1,2-Dichlorobenzene Property

Melting point:

-15 °C

Boiling point:

179 °C

Density 

1.306 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor density 

5.1 (vs air)

vapor pressure 

1.2 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.551

Flash point:

150 °F

storage temp. 

Store below +30°C.

solubility 

0.13g/l

form 

Liquid

color 

Clear colorless to very slightly yellow

Odor

Aromatic; characteristic aromatic.

explosive limit

2.2-12%(V)

Water Solubility 

0.13 g/L (20 ºC)

λmax

λ: 296 nm Amax: 1.00
λ: 300 nm Amax: 0.30
λ: 305 nm Amax: 0.20
λ: 335 nm Amax: 0.05
λ: 375-400 nm Amax: 0.01

Merck 

14,3056

BRN 

606078

Henry's Law Constant

1.92 at 25 °C (gas stripping-GC, Shiu and Mackay, 1997)

Exposure limits

Ceiling 50 ppm (～300 mg/m³) (MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); IDLH 1700 ppm (NIOSH).

Dielectric constant

7.5（20℃）

Stability:

Stable, but possibly light sensitive. Combustible. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, aluminium, aluminium alloys. Attacks some rubbers and plastics.

LogP

3.433 at 25℃

CAS DataBase Reference

95-50-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Benzene, 1,2-dichloro-(95-50-1)

IARC

3 (Vol. Sup 7, 73) 1999

EPA Substance Registry System

o-Dichlorobenzene (95-50-1)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xn,N,Xi,F,T

Risk Statements 

22-36/37/38-50/53-67-66-52/53-36-11-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-51/53

Safety Statements 

9-16-26-60-61-23-45-36/37-7

OEL

Ceiling: 50 ppm (300 mg/m3)

RIDADR 

UN 1993 3/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

CZ4500000

Autoignition Temperature

640 °C

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29036100

Hazardous Substances Data

95-50-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 500 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 10000 mg/kg

IDLA

200 ppm

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H225Highly Flammable liquid and vapour

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H336May cause drowsiness or dizziness

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P233Keep container tightly closed.

P240Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.

P241Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

1,2-Dichlorobenzene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

1,2-Dichlorobenzene (DCB, o-Dichlorobenzene, ODB, Orthodichlorobenzene), C₆H₄Cl₂, is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pleasant aromatic odor. It is a combustible liquid and can form explosive mixtures with air at or above 151°F. Combustion and thermal decomposition products include hydrogen chloride gas, phosgene and chloro-carbons. Its flammable (explosive) limits are as follows: Lower 2.2%, Upper 9.2%.

Physical properties

Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pleasant, aromatic, grassy or vegetable-type odor. At 40 °C, the lowest concentration at which an odor was detected was 200 μg/L. At 25 °C, the lowest concentration at which a taste was detected was 200 μg/L (Young et al., 1996). A detection odor threshold concentration of 4.2 mg/m³ (699 ppb_v) was reported by Punter (1983).

Uses

Solvent for waxes, gums, resins, tars, rubbers, oils, asphalts; insecticide for termites and locust borers; fumigant; deodorizer; removing sulfur from illuminating gas; as degreasing agent for metals, leather, wool; as ingredient of metal polishes; as heat transfer medium; as intermediate in the manufacture of dyes.

Uses

1,2-Dichlorobenzene is used as a solvent; asa fumigant; as an insecticide for termites;as a degreasing agent for metals, wool, andleather; and as a heat transfer medium.

Definition

ChEBI: 1,2-dichlorobenzene is a dichlorobenzene carrying chloro substituents at positions 1 and 2. It has a role as a hepatotoxic agent and a metabolite.

Production Methods

1,2-Dichlorobenzene is produced by reacting liquid benzene with gaseous chlorine in the presence of a catalyst at moderate temperature and atmospheric pressure.
Dichlorobenzenes are primarily produced by the chlorination of benzene in the presence of a catalyst (FeCl3 or AlCl3) although there are other possible synthetic routes. The two commercially important isomers are the ortho- and para-dichlorobenzenes.

