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Thymol

Product Name
Thymol
CAS No.
89-83-8
Chemical Name
Thymol
Synonyms
TB;2-ISOPROPYL-5-METHYLPHENOL;Thymol Crystal;THYMOL CRYSTALS;ISOPROPYLMETHYLPHENOL;5-METHYL-2-ISOPROPYLPHENOL;3-Methyl-6-isopropylphenol;2-Hydroxy-1-isopropyl-4-methylbenzene;m-Thymol;THYMOL BLUE TS
CBNumber
CB6672399
Molecular Formula
C10H14O
Formula Weight
150.22
MOL File
89-83-8.mol
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Thymol Property

Melting point:
48-51 °C(lit.)
Boiling point:
232 °C(lit.)
Density 
0.965 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure 
1 mm Hg ( 64 °C)
refractive index 
nD20 1.5227; nD25 1.5204
FEMA 
3066 | THYMOL
Flash point:
216 °F
storage temp. 
2-8°C
solubility 
ethanol: soluble50mg/mL
pka
10.59±0.10(Predicted)
form 
Crystals or Crystalline Powder
color 
White
Odor
Thyme-like odor
PH Range
7
Odor Type
herbal
Water Solubility 
0.1 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
JECFA Number
709
Merck 
14,9399
BRN 
1907135
Stability:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, organic materials, strong bases.
LogP
3.3 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference
89-83-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-(89-83-8)
EPA Substance Registry System
Thymol (89-83-8)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
C,N
Risk Statements 
22-34-51/53
Safety Statements 
26-28-36/37/39-45-61-28A
RIDADR 
UN 3261 8/PG 3
WGK Germany 
2
RTECS 
XP2275000
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
8
PackingGroup 
III
HS Code 
29071900
Hazardous Substances Data
89-83-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 orally in rats: 980 mg/kg (Jenner)
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Danger
Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
W306606
Product name
Thymol
Purity
FCC, FG
Packaging
1kg
Price
$78.7
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
W306606
Product name
Thymol
Purity
FCC, FG
Packaging
10Kg
Price
$421
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
PHL89287
Product name
Thymol
Purity
phyproof? Reference Substance
Packaging
100mg
Price
$262
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
CRM40188
Product name
Thymol solution
Purity
certified reference material, 2000?μg/mL in methanol, ampule of 1?mL
Packaging
1mL
Price
$65.4
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
72477
Product name
Thymol
Purity
analytical standard
Packaging
500mg
Price
$247
Updated
2024/03/01
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Thymol Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

Thymol occurs as colorless or often large translucent crystals, or as a white crystalline powder with a herbal odor (aromatic and thymelike) and a pungent caustic taste.

Chemical Properties

Thymol is the main constituent of thyme and some origanum oils; it also occurs in many other essential oils. It forms colorless crystals (mp 51.5°C) with a spicy, herbal, slightly medicinal odor reminiscent of thyme. Thymol is prepared on a technical scale in a continuous high-temperature, high-pressure, liquid-phase, ortho-alkylation process, fromm-cresol and propylene, in the presence of activated aluminumoxide hydrate.
The crude thymol mixture, consisting of approximately 60% thymol, unreacted m-cresol (about 25%), and other (iso)propyl-substituted products, is separated by fractional distillation. Most of the by-products are recycled.
Thymol is used as a dry top note in lavender compositions, in men’s fragrances, and as a disinfectant in oral care products. It is also important as a startingmaterial for the production of racemic menthol.
Anethole is used in large quantities in the alcoholic beverage industry and in oral hygiene products. Some crude anethole is converted into anisaldehyde.

Chemical Properties

Thymol has a characteristic herbaceous, warm and aromatic odor with a sweet, medicinal, spicy flavor

Occurrence

Reported in the essential oils of Monarda punctata, Satureia thymera, Origanum floribundum, Ocimum viride, Ocimum gratissimum and particularly in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L., T. capitatus, T. serpillum L.), where it is contained up to 50%. Also reported found in citrus peel oils, orange and tangerine juice, bilberry, cranberry, blueberry, papaya, blackberry, celery seed, chive, clove bud, cumin seed, ginger, peppermint oil, corn mint oil, Scotch spearmint oil, nutmeg, parsley, thyme, Gruyere cheese, parmesan cheese, romano cheese, white wine, black tea, plum, sweet and wild marjoram, fenugreek, mango, cardamom, dill herb and seed, licorice, lovage leaf, buckwheat, sweet corn, elder flower, cherimoya, rosemary, lemon balm, Spanish sage, anise hyssop, sweet grass oil, eucalyptus oil and mastic gum oil.

