Thymine Physiological function The Four DNA Bases Chemical properties Uses
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Thymine

Thymine Physiological function The Four DNA Bases Chemical properties Uses
Product Name
Thymine
CAS No.
65-71-4
Chemical Name
Thymine
Synonyms
5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione;THYMIN;5-METHYLURACIL;5-Methyl-2,4-dioxypyrimidine;Zidovudine Related CoMpound C;2,4-DIHYDROXY-5-METHYLPYRIMIDINE;5-Methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione;2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl-;hymine;THYMINE
CBNumber
CB8854081
Molecular Formula
C5H6N2O2
Formula Weight
126.11
MOL File
65-71-4.mol
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Thymine Property

Melting point:
~320 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Boiling point:
234.21°C (rough estimate)
Density 
1.3541 (rough estimate)
refractive index 
1.5090 (estimate)
storage temp. 
Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility 
DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly, Heated)
form 
Powder
pka
9.94(at 25℃)
color 
White
Water Solubility 
Soluble in hot water. Slightly soluble in alcohol.
Decomposition 
335 °C
Merck 
14,9398
BRN 
607626
Stability:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey
RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
-0.620
CAS DataBase Reference
65-71-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Thymine(65-71-4)
EPA Substance Registry System
Thymine (65-71-4)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
Xi
Risk Statements 
36-36/37/38
Safety Statements 
22-24/25-37/39-26
WGK Germany 
2
RTECS 
XP2100000
TSCA 
Yes
HS Code 
29335990
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

Precautionary statements

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P332+P313IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P337+P313IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
PHR1345
Product name
Thymine
Purity
Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Packaging
250mg
Price
$126
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
1724532
Product name
Zidovudine Related Compound C
Purity
United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Packaging
100mg
Price
$1380
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
T0234
Product name
Thymine
Purity
>98.0%(HPLC)(T)
Packaging
5g
Price
$18
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
T0234
Product name
Thymine
Purity
>98.0%(HPLC)(T)
Packaging
25g
Price
$35
Updated
2024/03/01
Alfa Aesar
Product number
A15879
Product name
Thymine, 97%
Packaging
25g
Price
$54.3
Updated
2024/03/01
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Thymine Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Thymine

Thymine, also known as 5-methyl uracil, the earliest isolated from calf thymus and then got the name, and is the major pyrimidine component of deoxyribonucleic acid. And it can be linked with deoxyribose through the glycoside chain to form deoxythymidine, the triphosphate of deoxythymidine triphosphate, the triphosphoric acid of which can compound to deoxythymidine triphosphate, which is a precursor of thymine during deoxyribonucleic acid biosynthesis.

Figure 1 the structure of thymine.

Physiological function

Nucleotides consist of bases, pentoses and phosphates, and constitute the basic unit of biological macromolecular nucleic acid. According to the difference of pentose in nucleotide composition, nucleotides can be divided into ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides, and there constitute the two types of nucleic acids: ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The Compositions of nucleotide base are two categories, pyrimidine and purine. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered heterocyclic organic compound containing two nitrogen atoms. Common pyrimidine bases in nucleotides are cytosine (C), uracil (V) and thymine (T). Purine is a heterocyclic compound with four-nitrogen. Adenine (A) and bird purine (G) are the major purine bases that make up the nucleotides.Purine and pyrimidine are heterocyclic nitrogen-containing compounds that are necessary for biological (including human) nucleic acid metabolism. Purine, pyrimidine and ribose and phosphate combine to form RNA; purine, pyrimidine and deoxyribose and phosphate combine to produce DNA.DNA is the main chemical constituent of genes, which plays an important role in the transmission of genes, and the main function of RNA is the regulation of intracellular protein synthesis. the final metabolism product of Purine is mainly uric acid. The clinically relevant purines are adenine and guanine. Important pyrimidines are thymine, cytosine and uracil. In the purine and pyrimidine metabolism must have all kinds of enzymes involved in to make the metabolic process according to normal procedure, the lack of any kind of these enzymes can cause the corresponding purine or pyrimidine metabolic disorders, resulting in clinical-specific symptoms such as whey aciduria Xanthineuria and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Others, such as primary children with gout; uraemia with partial phosphoribosyl transferase deficiency; female intelligence retardation, mutations and hyperuricemia syndrome; 2,8-dehydroadenurine and deaminase deficiency in children is rare.
This information was edited by Chemicalbook Xiao Nan (2015-08-03).

