The most bitter compound in the world Chemical structure Uses
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Denatonium Benzoate

The most bitter compound in the world Chemical structure Uses
Product Name
Denatonium Benzoate
CAS No.
3734-33-6
Chemical Name
Denatonium Benzoate
Synonyms
DENATONIUM BENZOATE;BITREX;denatonium;,benzoate;REJEXIT (R);Bitrex? Denatonium Benzoate;Acetylthio-2-Methylpro-Panoyl Chloride;benzyldiethyl (2,6-xylylcarbamoylmethyl)-ammonium;Vilex;ths-839
CBNumber
CB2674421
Molecular Formula
C28H34N2O3
Formula Weight
446.58
MOL File
3734-33-6.mol
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Denatonium Benzoate Property

Melting point:
164-168 °C (lit.)
Boiling point:
555.91°C (rough estimate)
Density 
1.1256 (rough estimate)
vapor pressure 
0Pa at 25℃
refractive index 
1.5800 (estimate)
Flash point:
100℃
storage temp. 
Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility 
methanol: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
form 
Solid
color 
White to Off-White
Odor
at 100.00?%. bland
Water Solubility 
42.555g/L at 25℃
Merck 
14,2891
BRN 
8179408
Stability:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey
VWTINHYPRWEBQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
2.2 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference
3734-33-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System
Denatonium benzoate (3734-33-6)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
Xn,Xi
Risk Statements 
22-36/37/38-20/21/22
Safety Statements 
26-36-37/39
WGK Germany 
2
RTECS 
BO6650000
TSCA 
Yes
HS Code 
29242995
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H412Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
1171003
Product name
Denatonium benzoate
Purity
United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Packaging
200mg
Price
$436
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
52487
Product name
Denatonium benzoate
Purity
analytical standard
Packaging
100mg
Price
$74.7
Updated
2022/05/15
TCI Chemical
Product number
D2124
Product name
Denatonium Benzoate
Purity
>98.0%(HPLC)
Packaging
5g
Price
$71
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
D2124
Product name
Denatonium Benzoate
Purity
>98.0%(HPLC)
Packaging
25g
Price
$183
Updated
2024/03/01
Alfa Aesar
Product number
J61048
Product name
Denatonium benzoate
Packaging
1g
Price
$34.3
Updated
2024/03/01
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Denatonium Benzoate Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

The most bitter compound in the world

Denatonium benzoate is now known as the world's most bitter compound. If we set the bitter degree of quinine as datum 1, the degree of bitterness of the product would be 1000. A concentration of 10ppm solution is already too bitter to bear for most people. The vast majority of its applications are related to its bitter flavor. It is an inexpensive and efficient alternative to its counterparts such as strychnine, bitter lignin, quinine, wood song glycosides, saponins grapefruit.
Denatonium benzoate is commonly used as aversive agent to prevent people from eating other toxic but tasteless substance. For example, it has been added into industrial alcohol, ethylene glycol or methanol which has similar taste as ordinary wine, antifreeze, paint, toilet cleaners, animals disperse, liquid soaps and shampoos. Moreover, it has been also added into special nail polish agents, to avoid child’s bad habit of biting fingers, as well as being the repellent for expulsing large beasts. However, the effect of Long-term exposure to this substance on human health is still unclear.

Chemical structure

Denatonium benzoate is a kind of quaternary ammonium salt formed by the combination of the quaternary ammonium cation and inert anion such as benzoic acid or saccharin anion. The structure of its cation form is similar to that of a local anesthetic lidocaine with the only difference being an additional benzyl functional group located on the nitrogen atom of the amino.

Uses

Flavoring agent.

Chemical Properties

white crystals

Chemical Properties

Denatonium benzoate occurs as an odorless, very bitter tasting, white crystalline powder or granules.

Uses

The bitterest compound knownDenatonium benzoate is used as an alcohol denaturant and flavor in pharmaceuticals. It is also used in antifreeze, nail biting preventions, respirator mask fit-testing, animal repellents, liquid soaps and shampoos. Further, it is used in air care products. It acts as H1 antihistamine. In addition to this, it is used as a disinfectant.

Uses

Pharmaceutic aid (alcohol denaturant; flavor). Added to toxic substances as a deterrent to accidental ingestion. Can replace brucine or quassin as denaturant for ethyl alcohol.

Production Methods

Denatonium benzoate was first synthesized in the 1950s and is usually prepared by reacting denatonium chloride with benzyl benzoate.

brand name

Bitrex (Mac Farlan Smith, Scotland).

