Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H311Toxic in contact with skin

H315Causes skin irritation

H331Toxic if inhaled

H332Harmful if inhaled

H400Very toxic to aquatic life

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P311Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.

P312Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.

P321Specific treatment (see … on this label).

P322Specific measures (see …on this label).

P330Rinse mouth.

P332+P313IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P361Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.

P362Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

P391Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment

P403+P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

P405Store locked up.

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

Pepper (Piper), P. methysticum, ext. Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Composition

1. Lactones The main active ingredients in kava pepper are fat-soluble resins, most of which are α-pyrone derivatives, namely Kavalactones: Methysticin, Dihydrodrizzle Dihydrokawain (DHK), Kawain, Methoxy-Kawain (Yangonin), Dihydromethysticin (DHM), Desmethoxyyangonin (Desmethoxyyangonin) ,5,6-dehydro narcotic capsaicin (5,6-dehyd-tomethysticin), 11-methoxy-demethoxy-noryangonin (11-methyoxy-noryangonin) and the like. There are also p-methoxykawain (P-methoxykawain), sheep high Ning dimer, demethoxy sheep high Ning dimer.
2. Alkaloids and amides were separated from kava to obtain pyrrolidine alkaloids 1-Cinnamoylpyrrolidinel-(m-methoxy-cinnamoyl)-pyrrolidine, etc.
3. Other kava also contain 18 kinds of organic acids .

Biological Functions

Modern research shows that it has sedative, sleep relaxation, weight loss, anti-fatigue and other effects. It can be used as an anesthetic, sweating agent, diuretic, expectorant, and has the effect of treating gonorrhea, syphilis, urethral hemorrhage, chronic cystitis, and rheumatism.

Pharmacology

1. Nervous system effect
(1) Anxiolytic effect Kavalactone can improve the attention, memory and reaction of patients with anxiety disorders, and make the patients in a relaxed state, but its effect is slow.
(3) Local anaesthetic effect Kava extract can cause muscle paralysis, has local anaesthetic effect on experimental frogs, and paralyzes the wings of bats and sparrows. The mechanism of action is similar to lidocaine, acting by blocking potential-dependent sodium channels.
2. Antifungal effect

3. Muscle relaxation effect
Various types of kava piperonones have muscle relaxation effects on various experimental animals, and are more effective than Mephenesin Protection of mice against the convulsant and lethal effects of strychnine.