The Four DNA Bases

There are four bases that support the formation of DNA. They are thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine and are also known by the acronyms T, A, G, and C. These bases are attracted to one another and form specific partnerships to help in the creation of DNA. DNA is a small molecule found in every cell of your body and is responsible for writing your body's genetic information.
DNA is best visualized by picturing a long, twisted, spiraling ladder. The inner portion of the ladder is constructed of rungs. If you picture the four bases of DNA as rungs that assist with the formation of the ladder, you can get a solid understanding of how the bases hold the DNA structure together. Just as the rungs have a responsibility to stabilize the ladder, the bases have a responsibility to stabilize the structure of DNA.
Thymine is an interesting base because it is the only one of the four bases found exclusively inside of DNA. The other bases are also found in RNA, which is often thought of DNA's cousin because of the close relationship and joint assistance the two often share genetic information transfer process.

Chemical properties

White crystalline powder, insoluble in water at room temperature, slightly soluble in alcohol, soluble in alkali, acid, formamide, DMF and pyridine. Melting point is 320-330 ° C.

Uses

(1) Thymine, along with adenine, guanine, and cytosine, is one of the four nucleic acid bases in DNA; thymine can be used to study chemical processes that affect DNA structure, such as a radiation-induced free radical product resulting in base cross-linking reaction and derivatization reaction. Thymine can be used to study the energy and hydrogen bonding kinetic parameters with other nucleic acid bases such as adenine; thymine is used for the development of (Hg) detectors with sensitive, nanoparticle-based structures and coordination chemistry.
(2) 5-methyl pyrimidine is an important component of genetic material, is the key intermediates of synthestising anti-AIDS drugs AZT, DDT and related drugs key intermediates, but also the starting material of synthetising anti-tumor, antiviral drug β-thymidine.

Chemical Properties

White, crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in hot water; insoluble in coldwater, alcohol; sparingly soluble in ether; readily soluble in alkalies.

Uses

Thymine is a nitrogenous base component in the nucleic acid of DNA.

Uses

A nucleobase found in deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA).

Uses

Thymine (Zidovudine EP Impurity C) is a nitrogenous base component in the nucleic acid of DNA.

Definition

A nitrogenous base found in DNA. It has a PYRIMIDINE ring structure.

Definition

thymine: A pyrimidine derivativeand one of the major componentbases of nucleotides and the nucleicacid DNA.

Definition

ChEBI: A pyrimidine nucleobase that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a methyl group.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 25, p. 149, 1960 DOI: 10.1021/jo01071a612

General Description

Thymine (Zidovudine Related Compound C) is a process related impurity of antiretroviral drug zidovudine. Zidovudine belongs to the class of drugs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and is generally used in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Thymine used in studying DNA structure byirradtaion methods leading to cross-linking reactions and derivitizations. Thymine dimers are indicative of DNA damage. Thymine is used with metal (mercury) to form thymine?HgII?thymine (T?HgII?T) duplexes. Thymine starvation in bacteria leads to halt in DNA synthesis and is referred as thymine-less death.

Purification Methods

Crystallise thymine from EtOAc, 10% aqueous EtOH or water. It has m 318-320o after sublimation at 200o/12mm. Purify it by preparative (2mm thick) TLC plates of silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate/isopropanol/water (75:16:9, v/v; RF 0.75). The desired spot is localated with a uv lamp, cut the band from the plate, place it in MeOH, shake and filter it through a millipore filter, then evaporate. [Infante et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 68 1586 1973, Beilstein 24 H 353, 24 I 330, 24 II 183, 24 III/IV 1292.]

Thymine Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Ethanol Urea Butyl acetate Hydrochloric acid Acetic acid Methanol Methyl methacrylate

Preparation Products

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View Lastest Price from Thymine manufacturers

Xinxiang Aurora Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.
Product
Thymine 65-71-4
Price
US $0.00-0.00/Kg
Min. Order
1Kg
Purity
98%
Supply Ability
20Ton
Release date
2024-10-31
WUHAN FORTUNA CHEMICAL CO., LTD
Product
Thymine 65-71-4
Price
US $0.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%min
Supply Ability
1000kg
Release date
2023-01-13
Baoji Guokang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd.
Product
Thymine 65-71-4
Price
US $108.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
98%
Supply Ability
1-10mt
Release date
2021-06-04

65-71-4, ThymineRelated Search:

1,3-Dimethylurea 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone Butylated Hydroxytoluene 2,4-Dichloro-5-methylpyrimidine 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid 3-Diethylaminophenol Chrysin Triclosan Solvent Red 43 Sulfamerazine Pirimiphos-methyl 5-Methyluridine Stavudine ZIDOVUDINE RELATED COMPOUND B (25 MG) (3'-CHLORO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE) 5,5'-Bis(2-(4-(benzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-6,6'-dichloro-3-hydroxy-3,3'-biindoline-2,2'-dione 6-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazol[1,2-a]-pyridine-3-acetic acid Thymidine Zidovudine

  • 4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione,5-methyl-2
  • 5-Methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione
  • 5-Methyl-2,4-dioxypyrimidine
  • 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione
  • thymin(purinebase)
  • THYMIN
  • THYMINE
  • LABOTEST-BB LT00848102
  • 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl-
  • THYMINE extrapure
  • 1-Thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one, 8-[3-(2-chloro-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl]-
  • 1-Thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one, 8-[3-(2-chlorophenothiazin-10-yl)propyl]-
  • 8-[3-(2-Chlorophenothiazin-10-yl)propyl]-1-thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one
  • Clospirazine
  • 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
  • Thymine,2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine, 5-Methyluracil
  • 2,6-Dioxy-5-Methyl- pyriMidine
  • Zidovudine Related CoMpound C
  • 5-Methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
  • 5-Methylpyridine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione
  • ThyMine, 99% 100GR
  • ThyMine, 99% 25GR
  • ThyMine, 99% 5GR
  • Zidovudine EP IMpurity C
  • 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione,5-methyl-
  • 2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidin
  • 3h)-pyrimidinedione,5-methyl-4(1h
  • METHYL(5-) URACIL
  • 5-METHYLPYRIMIDINE-2,4-DIOL
  • 5-METHYLURACIL
  • 5-METHYL-2,4-DIHYDROXYPYRIMIDINE
  • 5-METHYL-1,2,4-DIHYDROXYPYRIMIDINE
  • 2,4-DIHYDROXY-5-METHYLPYRIMIDINE
  • 2,4-DIHYDROXY-5-METHYLPYRIMIDINE 5-METHYLURACIL
  • 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl- (9CI)
  • D-THYMIDINE
  • THYMINE PLANT CELL CULTURE TESTED
  • THYMINE CELL CULTURE TESTED
  • Thymine,>99%
  • ThymineForBiochemistry99+%
  • Thymine(5-MethylUracil)
  • Thymine, 97+%
  • Thymine Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%
  • Stavudine Impurit Ⅰ:5-Methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione( Thymine)
  • Zidovudine ImpuritⅢ:ThyMine
  • Zidovudine and Lamivudine Tablets Impurit Ⅲ:ThyMine
  • Thymine(Zidovudine Related Compound C)
  • Zidovudine EP Impurity C(Thymine)
  • Zidovudine Impurity 3(Zidovudine EP Impurity C)
  • Thymine &gt
  • hymine
  • Stavudine EP impurity A
  • Stavudine EP Impurity A (Zidovudine EP Impurity C/ Zidovudine Related Compound C/ Thymine)
  • Zidovudine EP Impurity C/ Zidovudine Related Compound C (Stavudine EP Impurity A/ Thymine)
  • Zidovudine Impurity CQ: What is Zidovudine Impurity C Q: What is the CAS Number of Zidovudine Impurity C Q: What is the storage condition of Zidovudine Impurity C Q: What are the applications of Zidovudine Impurity C
  • Thymine 98% (HPLC)
  • Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
  • Zidovudine Related Compound C (thymine) (1724532)