Uses

Thymol is used as a preservative in halothane. It acts as an anesthetic, antiseptic in mouth wash, stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations. It inhibits the growth and lactate production as well as reduces the uptake of cellular glucose within the bacteria. It is an active ingredient in toothpastes like euthymol. It is involved to control varroa mites and prevent fermentation and the growth of mold in bee colonies.

Uses

Thymol is more commonly used in flavor compositions, mainly in toothpaste flavor, cough drops, mouth washes, gargles and chewing gums. It is often used partly for its antiseptic effect in such products. The concentration may vary from 2 to I00 ppm, highest in chewing gums.
A newer use of Thymol is that in imitation Mandarin flavor, since the material was identified in Mandarin peel oil in 1963. It blends excellently with Citrus, Mint, Spice and herbaceous flavor materials or with fruity complexes.

Production Methods

Thymol is obtained from the volatile oil of thyme (Thymus vulgaris Linne′ (Fam. Labiatae)) by fractional distillation followed by extraction and recrystallization. Thyme oil yields about 20–30% thymol. Thymol may also be produced synthetically from pcymene, menthone, or piperitone, or by the interaction of m-cresol with isopropyl chloride.

Definition

thymol: A pungent-smelling colourless crystalline compound, C10H14O;m.p. 51°C. It occurs in various essentialoils, particularly oil of thyme,and can be made by using iron(III)chloride to oxidize piperitone (itselfextracted from eucalyptus oil). Itsantiseptic properties are exploited ingargles and mouthwashes.

Aroma threshold values

Detection: 86 to 790 ppb

Taste threshold values

Phenolic, medicinal, woody and spicy

General Description

Thymol is a monoterpene phenol derivative. It is a key volatile aroma constituent of the essential oil of plants such as thyme, basil, and oregano. It has strong antioxidant, antibacterial, anticarcinogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Pharmaceutical Applications

Thymol is a phenolic antiseptic, which has antibacterial and antifungal activity. However, it is not suitable for use as a preservative in pharmaceutical formulations because of its low aqueous solubility. The antimicrobial activity of thymol against eight oral bacteria has been studied in vitro. Inhibitory activity was noted against almost all organisms, and a synergistic effect was observed for combinations of thymol and eugenol, and of thymol and carvacrol. The activity of thymol against bacteria commonly involved in upper respiratory tract infections has also been shown.
Thymol is a more powerful disinfectant than phenol, but its low water solubility, its irritancy to tissues, and its inactivation by organic material, such as proteins, limit its use as a disinfectant. Thymol is chiefly used as a deodorant in antiseptic mouthwashes, gargles, and toothpastes, such as in Compound Thymol Glycerin BP, in which it has no antiseptic action.
Thymol is also a true antioxidant and has been used at concentrations of 0.01% as an antioxidant for halothane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene. The antioxidant activity of thymol and thymol analogues has been described. More recently, thymol has been shown to enhance the in vitro percutaneous absorption of a number of drugs, including 5- fluorouracil, piroxicam, propranolol, naproxen, and tamoxifen. Studies have also demonstrated that the melting point of lidocaine is significantly lowered when it is mixed with thymol.
The inhalation of thymol, in combination with other volatile substances, is used to alleviate the symptoms of colds, coughs, and associated respiratory disorders. Externally, thymol has been used in dusting powders for the treatment of fungal skin infections; thymol has been shown to have synergistic antifungal effects when combined with ketoconazole. Thymol was formerly used in the treatment of hookworm infections but has now been superseded by less toxic substances.
In dentistry, thymol has been mixed with phenol and camphor to prepare cavities before filling, and mixed with zinc oxide to form a protective cap for dentine.
Thymol has been included in food, perfume, and cosmetic products, and has also been used as a pesticide and fungicide.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Taste at 5 ppm

