1,3-Dichlorobenzene Property

Melting point:

-25--22 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

172-173 °C (lit.)

Density 

1.288 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

vapor pressure 

5 mm Hg ( 38.8 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.546(lit.)

Flash point:

146 °F

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

Difficult to mix.

form 

Liquid

color 

Clear colorless to slightly yellow

Odor

Pleasant odor

Water Solubility 

0.0123 g/100 mL (25 ºC)

FreezingPoint 

-24℃

Merck 

14,3055

BRN 

956618

Henry's Law Constant

2.14 at 20.00 °C (inert gas stripping, Hovorka and Dohnal, 1997)

Stability:

Stability Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, aluminium, aluminium alloys. Moisture-sensitive.

InChIKey

ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS DataBase Reference

541-73-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

IARC

3 (Vol. 73) 1999

NIST Chemistry Reference

Benzene, 1,3-dichloro-(541-73-1)

EPA Substance Registry System

m-Dichlorobenzene (541-73-1)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xn,N,T,F

Risk Statements 

22-51/53-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11

Safety Statements 

61-45-36/37-16-7

RIDADR 

UN 3082 9/PG 3

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

CZ4499000

Autoignition Temperature

>500 °C

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1(b)

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29036990

Hazardous Substances Data

541-73-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 580 mg/kg

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H225Highly Flammable liquid and vapour

H227Combustible liquid

H302Harmful if swallowed

H370Causes damage to organs

H373May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P314Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.

P391Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment

P403+P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

P403+P235Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

1,3-Dichlorobenzene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Chemical Properties

There are three isomeric forms of dichlorobenzene (DCB): m-DCB is a flammable liquid and vapor.

Physical properties

Clear, colorless liquid with a disinfectant or musty-type odor. At 40 °C, the average odor threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at which an odor was detected were 170 and 177 μg/L, respectively. At 25 °C, the lowest concentration at which a taste was detected was 190 μg/L, respectively (Young et al., 1996).

Uses

Fumigant and insecticide; organic synthesis.

Uses

1,3-Dichlorobenzene is used in medicine, and dyes. And it is also used to study the effect of solvent vapor pressure on the vertical nanowire of C60 molecules1. 1,3-Dichlorobenzene, a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon, can be detected in environmental samples using an advanced Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) sensor.

Uses

Definition

ChEBI: A dichlorobenzene carrying chloro substituents at positions 1 and 3.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 48, p. 250, 1983 DOI: 10.1021/jo00150a020

General Description

Colorless liquid. Sinks in water.

Air & Water Reactions

1,3-Dichlorobenzene is sensitive to moisture. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

1,3-Dichlorobenzene is incompatible with oxidizing agents and aluminum and its alloys. Above the flash point, explosive vapor-air mixtures may be formed.

Health Hazard

INHALATION: Causes headache, drousiness, unsteadiness. Irritating to mucous membranes. EYES: Severe irritation. SKIN: Severe irritation. INGESTION: Irritation of gastric mucosa, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps and cyanosis.

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating vapors including hydrogen chloride are produced.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-. See also oDICHLOROBENZENE and p DICHLOROBENZENE.

Potential Exposure

The major uses of o-DCB are as a process solvent in the manufacturing of toluene diisocyanate and as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyestuffs, herbicides, and degreasers. p-Dichlorbenzene is used primarily as a moth repellant, a mildew control agent; space deodorant; and in insecticides, which accounts for 90% of the total production of this isomer. Information is not available concerning the production and use of m-DCB. However, it may occur as a contaminant of o-or p-DCB formulations. Both o-and p-isomers are produced almost entirely as by-products during the production of monochlorobenzene

Environmental Fate

Biological. When 1,3-dichlorobenzene was statically incubated in the dark at 25 °C with yeast extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum, significant biodegradation with gradual acclimation was followed by a deadaptive process in subsequent subcultures. At a concentration of 5 mg/L, 59, 69, 39, and 35% losses were observed after 7, 14, 21, and 28-d incubation periods, respectively. At a concentration of 10 mg/L, percent losses were virtually unchanged. After 7, 14, 21, and 28-d incubation periods, percent losses were 58, 67, 31, and 33, respectively (Tabak et al., 1981).
Photolytic. The sunlight irradiation of 1,3-dichlorobenzene (20 g) in a 100-mL borosilicate glass-stoppered Erlenmeyer flask for 56 d yielded 520 ppm trichlorobiphenyl (Uyeta et al., 1976).
Chemical/Physical. Anticipated products from the reaction of 1,3-dichlorobenzene with atmospheric ozone or OH radicals are chlorinated phenols, ring cleavage products, and nitro compounds (Cupitt, 1980). Based on an assumed base-mediated 1% disappearance after 16 d at 85 oC and pH 9.70 (pH 11.26 at 25 oC), the hydrolysis half-life was estimated to be >900 yr (Ellington et al., 1988). 1,3-Dichlorobenzene (0.17–0.23 mM) reacted with OH radicals in water (pH 8.7) at a rate of 5.0 x 10⁹/M·sec (Haag and Yao, 1992).

Shipping

m-DCB: UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. United States DOT Regulated Marine Pollutant. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solis, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical NameRequired. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required

Purification Methods

Wash it with aqueous 10% NaOH, then with water until neutral, dry and distil it. Conductivity material (ca 10-10 mhos) has been prepared by refluxing over P2O5 for 8hours, then fractionally distilling, and storing with activated alumina. m-Dichlorobenzene dissolves rubber stoppers. [Beilstein 5 IV 657.]

Incompatibilities

For o-DCB and m-DCB: acid fumes, chlorides, strong oxidizers; hot aluminum, or aluminum alloys. For p-DCB: Strong oxidizers; although, incompatibilities for this chemical may also include other materials listed for o-DCB.

Waste Disposal

Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal