Succinonitrile Chemical Properties

Melting point:

50-54 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

265-267 °C (lit.)

Density 

0.985 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

vapor pressure 

10.382kPa at 25.14℃

refractive index 

nD60 (liq) 1.41734

Flash point:

>230 °F

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

methanol: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless

form 

Liquid

pka

26.6[at 20 ℃]

color 

Clear colorless

Specific Gravity

0.985

Odor

odorless

Water Solubility 

slightly soluble

Merck 

14,8872

BRN 

1098380

Dielectric constant

58.3（58℃）

Exposure limits

NIOSH: IDLH 25 mg/m3; TWA 6 ppm(20 mg/m3)

InChIKey

IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP

-0.99

CAS DataBase Reference

110-61-2(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Succinonitrile(110-61-2)

EPA Substance Registry System

Butanedinitrile (110-61-2)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xn

Risk Statements 

22-36/37/38-36/38-20/21/22

Safety Statements 

26-36/37-45-36/37/39-22

OEB

A

OEL

TWA: 6 ppm (20 mg/m3)

RIDADR 

3276

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

WN3850000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29051900

HS Code 

29269095

Hazardous Substances Data

110-61-2(Hazardous Substances Data)

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:Butanedinitrile
• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

Succinonitrile Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

almost white to brown crystalline solid. Succinonitrile [110-61-2], ethylene dicyanide, ethylene cyanide, dicyanoethane, butanedinitrile, NCCH2CH2CN, is a colorless, waxy solid slightly soluble in water and ethanol. Succinonitrile is obtained by addition of hydrogen cyanide to acrylonitrile. Subsequent hydrogenation of succinonitrile yields 1,4-diaminobutane, which reacts with adipic acid to form the new polyamide 46. The polymer, developed by DSM (Netherlands), is marketed under the trade name Stanyl; the latter is reported to have excellent mechanical properties at high temperature.

Uses

Succinonitrile dispersed with ionic liquids entrapped in a host polymer was used to constitute gel polymer electrolytes. It was used as dopant to investigate the ionic conductivity and X-ray absorption spectroscopic results for lithium and copper salt doped succinonitrile.

Production Methods

Succinonitrile is derived from the interaction of ethylene dibromide and potassium cyanide in the presence of alcohol.

General Description

Colorless to light brown crystals. Colorless waxy soild melting at 57°C. Highly toxic.

Air & Water Reactions

Soluble in water [Hawley].

Reactivity Profile

Succinonitrile is incompatible with acids and oxidizing agents (such as peroxides and epoxides). Can react violently with strong oxidizing acids. Is hydrolyzed exothermically in both aqueous acid and base to give carboxylic acids (or salts of carboxylic acids). Can react vigorously with reducing agents.

Hazard

A poison.

Fire Hazard

Succinonitrile is combustible.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. Decomposes exothermically above 195°C. Can react with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition, or on contact with acid or acid fumes, it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx and CN-. See also NITRILES.

Purification Methods

Purify the nitrile by vacuum sublimation, and/or crystallisation from acetone. [Beilstein 2 H 615, 2 IV 1923.]

Toxics Screening Level

The initial threshold screening level (ITSL) for succinonitrile is 0.8 μg/m3 based on an annual averaging time.

Succinonitrile(110-61-2)Related Product Information

• Succinimide
• Dimethylglyoxime
• Succinic acid
• Succinic anhydride
• 1,4-DIAMINOBUTANE
• Disodium succinate
• 2,3-Butanedione
• succinonitrile,tetramethyl
• ALPHA,BETA-DICYANOBIBENZYL
• PHENYLSUCCINONITRILE
• ethylsuccinonitrile
• SUCCINONITRILE-D4, 98+ ATOM % D,SUCCINONITRILE-D4
• Succinonitrile
• TRANS-CYCLOBUTANE-1,2-DICARBONITRILE
• TETRACYANOETHYLENE OXIDE
• 7-AMINO-1,3-DIMETHYL-2,4-DIOXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDRO-5H-PYRANO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDINE-5,5,6-TRICARBONITRILE
• CCG 2046
• CIS-CYCLOBUTANE-1,2-DICARBONITRILE