ChemicalBook > CAS DataBase List > 1,4-Dichlorobenzene

1,4-Dichlorobenzene

Product Name
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
CAS No.
106-46-7
Chemical Name
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Synonyms
Dichlorobenzene;p-Dichlorobenzene;PARA;PDB;PDCB;1,4-dcb;DICHLOROBENZENES;PARA DICHLOROBENZENE;p-Diclorobenzene;Paradichlorbenzol
CBNumber
CB9329690
Molecular Formula
C6H4Cl2
Formula Weight
147
MOL File
106-46-7.mol
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1,4-Dichlorobenzene Property

Melting point:
52-54 °C (lit.)
Boiling point:
173 °C (lit.)
Density 
1.241 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density 
5.07 (vs air)
vapor pressure 
1.03 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index 
1.5434
Flash point:
150 °F
storage temp. 
2-8°C
solubility 
0.08g/l
form 
Crystals
color 
White
Specific Gravity
1.2417
Odor
Aromatic.
PH
7 (0.06g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit
1.7-5.9%(V)
Water Solubility 
insoluble
Merck 
14,3057
BRN 
1680023
Henry's Law Constant
1.88 at 25 °C (continuous flow sparger, Sproule et al., 1991)
Dielectric constant
2.8（53℃）
Exposure limits
TLV-TWA 75 ppm (～450 mg/m3) (MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); IDLH 1000 ppm (NIOSH).
Stability:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, aluminium and its alloys, some plastics.
LogP
3.37 at 25℃ and pH7
CAS DataBase Reference
106-46-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Benzene, 1,4-dichloro-(106-46-7)
IARC
2B (Vol. Sup 7, 73) 1999
EPA Substance Registry System
p-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
Xn,N,T,F
Risk Statements 
36-40-50/53-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
Safety Statements 
36/37-46-60-61-45-16-7
RIDADR 
UN 3077 9/PG 3
WGK Germany 
2
RTECS 
CZ4550000
Autoignition Temperature
>500 °C
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
9
PackingGroup 
III
HS Code 
29036100
Hazardous Substances Data
106-46-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 in male, female rats (mg/kg): 3863, 3790 orally; >6000, >6000 dermally (Gaines, Linder)
IDLA
150 ppm
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H351Suspected of causing cancer

H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P202Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P308+P313IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.03226
Product name
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
100g
Price
$33.3
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.03226
Product name
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
2.5kg
Price
$98.6
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
40025
Product name
1,4-Dichlorobenzene solution
Purity
certified reference material, 5000?μg/mL in methanol
Packaging
1mL
Price
$62.1
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.03226
Product name
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
1kg
Price
$52.6
Updated
2023/06/20
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
35775
Product name
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Purity
PESTANAL
Packaging
1g
Price
$21.3
Updated
2022/05/15
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1,4-Dichlorobenzene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

1,4-Dichlorobenzene (also known as p-dichlorobenzene) is a chlorinated aromatic compound with a distinctive aromatic odor that is very strong at high concentrations. It is a white or colorless crystal at room temperature (Akron 2009, HSDB 2009). 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is practically insoluble in water; soluble in chloroform, carbon disulfide, benzene, and ether; and very soluble in ethanol and acetone. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is noncorrosive, volatile, and combustible, and it is flammable when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. When it is heated to decomposition, toxic gases and vapors (such as hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide) are released (HSDB 2009). It is stable at room temperature under normal handling and storage in closed containers (Akron 2009).
1,4-Dichlorobenzene is the primary ingredient in mothballs and deodorant cakes placed in toilet bowls, urinals, and animal holding facilities. People may also use it to control lice and mites in and around birdcages. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is used as an insecticide on fruit and is used to control mold and mildew growth on tobacco seeds, leather, and certain fabrics. It is also approved for controlling wax moths in empty, stored beehives.

