Artificial flavor Chemical properties Content analysis Toxicity Usage limit Standard for Maximum Allowable Amount Chemical properties Application Preparation Category Toxic classification Acute toxicity Flammability and Hazardous characteristics Storage and transportation characteristics Extinguishing agent
ChemicalBook > CAS DataBase List > Carvacrol

Carvacrol

Artificial flavor Chemical properties Content analysis Toxicity Usage limit Standard for Maximum Allowable Amount Chemical properties Application Preparation Category Toxic classification Acute toxicity Flammability and Hazardous characteristics Storage and transportation characteristics Extinguishing agent
Product Name
Carvacrol
CAS No.
499-75-2
Chemical Name
Carvacrol
Synonyms
o-Thymol;5-ISOPROPYL-2-METHYLPHENOL;ISOTHYMOL;Cymenol;2-p-Cymenol;2-hydroxy-p-cymen;5-ISOPROPYL-O-CRESOL;2-METHYL-5-ISOPROPYLPHENOL;Phenol,2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-;1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-isopropylbenzene
CBNumber
CB6134604
Molecular Formula
C10H14O
Formula Weight
150.22
MOL File
499-75-2.mol
More
Less

Carvacrol Property

Melting point:
3-4 °C(lit.)
Boiling point:
236-237 °C(lit.)
Density 
0.976 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure 
3.09-6.664Pa at 25℃
refractive index 
n20/D 1.522(lit.)
FEMA 
2245 | CARVACROL
Flash point:
224 °F
storage temp. 
-20°C
solubility 
1.25g/l
pka
10.38±0.10(Predicted)
form 
Liquid
color 
Colorless to Light orange to Yellow
Odor
Penetrating, dry-medicinal (“-phenolic”) - herbaceous odor with a spicy undertone.
Odor Type
spicy
biological source
synthetic
Water Solubility 
Insoluble
JECFA Number
710
Merck 
14,1872
BRN 
1860514
Stability:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey
RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
3.33-3.49
CAS DataBase Reference
499-75-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Phenol, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-(499-75-2)
EPA Substance Registry System
Isopropyl-o-cresol (499-75-2)
More
Less

Safety

Hazard Codes 
C
Risk Statements 
22-34
Safety Statements 
26-36/37/39-45
RIDADR 
UN 3265 8/PG 3
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
FI1225000
HazardClass 
8
PackingGroup 
III
HS Code 
29071990
Hazardous Substances Data
499-75-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD orally in rabbits: 100 mg/kg (Kochmann)
More
Less

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Danger
Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

More
Less

N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
W224511
Product name
Carvacrol
Purity
natural, 99%, FG
Packaging
1 unit
Price
$57.47
Updated
2025/07/31
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
W224511
Product name
Carvacrol
Purity
natural, 99%, FG
Packaging
1 unit
Price
$57.47
Updated
2025/07/31
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
W224511
Product name
Carvacrol
Purity
natural, 99%, FG
Packaging
100g
Price
$73.6
Updated
2025/07/31
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
W224511
Product name
Carvacrol
Purity
natural, 99%, FG
Packaging
1kg
Price
$418
Updated
2025/07/31
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
W224511
Product name
Carvacrol
Purity
natural, 99%, FG
Packaging
10Kg
Price
$2250
Updated
2025/07/31
More
Less

Carvacrol Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Artificial flavor

Carvacrol is the isomeric body of thymol with similar aroma as thymol. Carvacrol naturally exists in thyme oil and other essential oils, having especially high content in the thyme oil produced in Spain.
Carvacrol is mainly used in the preparation of dill, girofle, mint and vanilla flavor to be used for toothpaste, toothpaste powder, oral products, talcum powder, soap and daily industrial products. In medicine, it is used for local anesthetics. In addition, carvacrol is capable of killing bacteria and intestinal parasites and can be used as disinfectants and fungicides. According to the information reported, the acute toxicity data of carvacrol: oral LD50810mg/kg (rat), skin test: LD50> 5g/kg (rabbit).
Thyme plant has its origin including the Northeast, Hebei, and Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang and other provinces. Ingredients: whole plant of thyme contains about 0.15~0.5% volatile oil (in oil, the component mainly contains carvacrol, paraffin, thymol), amaroid and tannin. Leaves contain free oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, caffeic acid and so on. Thyme can be not only used in medicine, for spices, but also be as the superior natural health ingredients of the processed foods. Since the 1980s, thyme-like herbal foods have become very popular. Studies have shown that thyme-containing volatile oils, in addition to being used as seasoning and for treatment of illnesses, also have anti-corrosion, antibacterial and other functions. Therefore, the consumers can benefit a lot using it as food raw materials. Because of this, in Europe, natural herbal tea also contains thyme. For example, a kind of herb tea raw material having anti-cough effect and being able to prevent and treat bronchitis has 10% thyme leaves.

Image 1: Thymus plant

Chemical properties

Use sulfuric acid to sulfonate the p-isopropyl toluene, generating p-isopropyl toluene-2-sulfonic acid. Then we can obtain carvacrol after alkali melting treatment.

Image 2: Preparation of carvacrol from p-isopropyltoluene
Carvacrol, when co-melted together with potassium hydroxide, can give 2-hydroxy-4-isopropyl benzoic acid while reaction with phosphorus pentachloride can generate 2-chloro-1-methyl-4-isopropyl benzene. In acetic acid, it reaction with 1 mol Bromine can generate 4-bromocarbinol while its reaction with 2 mol bromine can generate 4, 6-dibromo carvacrol; if reacted with bromine and aluminum, we can obtain tetrabromo-o-cresol. It is easily soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid to produce 2-methyl-5-isopropyl phenol-4-sulfonic acid. In aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, it can be reacted with formaldehyde to generate carvacrol phenols alcohol:

Image 3: The reaction between carvacrol and formaldehyde for generation of carvacrol phenolic alcohol
It exhibits green color when reacted with ferric chloride in ethanol with no significant color in the water.

Content analysis

It can be determined by the non-polar column method by GT-10-4.

Toxicity

LD orally in rabbits: 100 mg/kg (Kochmann)

Usage limit

FEMA (mg/kg): soft drinks 26; cold drinks 34; candy 92; baked goods 120; condiments 37.
Take appropriate as limit (FDA § 172.515, 2000).
Allow to use (GB 2760-1996).

Standard for Maximum Allowable Amount

Name of additive
Field allowed to use it as additive
Function of additive
Maximal allowable amount(g/kg)
arvacrol
Food
Food spices
The perfume ingredients used in formulating fragrances shall not exceed the maximum allowable documented amount in GB 2760

Chemical properties

It appears as colorless to pale yellow slightly viscous oil. When placed in air and light, its color becomes darker. It has spicy, cool incense, herbs incense with thymol-like smell. It has a boiling point of 238 ° C, the melting point of 0.5 to 1 ° C and the flash point of 100 ° C. It is soluble ethanol, ethyl ether, propylene glycol and alkali, do not dissolve in water. It is miscible in oil.
The natural products are found in thyme oil (about 70%), oregano oil (about 80%) and mange to oil and so on.

Application

Spices; It is mainly used for the preparation of dill, girofle, meat, peppermint, vanilla flavor and so on.
It can be used for the preparation of spices, fungicides and disinfectants. As a spice, it can be used in toothpaste, soap and other daily necessities, but also for food flavors.
It can be used for spices, food additives, feed additives, antioxidants, sanitation fungicide, insect repellent, preservatives, deodorant and pharmaceutical intermediates.

Preparation

It can be obtained through treatment of the essential oil containing rich content of natural carvacrol followed by ether extraction or steam distillation to derive it.
It can be derived by the sulfonation of thymol followed by alkali treatment.

Category

Pesticides

Toxic classification

middle-level poisoning

Acute toxicity

Oral-rat LD50: 810 mg/kg; intravenous-mouse LD50: 80 mg/kg
Stimulation Data Skin-Rabbit 500 mg/24 h Severe

Flammability and Hazardous characteristics

It is flammable upon heat, fire and strong oxidants with thermal decomposition releasing spicy stimulated smoke

Storage and transportation characteristics

Treasury: low temperature, ventilated and dry; avoid fire and high temperature; store it separately from oxidant.

Extinguishing agent

fog, carbon dioxide, foam, dry powder

Chemical Properties

liquid

Chemical Properties

Carvacrol has a characteristic pungent, warm odor. The commercial product consists of a mixture of isomers differing because of the position of the isopropyl radical. The odor characteristics differ between the technical (lower grade) and pure (higher grade) commercial products.

Occurrence

Reported found in cumin seed, thyme, oregano, calamus, lovage, myrtle and lemon balm.

