ChemicalBook > CAS DataBase List > Glyoxal

Glyoxal

Product Name
Glyoxal
CAS No.
107-22-2
Chemical Name
Glyoxal
Synonyms
Oxalaldehyde;Oxaldehyde;GLYOXA;ETHANEDIAL;GLYOXAL SOLUTION;(CHO)2;Ethandial;DIFORMYL;Ethanedione;Glyoxal aqueous solution
CBNumber
CB1280241
Molecular Formula
C2H2O2
Formula Weight
58.04
MOL File
107-22-2.mol
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Glyoxal Property

Melting point:
-14 °C
Boiling point:
104 °C
Density 
1.265 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density 
>1 (vs air)
vapor pressure 
18 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index 
n20/D 1.409
Flash point:
104°C
storage temp. 
2-8°C
solubility 
water: soluble(lit.)
form 
Liquid
color 
Clear colorless to yellow
Odor
yel. crystals or lt. yel. liq., mild odor
PH
2-3 (20°C in H2O)
Water Solubility 
miscible
Merck 
14,4509
BRN 
1732463
Exposure limits
ACGIH: TWA 0.1 mg/m3
Stability:
Stability Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Strong reducing agent. May polyermize exothermically. Incompatible with air, water, oxygen, peroxides, amides, amines, hydroxy-containing materials, nitric acid, aldehydes. Corrodes many metals.
InChIKey
LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
-1.15 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference
107-22-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Ethanedial(107-22-2)
EPA Substance Registry System
Glyoxal (107-22-2)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
Xn
Risk Statements 
20-36/38-43-68
Safety Statements 
36/37
RIDADR 
UN 1760
WGK Germany 
1
RTECS 
MD2700000
Autoignition Temperature
545 °F
TSCA 
Yes
HS Code 
29121900
Hazardous Substances Data
107-22-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 in rats, guinea pigs (mg/kg): 2020, 760 orally (Smyth)
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements

H315Causes skin irritation

H317May cause an allergic skin reaction

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H332Harmful if inhaled

H341Suspected of causing genetic defects

Precautionary statements

P201Obtain special instructions before use.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P308+P313IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
128465
Product name
Glyoxal solution
Purity
40 wt. % in H2O
Packaging
1kg
Price
$80.2
Updated
2025/07/31
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
128465
Product name
Glyoxal solution
Purity
40 wt. % in H2O
Packaging
3kg
Price
$177
Updated
2025/07/31
TCI Chemical
Product number
G0152
Product name
Glyoxal (39% in Water, ca. 8.8mol/L)
Packaging
25g
Price
$18
Updated
2025/07/31
TCI Chemical
Product number
G0152
Product name
Glyoxal (39% in Water, ca. 8.8mol/L)
Packaging
500g
Price
$29
Updated
2025/07/31
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
128465
Product name
Glyoxal solution
Purity
40 wt. % in H2O
Packaging
5g
Price
$55.5
Updated
2025/07/31
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Glyoxal Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

colourless or light yellow liquid

Uses

ermanent-press fabrics; dimensional stabilization of rayon and other fibers. Insolubilizing agent for compounds containing polyhydroxyl groups (polyvinyl alcohol, starch, and cellulosic materials); insolubilizing of proteins (casein, gelatin, and animal glue); embalming fluids; leather tanning; paper coatings with hydroxyethylcellulose; reducing agent in dyeing textiles.

Uses

Glyoxal is used in the production of textilesand glues and in organic synthesis.

Uses

Glyoxal is used to prepare 4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone by condensation with urea. It finds application in leather tanning process, textile finishes and paper coatings. It is an important building block in the synthesis of imidazoles. It acts as a solubilizer and cross-linking agent in polymer chemistry. Further, it is used as a fixative for histology to preserve cells in order to examine under a microscope.

Definition

ChEBI: Glyoxal is the dialdehyde that is the smallest possible and which consists of ethane having oxo groups on both carbons. It has a role as a pesticide, an agrochemical, an allergen and a plant growth regulator.

General Description

Yellow crystals melting at15°C. Hence often encountered as a light yellow liquid with a weak sour odor. Vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame.

Air & Water Reactions

Mixtures with air may explode. Polymerizes quickly on standing, or on contact with a trace of water (possibly a violent reaction), or when dissolved in solvents containing water, [Merck, 502(1968)]. Soluble in water. An aqueous solution contains mono molecular Glyoxal. [Hawley]

Reactivity Profile

Glyoxal reacts vigorously with strong oxidizing agents such as nitric acid. Polymerizes rapidly even at low temperature if anhydrous [Noller]. Aqueous solutions are more stable but also polymerize on standing. Reacts with itself in the presence of base to give glyconates. Undergoes addition and condensation reactions that may be exothermic with amines, amides, aldehydes, and hydroxide-containing materials. Mixing in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, ethyleneimine, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide [NFPA 1991].

Hazard

Mixture of vapor and air may explode. Questionable carcinogen.

Health Hazard

Inhalation causes some irritation of nose and,40% solution throat. Contact with liquid,40% solution irritates eyes and causes mild irritation of skin; stains skin yellow. (No information available on symptoms of ingestion.)

Health Hazard

Glyoxal is a skin and eye irritant; the effectmay be mild to severe. Its vapors are irritatingto the skin and respiratory tract. Anamount of 1.8 mg caused severe irritation inrabbits’ eyes. Glyoxal exhibited low toxicityin test subjects. Ingestion may cause somnolenceand gastrointestinal pain.
LD50 value, oral (guinea pigs): 760 mg/kg.