Chemical Properties

There are three isomeric forms of dichlorobenzene (DCB): m-DCB is a flammable liquid and vapor.

Physical properties

Colorless to white crystals with a penetrating, sweet, mothball or almond-like odor. At 40 °C, the average odor threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at which an odor was detected were 18 and 4.5 μg/L, respectively. Similarly, at 25 °C, the average taste threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at which a taste was detected were 32 and 11 μg/L, respectively (Young et al., 1996). A detection odor threshold concentration of 73 μg/m3 (121 ppbv) was reported by Punter (1983).

Uses

1,4-Dichlorobenzene is used to make mothballs and solid deodorant blocks for garbage cans and restrooms. It is also used to control odors in places where animals are held. It has been used as an insecticide on fruit, and to control mold and mildew on tobacco seeds, leather and some fabrics. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is sent into the air by plants that make or use it and a small amount is released to soil and water. This chemical can also be detected in indoor air where products containing 1,4-Dichlorobenzene are used.

Application

1,4-Dichlorobenzene is used as a fumigantand as an insecticide. For domestic use against clothes moths; as space deodorant in room deodorizers, toilet bowl blocks and diaper pail deodorizers. Intermediate in production of plastics for electronic components.

Definition

ChEBI: 1,4-dichlorobenzene is a dichlorobenzene carrying chloro groups at positions 1 and 4. It has a role as an insecticide.

Preparation

1,4-Dichlorobenzene was first produced commercially in the United States in 1915 (IARC 1982). It is produced by reacting liquid benzene with gaseous chlorine in the presence of a catalyst at moderate temperature and atmospheric pressure. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is used mainly as a fumigant for the control of moths, molds, and mildews, and as a space deodorant for toilets and refuse containers.

Synthesis Reference(s)

Chemistry Letters, 8, p. 939, 1979
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 48, p. 250, 1983 DOI: 10.1021/jo00150a020
Tetrahedron Letters, 23, p. 371, 1982 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)86833-1

General Description

A white colored liquid with the odor of moth balls. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Flash point below 200°F. Used as a moth repellent, to make other chemicals, as a fumigant, and for many other uses.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

1,4-Dichlorobenzene is incompatible with oxidizing agents. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is also incompatible with aluminum and its alloys. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene liquefies when mixed with camphor, phenol and salol. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. .

Health Hazard

Toxic symptoms are headache, weakness,dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss ofweight, and injury to liver and kidney. Thesesymptoms occur from repeated inhalationof high concentrations of vapors or fromingestion. The vapors are an irritant to theeyes, throat, and skin. Chronic exposure maycause jaundice and cirrhosis. The oral LD50value in mice is in the range 3000 mg/kg.The fatal oral dose in humans is estimated tobe 40–50 g. Carcinogenic studies on animalshave not produced adequate evidence of anycancer-causing action.

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Vapors are irritating. Toxic chlorine, hydrogen chloride, and phosgene gases may be generated in fires.

Trade name

DowTHERM®; EVOLA; PARACIDE®; PARA CRYSTALS®; PARADI®; PARADOW®; PARAMOTH®; PARANUGGETS®; PARAZENE®; PERSIA-PERAZOL®; SANTOCHLOR®; Mixed isomers: DILATIN DBI®; MOTTENSCHUTZMITTEL EVAU P®; MOTT-EX®; TOTAMOTT®

Safety Profile

There is limited evidence that 1,4-dichlorobenzene can damage a developing fetus. Exposure can damage the lungs, liver, kidneys, and blood cells, causing anemia; it can also cause swelling of the eyes, hands, and feet. It can damage the nervous system, causing weakness, trembling, and numbness in the arms and legs. It may cause a skin allergy, which when developed can cause itching and a skin rash. Higher levels of the chemical in air, such as the levels that are sometimes associated with industrial exposure, can cause headaches, nausea, clumsiness, slurred speech, and dizziness. Levels that would result in death would be associated with an odor so intense that it would be very unpleasant, if not intolerable, and would serve as a danger warning. In industrial situations, workers exposed to 1,4-dichlorobenzene at high levels are usually directed to wear respirators. Workers involved in the production of the chemical may be exposed to concentrations significantly higher than those encountered by the general population. High exposure levels may result from some consumer products of moth repellents and room deodorizers. Approximately 95% of the environmental release of 1,4-dichlorobenzene occurs during its use, rather than during its manufacture or processing.