General Description

A clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Flash point 150°F. Toxic by inhalation and ingestion. Used to make other chemicals, solvents, fumigants and insecticides and for many other uses.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

1,2-Dichlorobenzene is sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene can react vigorously with oxidizers. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene is incompatible with aluminum and aluminum alloys. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene attacks some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. .

Health Hazard

1,2-Dichlorobenzene exhibits low acute toxi city by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorp tion. It is more toxic than chlorobenzene.The symptoms are lacrimation, depression ofcentral nervous system, anesthesia, and liverdamage. Lethal concentration in rats for a7-hour exposure period is in the range of800 ppm. The oral LD50 value in rabbits is500 mg/kg. There is no evidence of carcino genicity in animals.

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Poisonous vapors including hydrogen chloride gas, chlorocarbons, chlorine

Flammability and Explosibility

Non flammable

Chemical Reactivity

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation and intraperitoneal routes. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. An eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant. Causes liver and hdney injury. Questionable carcinogen. Mutation data reported. A pesticide. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use water, foam, CO2, or dry chemical. Slow reaction with aluminum may lead to explosion during storage in a sealed aluminum container. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-. See also CHLOROBENZENE and CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, AROMATIC.

Potential Exposure

The major uses of o-DCB are as a process solvent in the manufacturing of toluene diisocyanate and as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyestuffs, herbicides, and degreasers. p-Dichlorbenzene is used primarily as a moth repellant, a mildew control agent; space deodorant; and in insecticides, which accounts for 90% of the total production of this isomer. Information is not available concerning the production and use of m-DCB. However, it may occur as a contaminant of o-or p-DCB formulations. Both o-and p-isomers are produced almost entirely as by-products during the production of monochlorobenzene

First aid

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.

storage

Color Code—Red (o-DCB): Flammability Hazard:Store in a flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet away from ignition sources and corrosive and reactivematerials.
Color Code—Blue (m-DCB): Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location.
Color Code—Green (p-DCB): General storage may be used.Prior to working with any DCB you should be trained on itsproper handling and storage. Before entering confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make surethat an explosive concentration does not exist.Dichlorobenzene must be stored to avoid contact withstrong oxidizers, such as permanganates, nitrates, peroxides,chlorates, and perchlorates, hot aluminum or aluminumalloys since violent reactions occur. Store in tightly closedcontainers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heatand direct light. Sources of ignition, such as smoking andopen flames, are prohibited where dichlorobenzene is used,handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potentialfire or explosion hazard. A regulated, marked area shouldbe established where p-DCB is handled, used, or stored incompliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

Shipping

o-DCB: Requires a shipping label of“POISONOUS/TOXIC MATERIALS.” It falls in HazardClass 6.1 and Packing Group III.m-DCB: Toxic, liquids, organic, n.o.s. requires a shippinglabel of “POISONOUS/TOXIC MATERIALS.” It falls intoHazard Class 6.1 and Packing Group III.Based on regulations, it may be classified as anEnvironmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s. Underthis classification, it requires a shipping label of “CLASS9.” It falls in Hazard Class 9 and Packing Group III.[20,21]p-DCB: May be classified as an Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s. This chemical requires ashipping label of “CLASS 9.” It falls in Hazard Class 9 andPacking Group III.[20,21]

Purification Methods

Contaminants may include the p-isomer and trichlorobenzene [Suslick et al. J Am Chem Soc 106 4522 1984]. It should be shaken with conc or fuming H2SO4, washed with water, dried with CaCl2, and distilled from CaH2 or sodium in a glass-packed column. Low conductivity material (ca 10-10 mhos) has been obtained by refluxing with P2O5, fractionally distilling and passing it through a column packed with silica gel or activated alumina: it is stored in a dry-box under N2 or with activated alumina. [Beilstein 5 IV 654.]

Incompatibilities

1,2-Dichlorobenzene forms hydrogen chloride gas when in the presence of strong oxidizers or chemically active metals like aluminum, or when heated to decomposition (HSDB 2007).

Waste Disposal

Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal