Diphenylacetonitrile Property

Melting point:

71-73 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

181 °C/12 mmHg (lit.)

Density 

1.1061 (rough estimate)

vapor pressure 

21.3 hPa (190 °C)

refractive index 

1.5850 (estimate)

Flash point:

120 °C

storage temp. 

Store below +30°C.

solubility 

INSOLUBLE

form 

Crystalline Powder

color 

White to creamy or faint yellow

Water Solubility 

INSOLUBLE

Merck 

14,3316

BRN 

1911160

Exposure limits

NIOSH: IDLH 25 mg/m3

InChIKey

NEBPTMCRLHKPOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP

2.795-3.197 at 25℃

CAS DataBase Reference

86-29-3(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Benzeneacetonitrile, «alpha»-phenyl-(86-29-3)

EPA Substance Registry System

Diphenylacetonitrile (86-29-3)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

36/37/38

Safety Statements 

26-36-37/39

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

AL9800000

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

29269095

Toxicity

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3500 mg/kg

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H303May be harmfulif swallowed

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H335May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P405Store locked up.

Diphenylacetonitrile Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

Diphenylacetonitrile is a white to creamy or faint yellow crystalline powder, Soluble in ethanol, ether. It is obtained by bromination and condensation of phenylacetonitrile. Diphenylacetonitrile is mainly used as an intermediate to manufacture API which deals in treatment of respiratory stimulant. It is used to manufacture APIs like stomach amine, Aminepentamide Sulphate, Diphenoxylate, Diphenylacetaldehyde, Doxapram, Loperamide, Methadone.

Uses

Mathadone (M225865) impurity. Used in synthesis of methadone, antispasmodics and other pharmaceuticals.
Diphenylacetonitrile is used to synthesize isocyanate, which is further prepared into UV paint, PU paint, transparent elastomer and adhesive, etc. In addition, it is also used in polyamide and epoxy resin industries.

Preparation

Diphenylacetonitrile can be prepared in good yield by the dehydration of the amide of diphenyl acetic acid with phosphorous oxychloride. Diphenylacetonitrile undergoes anhydrous condensation with ethyl-4-bromo-butyrate. This is followed by its hydrolysis in alkaline medium that is used in the quantitative determination of 3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid.

Preparation

In a 100 mL, nitrogen-flushed pear flask was added indium(III) bromide (2.0 mmol, 10 mol %) in CH2Cl2 (40 mL) to give a white suspension. To this at room temperature was added trimethylsilyl cyanide (40 mmol, 2.0 equiv.), followed by dropwise addition of alcohol (20 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) to give a moderate exothermic reaction. The mixture slowly turned clear, and TLC showed mostly the desire product. Saturated NaHCO3 was added and the mixture was concentrated in vacuo to remove the volatiles. The residue was partitioned between saturated NaHCO3 and ethyl acetate, and the aqueous layer was extracted one more time with ethyl acetate. Combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (5% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired Diphenylacetonitrile.

Reactions

Methadone is synthesised by alkylation of diphenylacetonitrile using 2-dimethylaminopropylchloride in the presence of sodamide.
Dextromoramide is synthesised by alkylation of diphenylacetonitrile using 1-morpholinyl-2- chloropropane in the presence of sodamide.
Diphenylacetonitrile in the presence of sodium amide is alkylated with 1-ethyl-3-chlorpyrrolidine, giving (1-ethyl-3-pyrrolidinyl) diphenylacetonitrile.
Isopropamide, is synthesized by alkylating diphenylacetonitrile with di-isopropylaminoethylchloride in the presence of sodium amide, and the subsequent hydrolysis of the nitrile group of the resulting compound to an amide group.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 35, p. 3253, 1970 DOI: 10.1021/jo00835a016

General Description

Diphenylacetonitrile can be prepared in good yield by the dehydration of the amide of diphenyl acetic acid with phosphorous oxychloride.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx, and CN-. See also NITRILES.

Synthesis

Add the 250mL ethyl acetate in 500mL glass there-necked flask, open and stir, add the 150g phenylcarbinol, add sodium methylate 80g, 70 ℃ of stirring reactions 2 hours are down to room temperature, add benzyl cyanide 120ml.Be heated to 110 ℃, distillation reaction 10h.Reaction naturally cools to room temperature after finishing, and adds the extraction of 200ml ethyl acetate and 200ml water, tells lower aqueous layer.The upper strata ethyl acetate layer adds water, and washing once adds anhydrous sodium sulfate drying.Concentrating under reduced pressure is removed ethyl acetate.Then in oily matter, add a small amount of dehydrated alcohol crystallisation by cooling, the crystallized product oven dry.Yield 90%, purity 99.0% (GC).

Purification Methods

Crystallise the nitrile from EtOH or pet ether (b 90-100o). [Beilstein 9 H 674, 9 IV 2505.]