Ammonium salt type Quaternary Ammonium type
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Caionic surfactants

Ammonium salt type Quaternary Ammonium type
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Cationic surfactant can be dissociated in water, having a molecular structure of surface activity and partially exhibit hydrophobic cationic behavior. At as early as 1896, F. Kraft et al has found the hydrochloride of hexadecylamine having the foaming properties of soaps, but it was not until after 1928 before the cationic surfactant had been adopted in the industry such as being used as fabric softeners, antistatic agent, water-repellent agents, dyeing auxiliaries, flotation and germicides. But its consumption amount is lower than the anionic surfactant and non-ionic surfactants and is mainly used in some special applications such as reducing the friction and sterilization effect.

The cationic surfactants can dissociate cation of surface activity in the water with its charge being contrary to an anionic surfactant, thus being often called "inverse soap." In term of its chemical structure, it contains at least one long-chain hydrophobic group and a positively charged hydrophilic group. The hydrophobic group of the long-chain is usually derived from fatty acids or petroleum chemicals. The positive charge of the cationic surfactants is generally carried by the nitrogen atom, alternatively may also be carried by the sulfur and phosphorus atoms. However, among hundreds of cationic surfactants of commercialized value, most of them contain a positively charged nitrogen atom. Thus, fatty amine is an important raw material of cationic surfactant.

The cationic surfactants, similar as other types of surfactant, after being absorbed on the surface or the interface to a certain concentration (the critical micelle concentration, i.e., CMC) will form micelles in solution, thereby reducing the surface tension of the solvent, exhibit surface activity. It has emulsifying, solubilizing, wetting, rinsing and dispersion effects. The rinsing effect of the cationic surfactant is limited with its antibacterial activity and the adhesion affinity to a hard surface being more prominent. In general, hard surface contains negative charge with the positively charged cationic surfactants having a very significant activity on it. The cationic surfactants can be easily absorbed by human skin, hair and teeth. They can be used as sanitizing agent, antiseptic disinfectant, germicides, fungicides, antistatic agents, textile softener, corrosion inhibitor, anti-foaming agent and flotation agents and so on. In cosmetic application, it is mainly used for sterilization, antibacterial agents, hair conditioners, skin softener and anti-caries additives. In the late 1980s, the cationic surfactant can account for about 8% to 10% of the total sales of surfactants.

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Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetramethylammonium acetate
CAS:
10581-12-1
MF:
C6H15NO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate
CAS:
32503-27-8
MF:
C16H37NO4S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride
CAS:
112-00-5
MF:
C15H34ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Benzalkonium chloride
CAS:
8001-54-5
MF:
C17H30ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetramethylammonium fluoride
CAS:
373-68-2
MF:
C4H12FN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
CAS:
107-64-2
MF:
C38H80ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
N-Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride
CAS:
112-02-7
MF:
C19H42ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Benzyltriethylammonium chloride
CAS:
56-37-1
MF:
C13H22ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetraethylammonium bromide
CAS:
71-91-0
MF:
C8H20BrN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Trimethylstearylammonium Chloride
CAS:
112-03-8
MF:
C21H46ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetrabutylammonium perchlorate
CAS:
1923-70-2
MF:
C16H36ClNO4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Benzyldimethylstearylammonium Chloride
CAS:
122-19-0
MF:
C27H50ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Methyl trioctyl ammonium chloride
CAS:
5137-55-3
MF:
C25H54ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetrabutyl ammonium chloride
CAS:
1112-67-0
MF:
C16H36ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide
CAS:
1119-97-7
MF:
C17H38N.Br
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
CAS:
7173-51-5
MF:
C22H48ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetramethylammonium iodide
CAS:
75-58-1
MF:
C4H12IN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide
CAS:
1119-94-4
MF:
C15H34BrN
Chemical Name:
Polyquaternium-7
CAS:
108464-53-5
MF:
(C8H16ClN)n.(C3H5NO)m
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tridodecyl methyl ammonium chloride
CAS:
7173-54-8
MF:
C37H78ClN
Chemical Name:
Benzalkonium chloride
CAS:
85409-22-9
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetrabutylammonium cyanoborohydride
CAS:
43064-96-6
MF:
C17H39BN2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE
CAS:
68424-85-1
MF:
C17H30ClN
Chemical Name:
alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (n=14)
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Behenyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride
CAS:
4292-25-5
MF:
C22H45(CH3)3NCl
Chemical Name:
Flocculant ST
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Benzyltrimethylammonium iodide
CAS:
4525-46-6
MF:
C10H16IN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetrabutylammonium chloride monohydrate
CAS:
88641-55-8
MF:
C16H36ClNH2O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate
CAS:
928663-45-0
MF:
C15H30O5S.Na
Chemical Name:
DICOCO DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
CAS:
61789-77-3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Octadecylamine N-oleoyl Sarcosinate
MF:
C39H78N2O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
N,N-Dihexadecyl-N-methyl-1-hexadecanaminium chloride
CAS:
52467-63-7
MF:
C49H102ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
benzyltrimeehyl ammonium chloride
MF:
C10H16ClN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetramethylammonium fluoride tetrahydrate
CAS:
17787-40-5
MF:
C4H20FNO4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetrabutylammonium fluoride
CAS:
429-41-4
MF:
C16H36FN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide
CAS:
3700-67-2
MF:
C38H80BrN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetramethylammonium sulfate
CAS:
14190-16-0
MF:
C8H24N2O4S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Octadecy trimethyl ammonium bromide
CAS:
1120-02-1
MF:
C21H46BrN