Potassium fluoride Chemical Properties

Melting point:

858 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

1505 °C

Density 

2.48

vapor density 

2 (vs air)

vapor pressure 

1.3 hPa (885 °C)

refractive index 

1.363

Flash point:

1505°C

storage temp. 

Store at +5°C to +30°C.

solubility 

H₂O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless

form 

spray-dried

color 

White

Specific Gravity

2.481

Odor

Odorless

PH

7.0-8.5 (25℃, 1M in H2O)

Water Solubility 

92.3 g/100 mL (18 ºC)

Sensitive 

Hygroscopic

Crystal Structure

NaCl type

λmax

λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01

crystal system

Cube

Merck 

14,7632

Space group

Fm3m

BRN 

3902818

Lattice constant

a/nm	b/nm	c/nm	α/o	β/o	γ/o	V/nm3
0.534	0.534	0.534	90	90	90	0.1526

Exposure limits

ACGIH: TWA 2.5 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 250 mg/m3; TWA 2.5 mg/m3

Stability:

Stable. Protect from moisture. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases.

InChIKey

NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M

LogP

-0.77 at 25℃

CAS DataBase Reference

7789-23-3(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Potassium fluoride(7789-23-3)

EPA Substance Registry System

Potassium fluoride (7789-23-3)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

T

Risk Statements 

25-23/24/25

Safety Statements 

45-26-36/37

RIDADR 

UN 1812 6.1/PG 3

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

TT0700000

F 

3

Hazard Note 

Harmful

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

2826 19 90

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

III

Hazardous Substances Data

7789-23-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

MLD in guinea pigs (mg/kg): 250 orally, 350 s.c.; in frogs (mg/kg): 375 s.c. (Simonin)

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

Potassium fluoride Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

Potassium fluoride, KF, is a colorless, deliquescent crystalline solid that has a melting point of 846 °C(1550 °F). Potassium fluoride has a salty taste and is poisonous. It is soluble in water,but insoluble in alcohol. Potassium fluoride is used in etching glass,preservatives, and insecticides.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Potassium fluoride is basis raw material of manufacturing fluoride, chemical formula is KF. Molecular weight is 58.10. It is colorless cubic crystal or white powder. It is poisonous! It is deliquescent. Taste is salty. Specific gravity is 2.48. Melting point is 858℃. Boiling point is 1505℃. It is soluble in water. It was dissolved in hydrofluoric acid and ammonia. It is insoluble in ethanol, acetone. Aqueous solution is alkaline and it can corrode glass and porcelain. It can cause irritation for human skin, mucous membrane and eye. When belows 40.2℃, it can crystallize in an aqueous solution to give dihydrate KF·2H2O, which is monoclinic, it is self-dissolved crystalline water at 41℃. It can be obtained by the thermal decomposition of potassium hydrogen fluoride or potassium carbonate (or potassium hydroxide) and hydrofluoric acid (40% or anhydrous). It can be used for glass engraving, food preservation, it can be also used as welding flux, fluoride, pesticides,etc.

Figure 1 the structural formula of potassium fluoride.

Uses

Anhydrous Potassium fluoride is used in organic synthesis as a catalyst for various reactions, or to introduce fluorine into organic molecules. For example, fluoro compounds can be prepared by replacing labile chlorine atoms by fluorine atoms, as in the manufacture of sodium fluoroacetate, a rat poison. The nucleophilic strength of F− and the solubility of KF in aprotic organic solvents may be improved by using crown ethers. The “naked” fluoride ion obtained is an efficient fluorinating agent.

Preparation

Potassium fluoride is prepared by reacting potassium carbonate (or KOH) with aqueous hydrofluoric acid. Care is necessary in handling the anhydrous salt, to prevent its hydration.

Chemical Properties

White, crystalline, deliquescent powder; sharp saline taste.Soluble in water and hydrogen fluoride, insoluble in alcohol.

Chemical Properties

Potassium fluoride is a white crystalline solid.

Uses

Uses

Potassium fluoride is used in metal finishing, batteries, coatings and photographic chemicals. It is utilized for the study of ion-specific swelling and de-swelling of ampholytic polymer gels as well as in the measurement of electronic polarizabilities of ions in polymers of alkali halides. It finds application in the electronic industry as a metal surface treatment product. It is used as a preservative, a food additive, a catalyzer and a water absorbing agent. In the Finkelstein reaction, it is actively involved in the conversion of chlorocarbons to fluorocarbons using polar solvents like dimethyl formamide and ethylene glycol.

Definition

ChEBI: Potassium fluoride is a fluoride salt having K+ as the counterion. It has a role as a poison. It is a fluoride salt and a potassium salt.

Reactivity Profile

Potassium fluoride reacts with acids to evolve corrosive and toxic hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solutions corrode glass and consequently are prepared and stored in polyethylene containers. The pure solid may be stored in glass containers. Reacts violently with (Pt + BrF3). [NTP 1992].

Hazard

Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, strong irritant to tissue.

Health Hazard

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. Experimental teratogenic effects. A corrosive irritant to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. Mutation data reported. A very reactive material. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of K2O and F-. Used in etchmg glass, as a presewative, as an insecticide, and in organic synthesis. See also FLUORIDES and HYDROFLUORIC ACID.

Potential Exposure

Potassium fluoride is used in etching glass; as a preservative and insecticide.

Shipping

UN1812 Potassium fluoride, solid, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Incompatibilities

Incompatible with strong acids; reacts releasing hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solutions corrode glass and consequently are prepared and stored in polyeth- ylene containers. The pure solid may be stored in glass containers. Reacts violently with (Pt 1 BrF 3 )

Potassium fluoride(7789-23-3)Related Product Information

• FLUORIDE STANDARD
• Potassium chloride
• Potassium sulfate
• Potassium iodide
• Potassium persulfate
• Potassium sorbate
• Losartan potassium
• Potassium Acetate
• Holmium chloride
• Phloroglucinol
• Tin(Ⅱ)chloride anhydrous
• CERIC SULFATE
• Copper(II) acetate
• Tetrasodium pyrophosphate
• Lanthanum(III) chloride
• Calcium chloride
• o-Phenanthroline
• Sodium iodide