Uses

Reference Standard in the analysis of herbal medicinal products

Uses

Carvacrol is a flavoring agent that is a colorless to pale yellow liquid. it has a spicy and pungent odor, resembling thymol. it is insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol and ether. it is a mixture of the isomeric carvacrols (isopropyl o-creols), and is obtained by chemical synthesis. it is also an ingredient of savory, a fragrant herb in nature.

Uses

As disinfectant; in organic syntheses.

Definition

ChEBI: A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).

Preparation

From p-cymene by sulfonation and subsequent alkali fusion.

Aroma threshold values

Detection at 2.29 ppm.

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 5.0 ppm: spicy, herbal phenolic, medicinal and woody.

Synthesis Reference(s)

Tetrahedron Letters, 19, p. 2545, 1978 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)94822-1

General Description

Produced and qualified by HWI pharma services GmbH.
Exact content by quantitative NMR can be found on the certificate.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. A severe skin irritant. Combustible liquid. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Carvacrol Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

More
Less

Carvacrol Suppliers

Jiangxi Zhonghuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd
Tel
0796-8107286 13766287383
Email
1350877100@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
165
Advantage
58
Inspire-Biotech Co., Ltd.
Tel
0792-; 18070228777
Fax
-
Email
Eric@inspire-biotech.cn
Country
China
ProdList
24
Advantage
58
Jiangxi Planty Manor Health Industry Co., Ltd.
Tel
0796-18507969315 18507969315
Email
3686433662@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
266
Advantage
58
Jiangxi yuanshangcao flavor Co., Ltd.
Tel
0796-828-2352 18979604038
Email
1182634205@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
302
Advantage
58
Shandong Zouping Xinlong Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
0543-17705431882 13696309696
Fax
0543-4260076
Email
5042407@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
108
Advantage
58
XIAMEN ZNKHNEW MATERIAL CO.,LTD.
Tel
18159822952
Email
19890023282@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
18
Advantage
58
Suzhou Yuanrui Bio-Tech Co., Ltd
Tel
18106132862
Email
info@yuanruibio.com
Country
China
ProdList
291
Advantage
58
Shanghai Boyle Chemical Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-50182298 021-50180596
Fax
+86-21-57758967
Email
sales@boylechem.com
Country
China
ProdList
2208
Advantage
55
J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD.
Tel
18210857532; 18210857532
Fax
86-10-82849933
Email
jkinfo@jkchemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
96815
Advantage
76
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
4006356688 18621169109
Fax
86-21-61259102
Email
market03@meryer.com
Country
China
ProdList
40228
Advantage
62
TCI (Shanghai) Development Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-67121386
Fax
021-67121385
Email
Sales-CN@TCIchemicals.com
Country
China
ProdList
24529
Advantage
81
Beijing HwrkChemical Technology Co., Ltd
Tel
18515581800 18501085097
Fax
010-89508210
Email
sales.bj@hwrkchemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
9400
Advantage
55
Energy Chemical
Tel
021-021-58432009 400-005-6266
Fax
021-58436166
Email
sales8178@energy-chemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
44801
Advantage
61
Capot Chemical Co., Ltd
Tel
+86 (0) 571 85 58 67 18
Fax
0086-571-85864795
Country
China
ProdList
18207
Advantage
66
XiaoGan ShenYuan ChemPharm co,ltd
Tel
15527621225
Email
1791901229@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
6945
Advantage
52
Shandong Xiya Chemical Co., Ltd
Tel
4009903999 13355009207
Fax
0539-6365991
Email
3007715519@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
18729
Advantage
57
Syntechem Co.,Ltd
Tel
Fax
E-Mail Inquiry
Email
info@syntechem.com
Country
China
ProdList
12984
Advantage
57
Sichuan Kulinan Technology Co., Ltd
Tel
400-1166-196 18981987031
Fax
028-84555506 800101999
Email
cdhxsj@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
11705
Advantage
57
Qingdao Frontierchem Co.,Ltd.
Tel
0532-88320311 15966837432
Fax
+86-0532-88320800, QQ: 409143840
Email
sales@qdfrontierchem.com
Country
China
ProdList
16
Advantage
57
Tianjin heowns Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
400 638 7771
Email
sales@heowns.com
Country
China
ProdList
14435
Advantage
57
Maya High Purity Chemicals
Tel
+86 (573) 82222445 (0)18006601000 452520369
Fax
+86 (573) 82222643
Email
sales@maya-r.com
Country
China
ProdList
11707
Advantage
57
Hangzhou Yuhao Chemical Technology Co., Ltd
Tel
0571-82693216
Fax
+86-571-82880190
Email