Fire Hazard

Behavior in Fire: Heat may cause polymerization to a combustible, viscous material.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Safety Profile

Low toxicity by SYN: AEROTEX GLYOXAL 40 ingestion and skin contact. A skin irritant. A powerful reducing agent. May explode on contact with air. Polymerizes violently on contact with water. During storage it may spontaneously polymerize and ignite. Reacts violently with chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene imine, HNO3, oleum, NaOH, can cause violent reactions. Can explode during manufacture. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ALDEHYDES.

Waste Disposal

Glyoxal is mixed with a combustible solventand burned in a chemical incineratorequipped with an afterburner and scrubber.

Glyoxal Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

strongly acidic type cation exchange resin NS-398 Quartz tubing, fused, 12.7mm (0.5in) OD for compression type fittings WEAKLY BASIC ANION EXCHANGE RESIN Sodium nitrite Cupric oxide Silver catalyst Ethylene glycol Methanol Acetaldehyde Aluminum oxide

Preparation Products

Quinoxaline Fluorescent Brightener 185 30% sulfaclozine 4'-(IMIDAZOL-1-YL)ACETOPHENONE Berberine 1,2-Dimethyl-5-nitroimidazole 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-1H-pteridine 2-Methoxy-3-isobutyl pyrazine 2,3-Pyrazinecarboxylic anhydride finishing agent for cotton fabric Allantoin 2,6-Dichloropyrazine 2,5-Bis(5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl)thiophene 6,7-DINITROQUINOXALINE Glyoxalbis(2-hydroxyanil) 4-Hydroxyphenethyl alcohol Metronidazole Amiloride hydrochloride CYAZOFAMID Ethylpyrazine 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-2-one 2-Methylimidazole 2-HYDROXYPYRAZINE 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Imidazole 4-Hydroxyphenylacetamide 2-Chloropyrazine 2-Methoxy-3-sec-butyl pyrazine 6-CHLOROQUINOXALINE 4-Hydroxy-D-(-)-2-phenylglycine 2-Isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine Glyoxylic acid 6-QUINOXALINECARBOXYLIC ACID
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Americas 1 Australia 1 Belgium 1 Canada 1 China 504 Czech 1 Europe 5 France 4 Germany 18 India 62 Italy 1 Japan 5 Malaysia 1 Russia 1 Slovakia 1 South Korea 1 Switzerland 2 Ukraine 1 United Kingdom 9 United States 54 Global 674
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View Lastest Price from Glyoxal manufacturers

WUHAN FORTUNA CHEMICAL CO., LTD
Product
Glyoxal 107-22-2
Price
US $0.00/Kg/Drum
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
40%
Supply Ability
20 tons
Release date
2021-07-19
Hebei Chuanghai Biotechnology Co., Ltd
Product
Glyoxal 107-22-2
Price
US $100.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
99%min
Supply Ability
200TON
Release date
2024-10-28
Hebei Chuanghai Biotechnology Co., Ltd
Product
Glyoxal 107-22-2
Price
US $0.00-0.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
500000kg
Release date
2024-10-31

107-22-2, GlyoxalRelated Search:

Dimethylglyoxime Ethylene glycol Acetaldehyde OXALIC ACID Ethylbenzene Ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)tetraacetic acid Ethylene dimethacrylate Ethyl propenyl ether Ethylcyclohexane Squaric acid RHODIZONIC ACID DIPOTASSIUM SALT Oxalyl chloride Glyoxal, methyl Glyoxal, dimethyl- 3-Methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione RHODIZONIC ACID DIHYDRATE Ethyl bromopyruvate Ethyl oxalyl monochloride

  • BISFORMYL
  • glyoxylaldehyde
  • GLYOXAL SOLUTION
  • GLYOXAL
  • DIFORMYL
  • ETHANEDIAL
  • 1,2-ethanedione
  • (CHO)2
  • Aerotex glyoxal 40
  • aerotexglyoxal40
  • Oxaldehyde
  • Protectol GL 40
  • Oxalaldehyde
  • GLYOXA
  • GLYOXAL SOLUTION, ~40% IN WATER
  • GLYOXAL, 40 WT. % SOLUTION IN WATER
  • GLYOXAL 40% AQUEOUS SOLUTION
  • GLYOXAL SOLUTION, FOR MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, ~40% IN WATER
  • GLYOXAL SOLUTION APPROX. 40 %
  • GlyoxalApprox40%SolutionInWater
  • GlyoxalSolution,40%
  • Glyoxal, 40% aq.soln.
  • Glyoxal, 40 wt.% solution in water, pure
  • Glyoxalwatersolution
  • GLYOXAL SOLUTION IN WATER 40%
  • Glyoxal, 40% w/w aq. soln.
  • Glyoxal (39% in Water, ca. 8.8mol/L)
  • GLYOXAL 40% SOL. IN WATER
  • Glyoxal, inhalable
  • Glyoxal (40% In H2O)
  • GLYOXAL aqueous solution 40% pure
  • Glyoxal, 40% w/w Aqueous Solution
  • Ethanedial, Oxalaldehyde
  • GLYOXALE
  • biformal,biformyl
  • Glyoxal,pure,40 wt.% solution in water
  • Biformal
  • Biformyl
  • Diformal
  • Ethandial
  • Ethane-1,2-dione
  • Ethanedione
  • Glyoxal aldehyde
  • glyoxal,29.2%
  • glyoxal,40%
  • glyoxal,40%inwater
  • Glyoxal30%,watersolution
  • glyoxalaldehyde
  • ODIX
  • Oxal
  • Glyoxal w/w aq. Soln.
  • Glyoxal, 40 wt.% solution in water, pure 1LT
  • Glyoxal, 40 wt.% solution in water, pure 500ML
  • GLIOSSALE
  • xalaldehyde
  • Glyoxal, 40 wt.% solution in H2O
  • Glyoxal (40% w/w in H2O)
  • Glyoxal, 40% w/w aq. soln., 40% w/w aq. soln.