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Ethyl acetoacetate

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Ethyl acetoacetate Basic information

Product Name:
Ethyl acetoacetate
Synonyms:
  • Ethyl acetoacetate, 99%, pure
  • Ethyl acetoacetate, extra pure
  • Acetoacetic acid ethyl
  • Ethyl acetoacetate,Acetoacetic ester
  • Ethyl acetoacetate, synthesis grade
  • Ethyl acetoacetate,99+%,extra pure
  • Ethyl acetoacetate >=99.0%
  • 2-ethyl-3-oxobutanoate
CAS:
141-97-9
MF:
C6H10O3
MW:
130.14
EINECS:
205-516-1
Product Categories:
  • Organic synthesis
  • Solvent
  • Pharmaceutical Intermediates
  • Organics
  • API intermediates
  • Miscellaneous
  • ester Flavor
  • Analytical Reagents
  • Analytical Reagents for General Use
  • Analytical/Chromatography
  • Building Blocks
  • C6 to C7
  • Carbonyl Compounds
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • E-H
  • Esters
  • Organic Building Blocks
  • Puriss p.a.
  • bc0001
  • 141-97-9
Mol File:
141-97-9.mol
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Ethyl acetoacetate Chemical Properties

Melting point:
−43 °C(lit.)
Boiling point:
181 °C(lit.)
Density 
1.029 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density 
4.48 (vs air)
vapor pressure 
1 mm Hg ( 28.5 °C)
refractive index 
n20/D 1.419
FEMA 
2415 | ETHYL ACETOACETATE
Flash point:
185 °F
storage temp. 
Store below +30°C.
solubility 
116 g/L (20°C)
pka
11(at 25℃)
form 
Liquid
color 
APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity
1.027~1.035 (20/4℃)
Odor
Agreeable, fruity.
PH
4.0 (110g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Relative polarity
0.577
explosive limit
1.0-54%(V)
Odor Type
fruity
Water Solubility 
116 g/L (20 ºC)
JECFA Number
595
Merck 
14,3758
BRN 
385838
Dielectric constant
15.0(Ambient)
Stability:
Stable. Incompatible with acids, bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, alkali metals. Combustible.
InChIKey
XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
0.8 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference
141-97-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Butanoic acid, 3-oxo-, ethyl ester(141-97-9)
EPA Substance Registry System
Ethyl acetoacetate (141-97-9)
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Safety Information

Hazard Codes 
Xi
Risk Statements 
36
Safety Statements 
26-24/25
RIDADR 
UN 1993
WGK Germany 
1
RTECS 
AK5250000
Autoignition Temperature
580 °F
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
3.2
PackingGroup 
III
HS Code 
29183000
Hazardous Substances Data
141-97-9(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 orally in rats: 3.98 g/kg (Smyth)

MSDS

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Ethyl acetoacetate Usage And Synthesis

Description

The organic compound ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) is the ethyl ester of acetoacetic acid. It is mainly used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide variety of compounds, such as amino acids, analgesics, antibiotics, antimalarial agents, antipyrine and amino pyrine, and vitamin B1; as well as the manufacture of dyes, inks, lacquers, perfumes, plastics, and yellow paint pigments. Alone, it is used as a flavoring for food.

Chemical Properties

Ethyl acetoacetate has a characteristic ether-like, fruity, pleasant, refreshing odor.

Chemical Properties

Ethyl 3-Oxobutanoate is a colorless liquid with a fruity, ethereal, sweet odor reminiscent of green apples. It is used to create fresh, fruity top notes in feminine fine fragrances. Ethyl acetoacetate occurs in flavors of natural materials such as coffee, strawberries, and yellow passion fruits.

Occurrence

Naturally occurring in strawberry, coffee, sherry, passion fruit juice (yellow), babaco fruit (Carica pentagona Heilborn) and bread.