info@yuhaochemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
6387
Advantage
52
ShangHai YuanYe Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-61312847 13636370518
Fax
021-55068248
Email
shyysw007@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
4999
Advantage
60
Chengdu Ai Keda Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
4008-755-333 18080918076
Fax
028-86757656
Email
800078821@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
9718
Advantage
55
T&W GROUP
Tel
021-61551611 13296011611
Fax
+86 21-50676805
Email
contact@trustwe.com
Country
China
ProdList
9895
Advantage
58
Shanghai civi chemical technology co.,Ltd
Tel
86-21-34053660
Fax
86-21-34053661
Email
sale@labgogo.com
Country
China
ProdList
9865
Advantage
52
Jiangsu Aikon Biopharmaceutical R&D co.,Ltd.
Tel
025-66113011 17798518460
Fax
(1)02557626880
Email
cfzhang@aikonchem.com
Country
China
ProdList
19913
Advantage
55
9ding chemical ( Shanghai) Limited
Tel
4009209199
Fax
86-021-52271987
Email
sales@9dingchem.com
Country
China
ProdList
22514
Advantage
55
Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co.,LTD
Tel
400-6206333 13167063860
Fax
021-50323701
Email
anhua.mao@aladdin-e.com
Country
China
ProdList
25003
Advantage
65
The future of Shanghai Industrial Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-61552785
Fax
021-55660885
Email
sales@shshiji.com
Country
China
ProdList
9546
Advantage
55
Shanghai Ruji Biology Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
+86-21-65211385-8001 36031160
Fax
+86-21-65211385-8004
Email
sales@shruji.com
Country
China
ProdList
3224
Advantage
55
Shanghai Tauto Biotech Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-51320588
Fax
0086-21-51320502
Email
tauto@tautobiotech.com
Country
China
ProdList
3988
Advantage
66
Nanjing Dulai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Tel
025-846993838003-8003 18013301590
Fax
025-84699383-8003
Email
njduly@126.com
Country
China
ProdList
3249
Advantage
55
Chengdu AstaTech Trading Co., Ltd./AstaTech (Chengdu) Pharma. Co., Ltd.
Tel
+86-28-85122536 85324413
Fax
+86-28-85326443
Email
market@astatech.cn
Country
China
ProdList
8026
Advantage
55
TargetMol Chemicals Inc.
Tel
021-021-33632979 15002134094
Fax
021-33632979
Email
marketing@targetmol.com
Country
China
ProdList
7783
Advantage
58
Chengdu Herbpurify Co.Ltd.
Tel
2355253622; 18981954830
Fax
086-28-85377358
Email
2355253622@qq.com;
Country
China
ProdList
1103
Advantage
58
Shanghai BeiZhuo Biotech Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-61119791,13386096464
Fax
021-50190009
Email
bzswkf@foxmail.com
Country
China
ProdList
3921
Advantage
50
Shanghai JONLN Reagent Co., Ltd.
Tel
400-0066400 13621662912
Fax
021-55660885
Email
422131432@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
9979
Advantage
55
Huainan Kedi Chemical Factory
Tel
0554-2106669
Fax
0554-2666215
Email
sales1@kedichem.com
Country
China
ProdList
4924
Advantage
55
Bide Pharmatech Ltd.
Tel
400-164-7117 13681763483
Fax
+86-21-61629029
Email
product02@bidepharm.com
Country
China
ProdList
39966
Advantage
60
ShangHai D&B Biological Science and Technology Co.Ltd
Tel
400-008-9730,021-54359730 400-008-9730
Fax
021-54353864
Email
info@chemxyz.com
Country
China
ProdList
3057
Advantage
60
Shanghai Worldyang Chemical Co.,Ltd.
Tel
021-021-56795766
Fax
+86-21-56795266
Email
sales@worldyachem.com
Country
China
ProdList
9476
Advantage
58
ChemStrong Scientific Co.,Ltd
Tel
0755-0755-66853366 13670046396
Fax
0755-28363542
Email
sales@chem-strong.com
Country
China
ProdList
18333
Advantage
56
Sichuan Wei Keqi Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
028-81700200 18116577057
Fax
028-81705658
Email
3003855609@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
7778
Advantage
56
Chengdu HuaXia Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd
Tel
400-1166-196 13458535857
Fax
QQ:800101999
Email
cdhxsj@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
13350
Advantage
58
Wuxi Zhongkun Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
0510-85629785 18013409632
Fax
051085625359
Email
sales@reading-chemicals.com
Country
China
ProdList
15178
Advantage
58
Shanghai Aspire Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-61317773
Fax
021-61486878
Email
sales@aspirebio.com
Country
China
ProdList
2880
Advantage
58
Shanghai CanSpecsci Instrument Co., Ltd.
Tel
400-6087598 15021221957
Fax
4006087598-8012
Email
order@canspecsci.com
Country
China
ProdList
2001
Advantage
56
Suzhou yacoo science co.,Ltd
Tel
0512-87182056 18013166090
Fax
0512-87182056
Email
lingling.qi@yacoo.com.cn
Country
China
ProdList
6295
Advantage
60
Credit-Chem Co., Ltd.
Tel
400-821-5857 021-64326257
Fax
021-64393586 QQ;2798200800
Email
credit-chem@foxmail.com
Country
China
ProdList
5219
Advantage
58
More
Less

