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Cysteamine

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Cysteamine Basic information

Product Name:
Cysteamine
Synonyms:
  • 2-Amino-1-ethanethiol
  • 2-amino-ethanethio
  • 2-Aminoethyl mercaptan
  • 2-aminoethylmercaptan
  • THIOETHANOLAMINE
  • 2-MERCAPTOETHYLAMINE
  • 2-MERCAPTOETHYLAMINE, POLYMER-BOUND
  • 2-AMINOETHANETHIOL
CAS:
60-23-1
MF:
C2H7NS
MW:
77.15
EINECS:
200-463-0
Product Categories:
  • ZOCOR
  • Pharmaceutical Intermediates
  • Amino Acid Library
  • Building Blocks
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Metabolic Libraries
  • ANTIOXIDANTS
  • Antioxidant
  • Biochemistry
  • Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry
  • Metabolomics
  • Organic Building Blocks
  • Sulfur Compounds
  • Thiols/Mercaptans
  • Metal Scavengers
  • MetalChemical Synthesis
  • Scavengers
  • Supported Synthesis
Mol File:
60-23-1.mol
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Cysteamine Chemical Properties

Melting point:
95°C
Boiling point:
130 °C
Density 
0.934 (estimate)
refractive index 
1.5300 (estimate)
storage temp. 
2-8°C
Water Solubility 
Soluble in water
solubility 
Water (soluble), Ethanol (soluble (95% EtOH))
pka
8.35(at 25℃)
form 
Powder
color 
White to slightly yellow
Merck 
14,2779
BRN 
635649
Stability:
Stable, but may be air-sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
CAS DataBase Reference
60-23-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System
Cysteamine (60-23-1)
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Safety Information

Hazard Codes 
Xn
Risk Statements 
22-36/37/38
Safety Statements 
26-36
RIDADR 
3259
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
KJ0175000
1-3-10-13-34
HS Code 
29309090
Hazardous Substances Data
60-23-1(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 625 orally; 250 i.p. (Klayman); (Srivastava, Field)

MSDS

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Cysteamine Usage And Synthesis

Description

2-AMINOETHANETHIOL is the chemical compound with the formula HSCH2CH2NH2. It is the simplest stable aminothiol and a degradation product of the amino acid cysteine. It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, HSCH2CH2NH3Cl. The comparatively high melting point of cysteamine (95-97 °C), indicates that exists in a salt form.

Chemical Properties

2-AMINOETHANETHIOL is white powder

Uses

antihyperlipidemic, HMGCoA reductase inhibitor

Uses

Scavenges benzyl and allyl halides and ketones.

Uses

Cysteamine is suitable for use:

  • in the preparation of cysteamine modified gold nanoparticles (AuNP)
  • in the fabrication of SU-8 microrods, where in, the amine group of cysteamine reacts with the unreacted epoxide rings present on the surface of the particles, thereby opening it and forming a covalent bond
  • to enhance in vitro development of porcine oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro
  • in a study to demonstrate the depletion effect of cysteamine on cystinotic leucocyte granular fractions of cystine by disulphide interchange
  • as a radioprotector
  • to administer subcutaneously in rats to study its blocking effect on somatostatin secretion without modifying the pancreatic insulin or glucagon content
  • as a scavenger in electrophoretic gels (acetic acid/urea gels)

Uses

2-Aminoethanethiol is used in preparation method of fluorescence quenching array sensor based on cadmium telluride quantum dots and application in qualitative discrimination and quantitative analysis of organic acids.

Preparation

Cysteamine can also be prepared by the reaction of ethylenimine with hydrogen sulfide.
(NHCH2CH2) + H2S → HSCH2CH2NH2.

Definition

2-AMINOETHANETHIOL is an amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.

Reactions

2-AMINOETHANETHIOL is used as the hydrochloride salt, as it readily oxidizes to the corresponding disulfide, in the presence of air. The amine portion of the molecule serves as a catalyst for this reaction.
4 HSCH2CH2NH2 + O2 → 2 NH2CH2CH2SSCH2CH2NH2 + 2 H2O.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Under the trade name Cystagon, cysteamine is used in the treatment of disorders of cystine excretion. Cysteamine cleaves the disulfide bond with cystine to produce molecules that can escape the metabolic defect in cystinosis and cystinuria.
It is also used for treatment of radiation sickness.
Cysteamine is used in the body to form the essential biochemical coenzyme A by combining with pantothenate and adenosine triphosphate.
In 2008, Raptor Pharmaceuticals started phase II clinical trials testing a delayed release (DR) preparation of cysteamine bitartrate for Huntington's disease. DR Cysteamine is also being investigated as a treatment for cystinosis, Batten disease, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Cysteamine (β-mercaptoethylamine) depletes cystine from patient′s cells and there by regulates renal glomerular function and increases growth in them. Therefore, cysteamine is considered to be a potential therapeutic for nephropathic cystinosis.

Safety Profile

Poison by intravenous, subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal routesModerately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of SO, and NOx,.

Purification Methods

It is soluble in H2O giving an alkaline reaction, and it has a disagreeable odour. A likely impurity is the disulfide cystamine which is not soluble in alkaline solution. Under a N2 atmosphere dissolve it in EtOH, evaporate to dryness and wash the white residue with dry pet ether, then sublime it at 0.1mm and store it under N2 at 0-10o in the dark. Its HgCl2 (2:3) complex has m 181-182o (from H2O), and its picrate has m 125-126o. [Mills & Bogert J Am Chem Soc 57 2328 1935, 62 1173 1940, Baddiley & Thain J Chem Soc 800 1952, Shirley Preparation of Organic Intermediates (J. Wiley) Vol 3 189 1951, Barkowski & Hedberg J Am Chem Soc 109 6989 1987, Beilstein 4 IV 1570.]

CysteamineSupplier

Rhawn Reagent Gold
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400-1332688 18019345275
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amy@rhawn.cn
Shanghai Boyle Chemical Co., Ltd.
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021-50182298 021-50180596
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sales@boylechem.com
J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD.
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010-82848833 400-666-7788
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jkinfo@jkchemical.com
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
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021-61259108 18621169109
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market03@meryer.com
TCI (Shanghai) Development Co., Ltd.
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021-67121386
Email
Sales-CN@TCIchemicals.com