Clinical Use

Isopropyl m-cresol is extracted from oil of Thymus vulgaris(thyme, of the mint family) by partitioning into alkalineaqueous medium followed by acidification. The crystals obtainedfrom the mother liquor are large and colorless, with athymelike odor. Thymol is only slightly soluble in water,but it is extremely soluble in alcohols and other organic solvents.Thymol has mild fungicidal properties and is used inalcohol solutions and in dusting powders for the treatmentof tinea (ringworm) infections.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. An allergen. Incompatible with acetanilide. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. An FDA over-the-counter drug used as an antibacterial and antifungal agent.

Safety

Thymol is used in cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceutical applications as an excipient. However, thymol may be irritating when inhaled or following contact with the skin or eyes. It may also cause abdominal pain and vomiting, and sometimes stimulation followed by depression of the central nervous system following oral consumption; fats and alcohol increase absorption and aggravate symptoms.
Respiratory arrest, attributed to acute nasal congestion and edema, has been reported in a 3-week-old patient due to the erroneous intranasal application of Karvol, a combination product that includes thymol. The patient recovered, but it was recommended that inhalation decongestants should not be used in children under the age of 5 years.
LD50 (guinea pig, oral): 0.88 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IP): 0.11 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.1 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 0.64 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 0.243 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 0.98 g/kg

storage

Thymol should be stored in well-closed, light-resistant containers, in a cool, dry, place. Thymol is affected by light.

Incompatibilities

Thymol is incompatible with iodine, alkalis, and oxidizing agents. It liquefies, or forms soft masses, on trituration with acetanilide, antipyrine, camphor, monobromated camphor, chloral hydrate, menthol, phenol, or quinine sulfate. The antimicrobial activity of thymol is reduced in the presence of proteins.

Regulatory Status

GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (inhalation, liquid; oral, powder for solution). Included in nonparenteral medicines (topical creams and ointments) licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal Ingredients.

Thymol Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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Thymol Suppliers

Jiangxi Xuesong Natural Medicinal Oil Co. LTD
Tel
18679669723 18679669723
Email
2134411736@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
290
Advantage
58
Inspire-Biotech Co., Ltd.
Tel
0792-; 18070228777
Fax
-
Email
Eric@inspire-biotech.cn
Country
China
ProdList
24
Advantage
58
Jiangxi Baolin Natural Spices Co.Ltd.
Tel
0796-8180428 13576833965
Fax
0796-8116585
Email
1510355607@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
118
Advantage
58
Ji`an Borui Spice Oil Co., Ltd.
Tel
0796-0796-8181760 13361763840
Fax
0796-8186433
Email
3142054383@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
28
Advantage
58
Zhuhai Anzhe Biotechnology Co,Ltd.
Tel
13169972583
Email
513211116@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
3006
Advantage
58
Xi'an Chaobang Biotechnology Co. , Ltd.
Tel
13324615505
Email
976908044@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
239
Advantage
58
J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD.
Tel
010-82848833 400-666-7788
Fax
86-10-82849933
Email
jkinfo@jkchemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
96815
Advantage
76
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-61259108 18621169109
Fax
86-21-61259102
Email
market03@meryer.com
Country
China
ProdList
40228
Advantage
62
Chembest Research Laboratories Limited
Tel
+86-21-20908456
Fax
021-58180499
Email
sales@BioChemBest.com
Country
China
ProdList
6005
Advantage
61
Alfa Aesar
Tel
400-6106006
Fax
021-67582001/03/05
Email
saleschina@alfa-asia.com
Country
China
ProdList
30123
Advantage
84
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View Lastest Price from Thymol manufacturers

Hebei Zhuanglai Chemical Trading Co.,Ltd
Product
Thymol 89-83-8
Price
US $120.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
20ton
Release date
2024-05-10
Watson Biotechnology Co.,Ltd
Product
Thymol 89-83-8
Price
US $0.00-0.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
20MT
Release date
2024-08-14
Changsha Staherb Natural Ingredients Co., Ltd.
Product
Thymol 89-83-8
Price
US $0.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
99% HPLC
Supply Ability
1000KG
Release date
2022-09-27

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