View Lastest Price from Carvacrol manufacturers

Lianyungang Kaiyu Environmental Tech Co., Ltd.
Product
Valerenic acid 499-75-2
Price
US $1200.00-1100.00/ton
Min. Order
1ton
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
1000T/M
Release date
2025-11-04
Lianyungang Kaiyu Environmental Tech Co., Ltd.
Product
Carvacrol 499-75-2
Price
US $1200.00-1100.00/ton
Min. Order
1ton
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
1000T/M
Release date
2025-10-31
HANGZHOU HAILAN CHEMICAL CO.,LTD.
Product
Carvacrol 499-75-2
Price
US $0.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%min
Supply Ability
20tons
Release date
2025-09-11

499-75-2, CarvacrolRelated Search:


  • 1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-isopropylbenzene
  • 2-Hydroxy-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzene
  • 2-hydroxy-4-(2-propyl)toluene
  • 2-hydroxy-p-cymen
  • 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-pheno
  • 5-ISOPROPYL-O-CRESOL
  • 5-ISOPROPYL-2-METHYLPHENOL
  • o-Thymol
  • Oxycymol
  • p-Cymene, 2-hydroxy-
  • Phenol, 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-
  • Phenol, 5-isopropyl-2-methyl-
  • Phenol,2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-
  • 2-METHYL-5-ISOPROPYLPHENOL
  • 2-METHYL-5-(1-METHYLETHYL)PHENOL
  • 2-HYDROXY-4-ISOPROPYL-1-METHYLBENZENE
  • 2-HYDROXY-4-CYMENE
  • 2-HYDROXY-P-CYMENE
  • ISOTHYMOL
  • Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)phenol
  • CYMOPHENOL
  • CARVACROL
  • FEMA 2245
  • Hydroxy-p-cymene
  • P-CYMEN-2-OL
  • Isothymol,95%
  • CARVACROL 98+% FCC
  • 2-para-cymenol
  • 2-p-Cymenol
  • 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pheno
  • 3-Isopropyl-6-methylphenol
  • 5-isopropyl-2-methyl-pheno
  • 5-isopropyl-o-creso
  • 6-methyl-3-isopropylphenol
  • Antioxine
  • Cymenol
  • Isopropyl-o-cresol
  • Isopropylo-cresol
  • Karvakrol
  • o-Cresol, 5-isopropyl-
  • o-cresol,5-isopropyl
  • ISOTHYMOL 99%
  • THYMOL, ISO-
  • CARVACROL(SG)
  • CARVEOL, (-)-(RG)
  • 5-ISOPROPYL-2-METHYLPHENOL 97+%
  • 2-HYDROXY-4-ISOPROPYL-1-METHYLBENZENE 99%
  • CARVACROL WITH GC
  • CARVACROL, NATURAL
  • 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol, 98+%
  • Carvacrol,5-Isopropyl-2-Methylphenol
  • CARVACROL(P)
  • Isothymol 5-Isopropyl-o-cresol 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol
  • 2-HydroxycyMene
  • Carvacrol 98%
  • 2-Cymophenol
  • 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol for synthesis
  • Isopropylhydroxytoluene