1-Chloroisoquinoline

1-Chloroisoquinoline Property

Melting point:

31-36 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

274-275 °C/768 mmHg (lit.)

Density 

1.2108 (rough estimate)

refractive index 

1.6342 (estimate)

Flash point:

>230 °F

storage temp. 

Inert atmosphere,2-8°C

form 

Low Melting Solid, Crystals and/or Chunks

pka

2.03±0.30(Predicted)

color 

White to yellow

Water Solubility 

Insoluble in water.

BRN 

2996

InChIKey

MSQCQINLJMEVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS DataBase Reference

19493-44-8(CAS DataBase Reference)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

36/37/38

Safety Statements 

26-36

WGK Germany 

3

HS Code 

29334900

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H335May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

1-Chloroisoquinoline Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

white to yellow low melting solid, crystals and/or

Uses

Used in a Mn-catalyzed cross-coupling with aryl- and alkylmagnesium halides.1 Also used in a Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling with heteroaryl boronic acids and esters.2

Uses

1-Chloroisoquinone is used in the preparation of new aminoisoquinolinylurea derivatives which show antiproliferative activity against melanoma cell lines. It can also be applied to the control of stor age and stability of unstable boronic acids.

Uses

The product has been used in a Mn-catalyzed cross-coupling with aryl- and alkylmagnesium halides. It has also been used in a Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling with heteroaryl boronic acids and esters. Furthermore, it has been used in a homocoupling reaction to yield bis-isoquinoline, each enantiomer of which might be very useful as a chiral ligand for asymmetric synthesis. 1-Chloroisoquinone is used in the preparation of new aminoisoquinolinylurea derivatives which show antiproliferative activity against melanoma cell lines. It can also be applied to the control of storage age and stability of unstable boronic acids.

Synthesis

The general procedure for the synthesis of 1-chloroisoquinoline from isoquinoline-N-oxide was as follows: phosphoryl chloride (200 mL) was slowly added dropwise to isoquinoline-N-oxide (20.0 g) under ice bath cooling conditions. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was heated to 105 °C and refluxed overnight. Upon completion of the reaction, the excess phosphoryl chloride was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was quenched with ice water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography using a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether as eluent to afford the target product 1-chloroisoquinoline (21.0 g, 85% yield). The structure of the product was confirmed by 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 8.25-8.31 (m, 2H), 8.08 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.88-7.91 (m, 2H), 7.80-7.84 (m, 1H). Mass spectrometry (ESI+) showed a molecular ion peak m/z 164.0. HPLC analysis (Method A) showed a retention time (Rt) of 8.29 min and a purity of 96.0%.

References

[1] Organic Letters, 2015, vol. 17, # 12, p. 2948 - 2951
[2] European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016, vol. 2016, # 8, p. 1606 - 1611
[3] Patent: WO2013/92979, 2013, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 54
[4] Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1998, vol. 63, # 20, p. 6886 - 6890
[5] Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 1993, vol. 4, # 4, p. 743 - 756