temperature not exceeding 50℃. Stir for 1-2h, and then stand for 6h. Separate the generated nitrotoluene, and wash them with water and alkali liquor to remove unreacted toluene and aliphatic compound. The crude nitrotoluene products consist of 55-60% of o-nitrotoluene, 2-5% of m-nitrotoluene and 35-40% of p-nitrotoluene, with a yield of 90-95%. The various isomers can be separated by crude distillation and crystallization according to the difference of the boiling point and melting point. Namely, first distill the crude nitrotoluene under vacuum to separate out the majority of o-nitrotoluene. And then the residual fraction containing more p-nitrotoluene is separated by vacuum distillation, and cooled for crystallization and separated to obtain the finished products. The tarry substance with high boiling point remains in the still. M-nitrotoluene remains in the mother liquor separated out the p-nitrotoluene, and can be obtained by rectification after repeated accumulation. The purity of ortho and para nitrotoluene can respectively reach 98% and 99%. The domestic process is the two-pot series process, and the reaction temperature of the main pot is 40-45℃ and the second pot is 50-55℃. The preparation of mixed acid is roughly similar, including 26-28% of nitric acid, 56-57% of sulfuric acid and 16-18% of water. The raw material consumption quota: toluene (98%) 800kg/t, nitric acid (98%) 470kg/t, sulfuric acid (92.5%) 450kg/t, caustic soda (42%) 100kg /t

Description

2-Nitrotoluene is a light yellow to darker yellow-green liquid. It is used for the synthesis of a variety of industrial products. These include to synthesise agricultural and rubber chemicals, azo and sulphur dyes, and dyes for cotton, wool, silk, leather, and paper. O-nitrotoluene decomposes on contact with strong oxidants, reducing agents, acids, or bases producing toxic fumes, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide.

Chemical Properties

Nitrotoluene is formed in 3 isomeric forms. The o-and m-forms are yellow liquids or solids. The p-form is a pale yellow crystalline solid. All have weak aromatic odors. The Odor Thresholds are: 0.05 mg/L (o-isomer); 1.74 ppm (m-isomer).

Physical properties

Clear, colorless to pale yellowish combustible liquid with a faint, aromatic odor. May darken on exposure to air.

Uses

2-Nitrotoluene is used as an intermediate for the o-toludine synthesis, which finds application in the dyestuff industry. It is employed as a reagent in detecting and photometric determining oxidizing agent. It is also used in the determination of prussic acid content in the air. It acts as a precursor to prepare 2-amino-4-chlorotoluene, 2-amino-6-chlorotoluene, nitrotoluenesulfonic acids and toluene nitrosulfonic chlorides. It acts as a nitrogen supplement in the culture medium of pseudomonas sp. strain ClS1. It acts as a carbon and energy supplement in the culture medium of Pseudomonas sp. strain JS42.

Preparation

2-Nitrotoluene was synthesized by nitration of toluene with mixed acid, A mixture of mononitrotoluene isomers can be prepared from the nitration of toluene between -10 oC and 30 oC. Lower temperatures result in little or no reaction, while higher temperatures will result in double nitration forming dinitrotoluenes.

Definition

ChEBI: 2-nitrotoluene is a mononitrotoluene that is toluene carrying a nitro substituent at position 2. It has a role as an environmental contaminant and a carcinogenic agent.

General Description

Light yellow oily liquid with a characteristic odor of aromatic nitro compounds. Sinks in water. Derived from toluene by nitration and separation by fractional distillation. Flash point 223°F.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

2-Nitrotoluene is toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin aborption, targeting the blood, central nervous system, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms include, anoxia, weakness or dizziness, nausea and vomiting. If 2-Nitrotoluene contacts the eye, the eye should be irrigated immediately. If 2-Nitrotoluene contacts the skin, the area should be washed with soap. If inhaled, respiratory support should be administered. Finally, if ingested, medical attention should be sought. 2-Nitrotoluene also reacts with sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen, sodium, tetranitromethane, reducing agents and strong oxidizers. 2-Nitrotoluene is very heat sensitive.

Hazard

Toxic by inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption. Methemoglobinemia. Probable carcinogen.

Health Hazard

INHALATION, INGESTION, OR SKIN: Headache, flushing of face, dizziness, dyspnea (difficult breathing), cyanosis, nausea, vomiting, muscular weakness, increased pulse and respiratory rate, irritability, and convulsions. SKIN: Irritation.

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen. A poison. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mucous membrane effects by inhalation. Mutation data reported. Combustible when exposed to heat or open flame. To fight fire, use water spray, fog, foam, CO2. Potentially explosive reaction with alkali (e.g., sodmm hydroxide). When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also other methylnitrobenzene entries and NITRO COMPOUNDS OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS.

Potential Exposure

The nitrotoluenes are used in the production of toluidines and other dye intermediates. All isomers are used in manufacture of agriculture and rubber chemicals and in various dyes.

Carcinogenicity

o-Nitrotoluene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals and supporting data on mechanisms of carcinogenesis.

Environmental Fate

Biological. Robertson et al. (1992) reported that toluene dioxygenases from Pseudomonas putida F1 and Pseudomonas sp. Strain JS 150 oxidized the methyl group forming 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol.

Shipping

UN1664 Nitrotoluenes, (o-; m-; p-), Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Purification Methods

Crystallise 2-nitrotoluene (repeatedly) from absolute EtOH by cooling in a Dry-ice/alcohol mixture. Further purify it by passing an alcoholic solution through a column of alumina. [Beilstein 5 IV 845.]

Incompatibilities

Decomposes on contact with strong oxidizers; strong acids; reducing agents; strong bases; ammonia, amines producing toxic fumes, causing fire and explosion hazard. Heat above 190C may cause explosive decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubbers, and coatings.

Waste Disposal

Controlled incineration-care must be taken to maintain complete combustion at all times. Incineration of large quantities may require scrubbers to control the emission of nitrogen oxides.

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2-Nitrotoluene Suppliers

Shandong Xinxian Yingtai Chemical Co., Ltd
Tel
0635-7888358 15550585968
Email
sxythg@126.com
Country
China
ProdList
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58
Yangzhou juhechang Technology Co., Ltd
Tel
0514-0514-83662002 13073488988
Fax
0514-83662002
Email
13073488988@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
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Shanghai Baoyang Baoxin Biotechnology Co., LTD
Tel
021-56698539 18019222030
Email
bxsw_sh@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
2296
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58
Shandong Xinmuyuan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd
Tel
19105383610(微) 19105383610
Email
83809669@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
255
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58
Yixing Wencheng Chemical Co., Ltd
Tel
13961572207
Email
David@un-wencheng.com
Country
China
ProdList
131
Advantage
58
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-61259108 18621169109
Fax
86-21-61259102
Email
market03@meryer.com
Country
China
ProdList
40228
Advantage
62
3B Pharmachem (Wuhan) International Co.,Ltd.
Tel
821-50328103-801 18930552037
Fax
86-21-50328109
Email
3bsc@sina.com
Country
China
ProdList
15839
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Alfa Aesar
Tel
400-6106006
Fax
021-67582001/03/05
Email
saleschina@alfa-asia.com
Country
China
ProdList
30123
Advantage
84
TCI (Shanghai) Development Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-67121386
Fax
021-67121385
Email
Sales-CN@TCIchemicals.com
Country
China
ProdList
24529
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81
Energy Chemical
Tel
021-021-58432009 400-005-6266
Fax
021-58436166
Email
sales8178@energy-chemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
44689
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61
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View Lastest Price from 2-Nitrotoluene manufacturers

Shanghai Xin Cheng Yue Chemical Co.,Ltd
Product
2- Nitrotoluene 88-72-2
Price
US $0.00/kg
Min. Order
1000kg
Purity
99.9%
Supply Ability
10000ton
Release date
2024-01-25
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd
Product
2-Nitrotoluene 88-72-2
Price
US $100.00-1.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
g-kg-tons, free sample is available
Release date
2023-12-26
Hebei Fengqiang Trading Co., LTD
Product
2-Nitrotoluene 88-72-2
Price
US $100.00/bag
Min. Order
1bag
Purity
99
Supply Ability
5000
Release date
2023-09-14

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