tetramisole
tetramisole Basic information
- Product Name:
- tetramisole
- Synonyms:
-
- (+-)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo(2,1-b)thiazole
- DL-tetramisole
- Imidazo2,1-bthiazole, 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl-
- Tetramizole
- 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole
- 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole
- CAS:
- 5036-02-2
- MF:
- C11H12N2S
- MW:
- 204.29
- EINECS:
- 225-729-3
- Mol File:
- 5036-02-2.mol
tetramisole Chemical Properties
- Melting point:
- 87-89°
- Boiling point:
- 344.4±45.0 °C(Predicted)
- Density
- 1.32±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
- storage temp.
- 2-8°C
- solubility
- DMSO; Methanol
- form
- Solid
- pka
- 10.00±0.40(Predicted)
- color
- White (powder)
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C11H12N2S/c1-2-4-9(5-3-1)10-8-13-6-7-14-11(13)12-10/h1-5,10H,6-8H2
- InChIKey
- HLFSDGLLUJUHTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- S1CCN2CC(C3=CC=CC=C3)N=C12
- EPA Substance Registry System
- Tetramisole (5036-02-2)
tetramisole Usage And Synthesis
Uses
Tetramisol is an isolated intermediate in the synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-tetramisole (H595270), a metabolite of Tetramisole, an anthelmintic.
Definition
ChEBI: 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole is an imidazothiazole that is imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole in which the double bonds at the 2-3 and 5-6 positions have been reduced to single bonds and in which one of the hydrogens at position 6 is replaced by a phenyl group. It has a role as a xenobiotic and an environmental contaminant.
in vivo
Tetramisole (0.54 mg/kg; intravenous injection; single dose; 3 minutes pretreatment) significantly reduces the number and duration of ventricular arrhythmias and the incidence of ventricular fibrillation in the Sprague-Dawley rat model of myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation, and this effect is reversed by the IK1 channel blocker chloroquine (CQ)[2].
Tetramisole (0.54 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; once a day; 10 days) improves cardiac contractile function, reduces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis, and inhibits the activation of the PKA signaling pathway in the Sprague-Dawley rat model of isoproterenol (Iso)-induced cardiac remodeling, and the effect is dependent on the IK1 channel activity[2].
| Animal Model: | Male Sprague-Dawley rats (2 months old, weight not specified) + coronary ligation-induced acute myocardial infarction model[2] |
| Dosage: | 0.18, 0.54, 1.8 mg/kg (dissolved in saline) |
| Administration: | Intravenous injection 3 minutes before coronary artery occlusion; single dose |
| Result: | Significantly reduced premature ventricular contractions (PVC) from 134 to 16 episodes, shortened ventricular tachycardia (VT) duration from 59.4 s to 8.1 s, and eliminated ventricular fibrillation (VF) (duration 0 s, incidence 0%), compared to control. These anti-arrhythmic effects were largely reversed by co-administration of chloroquine (7.5 μg/kg), an IK1 antagonist. Pretreatment for 10 days (0.54 mg/kg/day) also reduced VT duration (42.7 s to 6.5 s) and abolished VF, associated with upregulated Kir2.1 protein expression in ventricular tissue. |
| Animal Model: | Male Sprague-Dawley rats (2 months old, weight not specified) + isoproterenol (3 mg/kg/day, i.p., 10 days)-induced cardiac remodeling model[2] |
| Dosage: | 0.54 mg/kg/day (dissolved in saline) |
| Administration: | Intraperitoneal injection once daily for 10 days |
| Result: | Prevented Iso-induced increases in interventricular septum thickness and left ventricular wall thickness, normalized left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), and reduced myocardial cell cross-sectional area by 22% compared to Iso group. Masson's trichrome staining showed a 35% reduction in interstitial fibrosis, accompanied by downregulated phosphorylated PKA (p-PKA) and upregulated Kir2.1/SAP97 signaling. Co-administration of chloroquine abolished these protective effects, confirming dependence on IK1 channel activation. |
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