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Pharmaceutical Applications

Denatonium benzoate is among the most bitter of substances known and is detectable at concentrations of approximately 10 ppb. In pharmaceutical and other industrial applications it is added to some products as a deterrent to accidental ingestion. It is most commonly used at levels of 5–500 ppm. Denatonium benzoate may also be used to replace brucine or quassin as a denaturant for ethanol.
In pharmaceutical formulations, denatonium benzoate has been used as a flavoring agent in placebo tablets, and in a topical formulation it has been used in an anti-nailbiting preparation.

Safety

Denatonium benzoate is generally regarded as a nonirritant and nonmutagenic substance.However,therehasbeenasinglereportof contact urticaria attributed to denatonium benzoate occurring in a 30-year-old man who developed asthma and pruritus after using an insecticidal spray denatured with denatonium benzoate.
LD50 (rabbit, oral): 0.508g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 0.584g/kg

Synthesis

A method for synthesizing Denatonium Benzoate comprises the following steps: (1) adding benzyl halide to a reactor containing raw material lidocaine under stirring and at a certain temperature, wherein the reaction temperature is from room temperature to 130°C, and the ratio of lidocaine to benzyl halide is 1:1 to 1:2; (2) after the reaction is complete, adding solvent and metal hydroxide; (3) adding benzoic acid, after the reaction is completed, the generated benzyl ammonium benzoate is filtered, washed, concentrated, and washed to obtain the product benzyl ammonium benzoate.

storage

Denatonium benzoate is stable up to 140°C and over a wide pH range. It should be stored in a well-closed container (such as polythene-lined steel) in a cool, dry place. Aqueous or alcoholic solutions retaintheir bitterness forseveral years evenwhenexposed to light.

Incompatibilities

Denatonium benzoateis incompatible with strongoxidizing agents.

Regulatory Status

Denatonium benzoate is used worldwide as a denaturant for alcohol. It is included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (topical gel and solution).

Denatonium Benzoate Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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Denatonium Benzoate Suppliers

Shandong Yatu Biotechnology Co. LTD
Tel
0531-55555418 15301096991
Email
811301959@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
1107
Advantage
58
shanghai hehua chemical co.,ltd
Tel
15121167815
Email
bangge121@sina.com
Country
China
ProdList
227
Advantage
58
Nantong Tianxiang Bioengineering Co., Ltd
Tel
0513-5666452 4006716686
Fax
0513-5666452
Email
475035221@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
1073
Advantage
58
Zhejiang Synose Tech Co., Ltd.
Tel
0579-89172082 18720986928
Fax
0579-89172082
Email
191094223@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
66
Advantage
58
Henan Forrest New Materials Technology Co., Ltd
Tel
18639096640
Email
hnxxflst@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
35
Advantage
58
Jiangsu Dongju Biotechnology Co. , Ltd.
Tel
15152114979
Email
2805239892@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
471
Advantage
58
J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD.
Tel
010-82848833 400-666-7788
Fax
86-10-82849933
Email
jkinfo@jkchemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
96815
Advantage
76
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-61259108 18621169109
Fax
86-21-61259102
Email
market03@meryer.com
Country
China
ProdList
40228
Advantage
62
INTATRADE GmbH
Tel
+49 3493/605464
Fax
+49 3493/605470
Email
sales@intatrade.de
Country
Germany
ProdList
3572
Advantage
66
3B Pharmachem (Wuhan) International Co.,Ltd.
Tel
821-50328103-801 18930552037
Fax
86-21-50328109
Email
3bsc@sina.com
Country
China
ProdList
15839
Advantage
69
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View Lastest Price from Denatonium Benzoate manufacturers

Speranza Chemical Co., Ltd.
Product
DENATONIUM BENZOATE,99% 3734-33-6
Price
US $20.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
300 Tons/ year
Release date
2019-12-25
Xinxiang Aurora Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.
Product
Denatonium Benzoate Anhydrous 3734-33-6
Price
US $0.00-0.00/Kg
Min. Order
1Kg
Purity
98%
Supply Ability
20Ton
Release date
2024-11-13
Hebei Zhuanglai Chemical Trading Co.,Ltd
Product
Denatonium Benzoate Anhydrous 3734-33-6
Price
US $120.00-65.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
20ton
Release date
2024-04-28

3734-33-6, Denatonium BenzoateRelated Search:


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