Uses

Ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) is used as starting material for the syntheses of alpha-substituted acetoacetic esters and cyclic compounds, e.g. pyrazole, pyrimidine and coumarin derivatives as well as intermediate for vitamins and pharmaceuticals. Product Data Sheet

Uses

Ethyl acetoacetate is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis and as a co-promoter for unsaturated polyester resins. It is widely used in the production of dyes, inks, perfumes, plastics and flavoring agents. It is an important starting material for the syntheses of alpha-substituted acetoacetic esters and cyclic compounds like pyrazole, pyrimidine and coumarin derivatives. It acts as an intermediate in the synthesis of vitamins and pharmaceuticals. It finds application as a formaldehyde scavenger.

Definition

This compound is a tautomer at room temperature consisting of about 93% keto form and 7% enol form.

Production Methods

Ethyl acetoacetate is manufactured through a reaction of high-purity ethyl acetate with sodium, followed by neutralization with sulfuric acid.

Preparation

Ethyl acetoacetate is produced industrially by treatment of diketene with ethanol.
The preparation of ethyl acetoacetate is a classic laboratory procedure . It is prepared via the Claisen condensation of ethyl acetate. Two moles of ethyl acetate condense to form one mole each of ethyl acetoacetate and ethanol.

Aroma threshold values

Detection: 520 ppb. Aroma characteristics at 10%: sweet fruity apple, fermented, slightly fusel-like and rummy, fruity banana with tropical nuances.

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 100 ppm: fruity banana, apple and white grape with slightly green estry and tropical nuances.Taste characteristics at 300 ppm: estery, fatty, fruity and tutti-frutti

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 58, p. 793, 1993 DOI: 10.1021/jo00055a046

General Description

A colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Flash point 185°F. Boiling point 365°F. May cause adverse health effects if ingested or inhaled. May irritate to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Used in organic synthesis and in lacquers and paints.

Air & Water Reactions

Flammable.

Reactivity Profile

Ethyl acetoacetate, a beta-keto ester, is more reactive than many esters. Undergoes an exothermic cleavage reaction in the presence of concentrated base. Reacts with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Mixing with 2,2,2-tris(bromomethyl)ethanol and zinc led to an explosion [US Patent 3 578 619, Crotonaldehyde may rapidly polymerize with Ethyl acetoacetate (Soriano, D.S. et al. 1988. Journal of Chemical Education 65:637.).1971].

Hazard

Toxic by ingestion and inhalation; irritant to skin and eyes.

Health Hazard

Liquid may cause mild irritation of eyes.

Flammability and Explosibility

Non flammable

Chemical Reactivity

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Chemical Reactivity

Ethyl acetoacetate is subject to Keto - enol tautomerism. Ethyl acetoacetate is often used in the acetoacetic ester synthesis similar to diethyl malonate in the malonic ester synthesis or the Knoevenagel condensation. The protons alpha to carbonyl groups are acidic, and the resulting carbanion can undergo nucleophilic substitution. A subsequent thermal decarboxylation is also possible.Similar to the behavior of acetylacetone, the enolate of ethyl acetoacetate can also serve as a bidentate ligand. For example, it forms purple coordination complexes with iron (III) salts :
Ethyl acetoacetate can also be reduced to ethyl 3-hydroxy butyrate.

Safety Profile

eye irritant. Combustible liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidzing materials. Explosive reaction when heated with Zn + tribromoneopentyl alcohol or 2,2,2 tris(bromomethy1)ethanol. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ESTERS.

Synthesis

Ethyl acetoacetate is a mixture of two tautomer forms: the enolic and the ketonic; the liquid ester at equilibrium contains approximately 70% of the enolic form. It is prepared by Claisen condensation of ethyl acetate in the presence of sodium ethylate; also by reacting diketene with ethanol in the presence of sulfuric acid or triethylamine and sodium acetate, with or without solvent.

Purification Methods

Shake the ester with small amounts of saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (until no further effervescence), then with water. Dry it with MgSO4 or CaCl2 and distil it under reduced pressure. [Beilstein 3 IV 1528.]

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