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Isoflurane

Product Name
Isoflurane
CAS No.
26675-46-7
Chemical Name
Isoflurane
Synonyms
Forane;Isoflurane266;2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane;1-CHLORO-2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHYL DIFLUOROMETHYL ETHER;(2R)-2-chloro-2-(difluoroMethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane;IsofL;Forene;Aerrane;Terrell;Isourane
CBNumber
CB8437691
Molecular Formula
C3H2ClF5O
Formula Weight
184.49
MOL File
26675-46-7.mol
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Isoflurane Property

Melting point:
48.5°C
Boiling point:
48.5 °C
Density 
1.510 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor pressure 
238 mmHg ( 20 °C)
refractive index 
1.3002
Flash point:
48-49°C
storage temp. 
2-8°C
solubility 
Practically insoluble in water, miscible with ethanol and trichloroethylene.
color 
Colorless to Almost colorless
Specific Gravity
approximate 1.50
Water Solubility 
Soluble in chloroform and ethyl acetate. Not miscible or difficult to mix in water.
Merck 
14,5175
BRN 
1852087
Stability:
Stable.
InChIKey
PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference
26675-46-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether(26675-46-7)
EPA Substance Registry System
Isoflurane (26675-46-7)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
F,T,Xn
Risk Statements 
36/37/38-67-48/20
Safety Statements 
26-36/37/39-24/25
RIDADR 
UN 3334
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
KN6799000
Hazard Note 
Flammable/Toxic
HS Code 
2909191800
Hazardous Substances Data
26675-46-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
An isomer of enflurane with similar anesthetic properties. Isoflurane has less effect on myocardial function, leaving the cardiovascular system normally responsive to epinephrine or hypercarbia, and it does not cause a marked increase in seizure susceptibility. It was not widely used because of reports that it caused increases in liver neoplasms in mice, but this observation has been challenged and the compound reintroduced.
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements

H336May cause drowsiness or dizziness

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P403+P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

P405Store locked up.

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
Y0000858
Product name
Isoflurane
Purity
European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Packaging
2EA
Price
$161
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
PHR2874
Product name
Isoflurane
Purity
pharmaceutical secondary standard, certified reference material
Packaging
1.2ML
Price
$201
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
792632
Product name
Isoflurane
Packaging
1g
Price
$120
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
1349003
Product name
Isoflurane
Purity
United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Packaging
1ml
Price
$436
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
C2485
Product name
1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl Difluoromethyl Ether
Purity
>98.0%(GC)
Packaging
5g
Price
$50
Updated
2024/03/01
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Isoflurane Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Originator

Forane,Ohio Medical,US,1980

Uses

Isoflurane is a volatile anesthetic agent mainly used to study its interaction with the biological system.

Uses

Isoflurane is a halogenated ether used for inhalational anesthesia. Recent studies suggest that there might be a relationship between administration of isoflurane and postoperative cognitive dysfunct ion (POCD).

Uses

Solvent and dispersant for fluorinated materials.

Definition

ChEBI: Isoflurane is an organofluorine compound. It has a role as an inhalation anaesthetic. It is functionally related to a methoxyethane.

Manufacturing Process

A 1-liter 3-necked stainless steel flask was fitted with a copper "Dry Ice" cold finger condenser, a stainless steel stirring shaft and gland and a copper gas inlet tube. To the flask there was then added 50 g (0.23 mol) of CF3CHClOCHCl2 and 1.5 g of SbCl5 · HF gas was then slowly bubbled through the stirred mixture which was maintained at 0°C. The reaction was run until 0.35 mol of HCl was collected, as indicated by the titration of the effluent gas which was dissolved in water. Following the fluorination 26 g of material were recovered and determined to be 90% pure by vapor phase chromatography. Fractional distillation using a 30 x 0.5 cm column packed with glass helices gave the pure product, BP 48°C to 48.5°C.

brand name

Forane (Baxter Healthcare).

Therapeutic Function

Inhalation anesthetic

Biological Functions

Isoflurane (Forane) is a structural isomer of enflurane and produces similar pharmacological properties: some analgesia, some neuromuscular blockade, and depressed respiration. In contrast, however, isoflurane is considered a particularly safe anesthetic in patients with ischemic heart disease, since cardiac output is maintained, the coronary arteries are dilated, and the myocardium does not appear to be sensitized to the effects of catecholamines. Also, blood pressure falls as a result of vasodilation, which preserves tissue blood flow. Isoflurane causes transient and mild tachycardia by direct sympathetic stimulation; this is particularly important in the management of patients with myocardial ischemia.
Unlike enflurane, isoflurane does not produce a seizurelike EEG pattern. Furthermore, the metabolic transformation of isoflurane is only one-tenth that of enflurane, so fluoride production is quite low. Among the halogenated hydrocarbons, isoflurane is one of the most popular, since it preserves cardiovascular stability and causes a low incidence of untoward effects.

General Description

Isoflurane is a volatile liquid (bp=48.5°C) with an MAC of1.15, a blood:gas partition coefficient of 1.43 and high solubilityin fat. Isoflurane is a structural isomer of enflurane. Itis a known respiratory irritant, but less so than desflurane.Approximately 0.2% of the administered drug undergoesmetabolism, the rest is exhaled unchanged. The metabolismof isoflurane yields low levels of the nephrotoxic fluoride ionas well as a potentially hepatotoxic trifluoroacetylating compound). The relatively low concentrations ofthese compounds have resulted in very low risks of hepatotoxicityand nephrotoxicity. There have been no reports ofseizures caused by isoflurane and only transient increases inheart rate have been reported.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Isoflurane is a tandem pore potassium channel activator. It is also a very widely used anesthetic for animal research and for in vitro studies on anesthesia mechanisms.

Clinical Use

Isoflurane was introduced in the United States in 1981 and is a potent anesthetic agent with many similarities to its isomer enflurane (potent, nonflammable, and intermediate blood solubility). It does produce significantly fewer cardiovascular effects than enflurane, however, and it can be used safely with epinephrine without as great a concern for arrhythmia production. Isoflurane has a more pungent odor than halothane and, thus, can cause irritation to the throat and respiratory tract, triggering coughing and laryngospasm. To overcome this problem, it often is supplemented with intravenous agents. Less than 0.2% of an administered dose is metabolized, mostly to fluoride and trifluoroacetic acid. Some minimal potential for hepatotoxicity is associated with a trifluoroacetyl halide metabolite.

Synthesis

Isoflurane is prepared by chlorination of 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxydifluoromethane, itself obtained by alkylation of trifluoroethanol with difluorochloromethane , :

Synthesis

Isoflurane is prepared by chlorination of 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxydifluoromethane, itself obtained by alkylation of trifluoroethanol with difluorochloromethane , :

Veterinary Drugs and Treatments

Isoflurane is an inhalant anesthetic that has some distinct advantages over either halothane or methoxyflurane due to its lessened myocardial depressant and catecholamine sensitizing effects, and the ability to use it safely in patients with either hepatic or renal disease. Isoflurane’s higher cost than either methoxyflurane or halothane is a disadvantage.
Horses may recover more rapidly than with halothane, but be more susceptible to anesthetic associated- myopathy.

Isoflurane Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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View Lastest Price from Isoflurane manufacturers

Hebei Duling International Trade Co. LTD
Product
Isoflurane 26675-46-7
Price
US $1.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
300MT/month
Release date
2022-11-23
Wuhan Boyuan Import & Export Co., LTD
Product
Isoflurane 26675-46-7
Price
US $20.00-10.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99.60%
Supply Ability
50tons
Release date
2023-12-11
Hebei Ningnan Trade Co. LTD
Product
Isoflurane 26675-46-7
Price
US $10.00/G
Min. Order
1G
Purity
99.99%
Supply Ability
20MT
Release date
2022-10-24

26675-46-7, IsofluraneRelated Search:


  • Isoflurane266
  • ether,1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyldifluoromethyl
  • Forane
  • Forene
  • r-e235dal
  • 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether 99%
  • 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyldifluoromethylether99%
  • 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethan
  • 2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • Aerrane
  • chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • chloro-2,2,2-trifluorodifluoromethylether
  • Compd 469
  • Compound 469
  • Ethane, 1-chloro-1-(difluoromethoxy)-2,2,2-trifluoro-
  • Ethane, 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-
  • Ether, 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl
  • Difluoromethyl 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether (Isoflurane)
  • Isourane
  • IsofL
  • Difluoromethyl 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether
  • Ethane, 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro- (9CI)
  • HCFE 235da2
  • R-E 235da1
  • ISOFLUORENE
  • 1-CHLORO-2,2,2-trifiuoroethyl dinuoromethyl ether
  • Isourane (1 mL)
  • Isoflurane (1 mL)
  • (2R)-2-chloro-2-(difluoroMethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • 2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Isoflurane
  • 1-CHLORO-2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHYL DIFLUOROMETHYL ETHER
  • ISOFLURANE
  • 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether
  • 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyldrfluoromethylether
  • Isoflurane CRS
  • Isoflurane RS
  • lsoflurane
  • HSDB 8057
  • HSDB8057
  • HSDB-8057
  • Terrell
  • Isoflurane (1349003)
  • 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether, 98+%
  • 26675-46-7
  • C3H2CIF5O
  • CF3CHClOCHF2