Trifluoperazine Property

Melting point:

232°C

Boiling point:

bp0.6 202-210°

Density 

1.2060 (estimate)

storage temp. 

Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under inert atmosphere

solubility 

DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Slightly)

form 

Solid

pka

pKa 8.05±0.04(H2O t = 20 0.5 I not reported but pKa was stated to be independent of I.) (Uncertain)

color 

White to Off-White

Water Solubility 

12.23mg/L(24 ºC)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Trifluoperazine(117-89-5)

Safety

Hazardous Substances Data

117-89-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 orally in rats, mice: 542.7, 424.0 mg/ml (Fowler)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Trifluoperazine Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Originator

Stelazine,SKF,US,1958

Uses

Antipsychotic.

Uses

10-[3-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazine is a psychoactive drug.

Uses

Trifluoperazine is one of the most active antipsychotic drugs. A moderate stimulatory effect accompanies the neuroleptic effect. Trifluoperazine is unique in that, patients instead of the usual stiffness and weakness characteristic of phenothazine derivatives, become more lively. This drug has a strong anticonvulsant activity. It is widely used in psychiatry for treating schizophrenia and other mental illnesses.

Definition

ChEBI: Trifluoperazine is a member of the class of phenothiazines that is phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position. It has a role as a dopaminergic antagonist, an antiemetic, an EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor, an EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor, a calmodulin antagonist and a phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. It is a N-alkylpiperazine, a N-methylpiperazine, a member of phenothiazines and an organofluorine compound.

Manufacturing Process

A mixture of 17.2 grams of 2-trifluoromethylphenothiazine, 3.1 grams of sodamide and 14 grams of 1-(3'-chloropropyl)-4-methylpiperazine in 200 ml of xylene is heated at reflux for 2 hours. The salts are extracted into 150 ml of water. The xylene layer is then extracted with several portions of dilute hydrochloric acid. The acid extracts are combined and neutralized with ammonium hydroxide solution. The product, 10-[3'-(4''-methyl-1''- piperazinyl)-propyl]-2-trifluoromethylphenothiazine, is taken into benzene and purified by vacuum distillation, BP 202° to 210°C at 0.6 mm.

Therapeutic Function

Tranquilizer

Clinical Use

Schizophrenia and other psychoses
Anxiety
Severe nausea and vomiting

Synthesis

Trifluoperazine, 2-trifluoromethyl-10-[3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl) propyl]- phenothazine (6.1.5), is synthesized in the manner described above of alkylation using 2- trifluoromethylphenothazin-4-methyl-1-piperazinylpropylchloride [11,17–20].

Drug interactions

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Anaesthetics: enhanced hypotensive effect.
Analgesics: increased risk of convulsions with tramadol; enhanced hypotensive and sedative effects with opioids; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with methadone.
Anti-arrhythmics: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with anti-arrhythmics that prolong the QT interval, e.g. procainamide, disopyramide, dronedarone and amiodarone - avoid with amiodarone and dronedarone.
Antibacterials: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with delamanid and moxifloxacin - avoid with moxifloxacin.
Antidepressants: increased level of tricyclics; possibly increased risk of antimuscarinic side effects; risk of ventricular arrhythmias with citalopram and escitalopram - avoid; possible increased risk of convulsions with vortioxetine.
Antiepileptics: antagonism (convulsive threshold lowered).
Antimalarials: avoid with artemether/lumefantrine and piperaquine with artenimol.
Antipsychotics: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with droperidol and pimozide - avoid; possible increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with risperidone.
Antivirals: concentration possibly increased with ritonavir; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with saquinavir - avoid.
Anxiolytics and hypnotics: increased sedative effects.
Atomoxetine: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Beta-blockers: enhanced hypotensive effect; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with sotalol.
Cytotoxics: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with arsenic trioxide.
Diuretics: enhanced hypotensive effect.
Lithium: increased risk of extrapyramidal side effects and possibly neurotoxicity.
Pentamidine: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias.

Metabolism

Trifluoperazine undergoes extensive first pass metabolism. The major metabolite is the possibly active N-oxide; other metabolites include the sulfoxide and the 7-hydroxy derivative.
Elimination occurs in the bile and urine.