Tetrahydrothiophene Property

Melting point:

-96 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

119 °C (lit.)

Density 

1 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

vapor pressure 

18 mm Hg ( 25 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.504(lit.)

Flash point:

55 °F

storage temp. 

Store below +30°C.

solubility 

immiscible

form 

liquid

Specific Gravity

1.002 (20/4℃)

color 

Colorless to Almost colorless

Odor

Smells of rotting eggs

PH

7 (H2O, 20℃)

explosive limit

1.1-12.1%(V)

Odor Threshold

0.00062ppm

Odor Type

sulfurous

Water Solubility 

immiscible

Merck 

14,9218

BRN 

102392

Dielectric constant

8.6099999999999994

Stability:

Highly flammable. Vapour-air mixtures explosive in some proportions; note low flash point and fairly wide explosion limit range. Heavier than air, so potentially explosive mixtures may travel considerable distances to source of ignition.

LogP

1.8 at 20℃

CAS DataBase Reference

110-01-0(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Thiophene, tetrahydro-(110-01-0)

EPA Substance Registry System

Tetrahydrothiophene (110-01-0)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

F,Xn

Risk Statements 

11-20/21/22-36/38-52/53

Safety Statements 

16-23-36/37-61

RIDADR 

UN 2412 3/PG 2

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

XN0370000

Autoignition Temperature

202 °C

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

3

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29349990

Hazardous Substances Data

110-01-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 by inhalation in mice: 26.7 mg/l (Carlucci)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H225Highly Flammable liquid and vapour

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H412Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.

Tetrahydrothiophene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

Tetrahydrothiophene is cyclic thioalkane, namely, saturated analog of thiophene. It is a colorless transparent volatile liquid, insoluble in water, miscible in ethanol, ether, benzene, acetone. It has a strong unpleasant odor, is stable and not easily emitted, and can be smelled in the air at 0.01PPm. It is not corrosive to gas equipment, transportation pipeline gaskets and other materials, and does not produce habitual blunting of the human sense of smell, so it is used as an odorant in LPG and natural gas, outlawing the original use of ethyl mercaptan and other odor-assigning agents.

Uses

Tetrahydrothiophene is a solvent and a fuel gas odorant used in fire safety stench warning systems in underground mines. Tetrahydrothiophene was also used as an organocatalyst for the reaction between enynediones and benzoic acid to afford highly substituted furfuryl alcohol benzoates.

Uses

Tetrahydrothiophene is used as pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediates.

Preparation

Tetrahydrothiophene is prepared by the reaction of hydrogen sulfide and furan in the vapor phase at 400°C. This vapor-phase reaction is catalyzed by alumina(Al2O3) and other heterogenous acid catalysts.

Definition

ChEBI: Tetrahydrothiophene is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of tetrahydrothiophenes.

General Description

A water-white liquid. About the same density as water and insoluble in water. Flash point near 20°F. Vapors heavier than air. Used as a solvent and to make other chemicals.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Organosulfides, such as Tetrahydrothiophene, are incompatible with acids, diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents. Reactions with these materials generate heat and in many cases hydrogen gas. Many of these compounds may liberate hydrogen sulfide upon decomposition or reaction with an acid. Slow addition of hydrogen peroxide to the thiophene resulted in explosions on three occasions, Chem. Eng. News, 1974, 52(39), 3.

Health Hazard

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

Safety Profile

Mildly toxic by inhalation. Flammable liquid. Potentially explosive reaction with hydrogen peroxide. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx.

Purification Methods

The crude material is purified by crystallisation of the mercuric chloride complex to a constant melting point. It is then regenerated, washed, dried, and fractionally distilled. [Whitehead et al. J Am Chem Soc 73 3632 1951.] It has been dried over Na2SO4 and distilled in a vacuum [Roberts & Friend J Am Chem Soc 108 7204 1986]. [Beilstein 17 I 5, 17 II 15, 17 III/IV 34, 17/1 V 36.]