Potential Exposure

The major uses of o-DCB are as a process solvent in the manufacturing of toluene diisocyanate and as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyestuffs, herbicides, and degreasers. p-Dichlorbenzene is used primarily as a moth repellant, a mildew control agent; space deodorant; and in insecticides, which accounts for 90% of the total production of this isomer. Information is not available concerning the production and use of m-DCB. However, it may occur as a contaminant of o-or p-DCB formulations. Both o-and p-isomers are produced almost entirely as by-products during the production of monochlorobenzene

Carcinogenicity

1,4-Dichlorobenzene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

Metabolic pathway

1,4-Dichlorobenzene undergoes degradation by the Xanthobacter flavus 14p1 isolated from river sludge by selective enrichment with 1,4-dichlorobenzene, resulting in the degradation products 3,6-dichloro-cis- 1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene and 3,6- dichlorocatechol. 2,5-Dichloromuconic acid and 2- chloromaleylacetic acid, as well as the decarboxylation product 2-chloroacetoacrylic acid, are identified after enzymatic conversion of 3,6-dichlorocatechol.

Shipping

m-DCB: UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. United States DOT Regulated Marine Pollutant. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solis, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical NameRequired. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required

Purification Methods

o-Dichlorobenzene is a common impurity. The p-isomer has been purified by steam distillation, crystallisation from EtOH or boiling MeOH, air-dried and dried in the dark under vacuum. It has also been purified by zone refining. [Beilstein 5 IV 658.]

Incompatibilities

For o-DCB and m-DCB: acid fumes, chlorides, strong oxidizers; hot aluminum, or aluminum alloys. For p-DCB: Strong oxidizers; although, incompatibilities for this chemical may also include other materials listed for o-DCB.

Waste Disposal

Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal

1,4-Dichlorobenzene Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Antimony Chlorine High efficiency packed tower Benzene p-Dichlorobenzene DICHLOROBENZENE MIXTURE 1,3-Dichlorobenzene Ortho-dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichlorobenzene

Preparation Products

POLY(1,4-PHENYLENE SULFIDE) 2,5-Dichloronitrobenzene
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Americas 1 Australia 2 Belgium 3 Canada 2 China 376 Europe 4 France 6 Germany 13 Hungary 1 India 64 Indonesia 1 Italy 2 Japan 12 Malaysia 1 Mexico 3 Norway 1 Poland 1 Singapore 1 Slovakia 1 South Korea 2 Spain 1 Switzerland 2 The Netherlands 1 Ukraine 1 United Arab Emirates 1 United Kingdom 18 United States 68 Global 589
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View Lastest Price from 1,4-Dichlorobenzene manufacturers

Hebei Zhuanglai Chemical Trading Co.,Ltd
Product
1, 4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7
Price
US $120.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
10ton
Release date
2024-05-21
Wuxi High Mountain Hi-tech Development Co.,Ltd.
Product
Paradichlorobenzene 106-46-7
Price
US $100.00-2000.00/kg bag
Min. Order
1000kg bag
Purity
0.99
Supply Ability
30000MT per year
Release date
2024-12-06
Hebei Weibang Biotechnology Co., Ltd
Product
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7
Price
US $1.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
10 mt
Release date
2024-10-28

106-46-7, 1,4-DichlorobenzeneRelated Search:

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  • P- DICHLOROBENZNE
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  • DI-CHLORICIDE
  • DI-CHLORICIDE(R)
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