BATRACHOTOXIN Property

alpha 

24584 -5 To -10°; 24300 -260° (c = 0.23 in methanol)

Boiling point:

614.87°C (rough estimate)

Density 

1.1575 (rough estimate)

refractive index 

1.5800 (estimate)

storage temp. 

Store at -20°C

pka

7.45(at 25℃)

form 

Thin film.

color 

Noncrystal

CAS DataBase Reference

23509-16-2

EPA Substance Registry System

Betrachotoxinin A, 20-.alpha.-(2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate) (23509-16-2)

Safety

RIDADR 

3172

HazardClass 

6.1(b)

PackingGroup 

III

Hazardous Substances Data

23509-16-2(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 s.c. in mice: 2 mg/kg (Tokuyama)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

BATRACHOTOXIN Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

Noncrystal.

Hazard

Extremely toxic; deadly poison; neurotoxic; cardiotoxic activity; bara-chotoxin that blocks neuromuscular transmission; respiratory paralysis; death.

Biological Activity

Potent neurotoxin that activates voltage-gated sodium channels. Shifts voltage-dependent activation to more negative potentials, inactivation is disabled and pore conductance and selectivity are altered (displays increased permeability for NH 4 + , K + and Cs + ions).

Safety Profile

A deadly poison byintraperitoneal, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes.When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes ofNOx.

Enzyme inhibitor

This lipid-soluble neurotoxin (FW = 526.67 g/mol; CAS 23509-16-2; LD50 = ~2 μg/kg mouse body weight.), isolated from the skin of the Columbian poison-dart frog Phyllobates aurotaenis, enhances Na+ conductance, promoting opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels, inducing depolarization of the resting membrane potential. It does so by binding to the sodium channel, keeping the membrane permeable to sodium ions in an all-or-none manner. This results in hyperexcitability of excitable tissues, followed by convulsions, paralysis, and death in animals. The most common use of batrachotoxin is in darts for bloguns used in hunting by the Noanamá Chocó and Emberá Chocó Indians of western Colombia. Batrachotoxin has also been identified in the feathers of the passerine birds of New Guinea Pitohui dichrous, Pitohui kirhocephalus, and Ifrita kowaldi. The less toxic batrachotoxin A is the deesterified steroid.