Sodium phosphate monobasic Property

Melting point:

<0°C

Boiling point:

100°C

Density 

1.40 g/mL at 20 °C

vapor pressure 

0Pa at 20℃

storage temp. 

room temp

solubility 

H₂O: 5 M, clear, colorless

form 

powder

color 

White

PH

4.0 - 4.5 (25℃, 50g/L in water)

pka

(1) 2.15, (2) 6.82, (3) 12.38 (at 25℃)

Odor

at 100.00?%. odorless

Water Solubility 

Soluble in water. Insoluble in alcohol,ether and chloroform.

Sensitive 

Hygroscopic

λmax

λ: 260 nm Amax: ≤0.025
λ: 280 nm Amax: ≤0.02

Merck 

14,8660

BRN 

3903772

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with heavy metals, strong acids.

InChIKey

AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M

LogP

-2.148 (est)

CAS DataBase Reference

7558-80-7(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Monosodium phosphate (7558-80-7)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

36/37/38-36

Safety Statements 

26-36-39

WGK Germany 

1

RTECS 

WA1900000

F 

3

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

28352200

Hazardous Substances Data

7558-80-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 8290 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 7940 mg/kg

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H335May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P405Store locked up.

Sodium phosphate monobasic Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

White, slightly deliquescent crystals or granules.

Chemical Properties

The USP 32 states that monobasic sodium phosphate contains one or two molecules of water of hydration or is anhydrous.
The hydrated forms of monobasic sodium phosphate occur as odorless, colorless or white, slightly deliquescent crystals. The anhydrous form occurs as a white crystalline powder or granules.

Physical properties

Anhydrous salt: white crystalline powder; slightly hygroscopic; forms sodium acid pyrophosphate, Na2H2P2O7 on heating above 225°C and sodium metaphosphate (NaPO₃)_n at about 350 to 400°C; very soluble in water, aqueous solution acidic.
Monohydrate: white orthorhombic crystals or granules; density 2.04 g/cm³; loses its water of crystallization at 100°C; very soluble in water, pH of 1% solution 4.5; insoluble in alcohol.
Dihydrate: large transparent crystals; orthorhombic bisphenoidal structure; density 1.915 g/cm3; decomposes at 60°C; very soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol.

Uses

Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate is used as sequestrant, emulsifier, mordant in dyeing, reagent and buffer in foods and analytical chemistry. It was applied as a fireproofing agent and for weighting silk in tanning. It is employed in manufacturing of enamels, ceramics, detergents, boiler compounds, in soldering and brazing instead of borax.

Uses

Sodium phosphate monobasic has been used:

• as a reagent for virus transfection and fiber implantation in mouse
• in phosphate buffer for immunocytochemistry and to detect individual catalase activity by PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)
• as a buffer for cycling assay
• in automated DNA extraction method
• as a chemical in artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (aCSF) solution for the preparation of brainstem-spinal cord from rats

Uses

Excipient.

Production Methods

Monobasic sodium phosphate is prepared by adding phosphoric acid to a hot, concentrated solution of disodium phosphate until the liquid ceases to form a precipitate with barium chloride. This solution is then concentrated and the monobasic sodium phosphate is crystallized.

Definition

ChEBI: Sodium dihydrogenphosphate is a sodium phosphate.

Preparation

Monobasic sodium phosphate can be prepared by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide in equimolar amounts: H₃PO₄ + NaOH → NaH₂PO₄ + H₂O
It also can be made by treating disodium hydrogen phosphate with phosphoric acid in proper stoichiometric amount: Na₂HPO₄ + HPO₄ → 2NaH₂PO₄.

General Description

Sodium phosphate monobasic is an effective oral osmotic laxative at minimal concentration. It is used for colonic cleansing before endoscopic examination of colon.

Flammability and Explosibility

Non flammable

Pharmaceutical Applications

Monobasic sodium phosphate is used in a wide variety of pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent and as a sequestering agent. Therapeutically, monobasic sodium phosphate is used as a mild saline laxative and in the treatment of hypophosphatemia.
Monobasic sodium phosphate is also used in food products, for example, in baking powders, and as a dry acidulant and sequestrant.

Safety Profile

Poison by intramuscular route. Mdly toxic by ingestion. A human and experimental eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O. See also PHOSPHATES.

Safety

Monobasic sodium phosphate is widely used as an excipient in parenteral, oral, and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Phosphate occurs extensively in the body and is involved in many physiological processes since it is the principal anion of intracellular fluid. Most foods contain adequate amounts of phosphate, making hypophosphatemia virtually unknown except in certain disease states or in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. Treatment is usually by the oral administration of up to 100 mmol of phosphate daily.
Approximately two-thirds of ingested phosphate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, virtually all of it being excreted in the urine, and the remainder is excreted in the feces. Excessive administration of phosphate, particularly intravenously, rectally, or in patients with renal failure, can cause hyperphosphatemia that may lead to hypocalcemia or other severe electrolyte imbalances. Adverse effects occur less frequently following oral consumption, although phosphates act as mild saline laxatives when administered orally or rectally (2–4 g of monobasic sodium phosphate in an aqueous solution is used as a laxative). Consequently, gastrointestinal disturbances including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting may occur following the use of monobasic sodium phosphate as an excipient in oral formulations. However, the level of monobasic sodium phosphate used as an excipient in a pharmaceutical formulation is not usually associated with adverse effects.
LD50 (rat, IM): 0.25 g/kg(10)
LD50 (rat, oral): 8.29 g/kg

storage

Monobasic sodium phosphate is chemically stable, although it is slightly deliquescent. On heating at 100°C, the dihydrate loses all of its water of crystallization. On further heating, it melts with decomposition at 205℃, forming sodium hydrogen pyrophosphate, Na2H2P2O7. At 250℃ it leaves a final residue of sodium metaphosphate, NaPO3.
Aqueous solutions are stable and may be sterilized by autoclaving.
Monobasic sodium phosphate should be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry place.

Incompatibilities

Monobasic sodium phosphate is an acid salt and is therefore generally incompatible with alkaline materials and carbonates; aqueous solutions of monobasic sodium phosphate are acidic and will cause carbonates to effervesce.
Monobasic sodium phosphate should not be administered concomitantly with aluminum, calcium, or magnesium salts since they bind phosphate and could impair its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Interaction between calcium and phosphate, leading to the formation of insoluble calcium phosphate precipitates, is possible in parenteral admixtures.

Regulatory Status

GRAS listed. Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections; infusions; ophthalmic, oral, topical, and vaginal preparations). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.