PROMETHAZINE Chemical Properties

Melting point:

60℃

Boiling point:

bp3 190-192°

Density 

1.131

refractive index 

1.6000 (estimate)

storage temp. 

-20°C Freezer

solubility 

Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly, Sonicated)

form 

Solid

pka

pKa 9.1(H2O,t undefined) (Uncertain)

color 

Pale Beige to Pale Brown

Water Solubility 

383.9ug/L(22.5 ºC)

EPA Substance Registry System

Promethazine (60-87-7)

Safety Information

Hazardous Substances Data

60-87-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 oral in rabbit: 580mg/kg

PROMETHAZINE Usage And Synthesis

Description

As a derivative of phenothiazine, promethazine is structurally and pharmacologically similar to chlorpromazine. It exhibits strong antihistamine activity as well as expressed action on the CNS. It potentiates action of sedative and analgesic drugs.

Uses

Promethazine is used in preparation of antibodies having inhibitory activities to IL-36R signaling triggered by agonistic ligands and application to prevention and therapies of cancers and autoimmune diseases.

Uses

Promethazine is used for treating allergic illnesses such as hives, serum disease, hay fever, dermatosis, and also for rheumatism with expressed allergic components, for allergic complications caused by antibiotics and other medicinal drugs, and for enhancing action of analgesics and local anesthetics. Synonyms of this drug are allergen, phenergan, pipolphen, prothazine, and others.

Uses

Anti-emetic; antihistaminic.

Definition

ChEBI: A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.

brand name

Phenergan (Wyeth).

World Health Organization (WHO)

Introduced in 1946, promethazine, a phenothiazine derivative has a variety of pharmacological properties. At present it is mainly used as an antihistamine and anti-motion-sickness drug. Promethazine is listed in the WHO Model List of Essential Drugs.

General Description

Crystals. Melting point 60°C. Used as an antihistaminic.

Air & Water Reactions

Turns blue on prolonged exposure to air and moisture.

Reactivity Profile

PROMETHAZINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable or toxic gases may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Health Hazard

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of PROMETHAZINE include leucopenia; agranulocytosis; confusion; convulsions; stupor; and it potentiates the action of central nervous system depressants.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for PROMETHAZINE are not available, however PROMETHAZINE is probably combustible.

Clinical Use

Promethazine, an early agent in the series, has many useful pharmacological affects other than being an antihistamine. It has significant antiemetic and anticholinergic properties. It also has sedative-hypnotic properties and has been used to potentiate the effects of analgesic drugs. Subsequent analogues, such as trimeprazine and methdilazine, are used as antipruritic agents in the treatment of urticaria.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: pupillary dilation, wakefulness, hallucinations, and distorted perceptions. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effectsHuman mutation data reported. A severe eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx

Synthesis

Promethazine, 10-(2-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine (16.1.18), is synthesized by alkylating phenothiazine with 1-dimethylamino-2-propylchloride.

PROMETHAZINE(60-87-7)Related Product Information

• Phenothiazine
• 1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[(1-methylethyl)amino] hydrochloride
• rac N-Demethyl Promethazine Hydrochloride
• ISOPROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE
• PROMETHAZINE SULFOXIDE,Promethazine 5-Oxide,Promethazine 5-Sulfoxide
• Synalgos-dc
• ISOTHIPENDYL
• promethazine teoclate,Promethazine8-chlorotheophyllinate,Promethazine, 8-chlorotheophylline salt
• Promethazine hydrochloride
• ETHOPROPAZINE
• aceprometazine
• propiomazine
• Promazine
• Phenanthrene
• Promethazine 5-Oxide-d6,Promethazine 5-Sulfoxide-d6,Promethazine Sulfoxide-d6
• Promethazine for peak identification
• (+/-)-Promethazine-d6 Hydrochloride,Promethazine-d6 Hydrochloride Salt
• N-MONODESMETHYL PROMETHAZINE