Fluoroboric acid Chemical Properties

Melting point:

-90°C

Boiling point:

130°C (dec.)

Density 

1.38 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)

vapor density 

3 (vs air)

vapor pressure 

5 mmHg ( 20 °C)

refractive index 

nD20 of a 20% aq soln 1.3284

Flash point:

−40 °F

solubility 

very soluble in H2O, ethanol

pka

-4.9[at 20 ℃]

form 

Liquid

color 

Light Yellow

Odor

Odorless

Water Solubility 

MISCIBLE

Merck 

14,4149

Exposure limits

ACGIH: TWA 2.5 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 250 mg/m3

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong bases, cyanides.

CAS DataBase Reference

16872-11-0(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Fluoroboric acid (16872-11-0)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

C

Risk Statements 

34

Safety Statements 

26-36/37/39-45-37-27

RIDADR 

UN 1775 8/PG 2

WGK Germany 

1

RTECS 

ED2685000

F 

3

Hazard Note 

Corrosive

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

8

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

28111990

Hazardous Substances Data

16872-11-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
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Fluoroboric acid Usage And Synthesis

Outline

Fluoroboric acid is also known as "hydrogen fluoroboric acid," "tetrafluoroborate boron-hydrogen acid." Chemical formula is HBF4. Molecular weight is 87.81. It is transparent colorless liquid, toxic, has a strong corrosion, it can not be stored in a glass container for a long time. Boiling point is 130 ℃, while it decomposes slowly. Dissolved in water and ethanol, thermal decomposition with water to generate oxygen fluorine boric acid and boron trioxide (may be concentrated to 30%), the solution was strongly acidic, it does not corrode glass at room temperature. Fluoroboric acid is a strong acid, only exists in solution, the common fluoroborate is potassium tetrafluoroborate.
Method: Can be prepared by the reaction of Concentrated hydrofluoric acid and boric acid.
Uses: used in light metal smelting and electroplating, etc. Even very dilute solution can also be used as fermentation inhibitors, also used for preparing diazonium salts, acetal catalyst, used as an agent for determination of sodium in the presence of magnesium and potassium ions. Aniline as raw materials in concentrated hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium nitrite to generate diazonium salt, then at a low temperature (-10 ℃), diazonium salt reacts with fluoroboric acid, final pyrolysis, can be prepared fluorophenyl.
The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Yan Yanyong.

Toxicity

It has a strong corrosive effect on the skin, mucous membrane, has a irritative effect on the eyes and respiratory system. Even diluted to be very thin, it can hinder fermentation. Maximum allowable concentration is 2.5 mg/m3. If accidentally splashed on the eyes or body, flush eyes with water, wash contaminated body parts thoroughly with soap and water. In severe cases, sent the patient to the hospital. The operator must wear masks, rubber gloves and wear overalls.

Chemical Properties

Transparent colorless liquid. miscible with water or alcohol.

Uses

Used as acetaldehyde synthesis catalysts, the metal surface cleaning agents, lead electrolytic polishing agents, the diazonium salt stabilizer, etc.
Used as Diazonium salts stabilizer, but also for electrolysis industry, etc.
Used for cleaning metal surface oxide, silicate film and as a corrosive, for cleaning before aluminum and alloy electroplating. 2.5% solution is for electrolytic polishing of pure aluminum and used as rewashing lotion for removing flux and electroplating parts from the metal substrate, as a catalyst for alkylation and polymerization, preservatives, chemical reagents, as well as the starting materials for preparing various fluoborates.
Used to clean metal and alloy surfaces prior to plating.
Used for preparing stabilized diazonium salts, manufacturing acetal catalyzed, used as an agent for determination of sodium in the presence of potassium ions and magnesium ions, a catalyst in organic synthesis, but also used for the sponge titanium and its alloys-dissolution and the printed wiring board industry.

Production method

Hydrofluoric acid method is according to the theoretical amount of hydrofluoric acid and boric acid ingredients, slowly adding boric acid to hydrofluoric acid under stirring, the reaction temperature was controlled below 40 ℃, stop mechanical stirring upon heating completed, placed at room temperature for more than 2h, then filtered and purified to obtain fluoroborate finished production.
4HF + H3BO3 → HBF3OH + HF + 2H2O
HBF3OH + HF → HBF4 + H2O

Category

Corrosive materials

Toxicity grading

Poisoning

Flammability hazard characteristics

In case of hair H combustible pore-forming agent; thermal decomposition of toxic fluoride gas.

Storage Characteristics

Treasury ventilation low-temperature drying, stored separately from Cyanide, 3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazobicyclo-nonane, alkalis.

Extinguishing agent

Sand, carbon dioxide

Professional standards

TWA 2.5 mg (fluorine)/cubic meter

Description

Fluoboric acid is a colorless liquid which doesnot exist as a free, pure substance. Used as an aqueous solution. Molecular weight=87.82; Boiling point=130C(decomposes). Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704M Rating System): Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0.Soluble in water.

Chemical Properties

Fluoboric acid is a colourless liquid, completely solvable in water. Fluoboric acid is a stable chemical substance and extremely reactive or incompatible with strong bases, cyanides. It is very corrosive in the presence of steel, aluminium, zinc, and copper and highly corrosive in the presence of glass and stainless steel.

Chemical Properties

Fluoboric acid is a colorless liquid which does not exist as a free, pure substance. Used as an aqueous solution.

Uses

As catalyst for preparing acetals, esterifying cellulose; to clean metal surfaces before welding; to brighten aluminum; as a solute in electrolytes for plating metals such as chromium, iron, nickel, copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, indium, tin, and lead (has a high throwing power). Reagent for sodium in the presence of magnesium and potassium ions; for making stabilized diazo salts (diazonium and tetrazonium fluoborates). An 0.1 to 0.5% solution retards fermentation: Homeyer, Pharm. Ztg. 34, 761 (1889).

Uses

Tetrafluoroboric acid is used in conjunction with various methods of cleaning and treat the surface of substrates. It is used as radiotracers.

Definition

ChEBI: Tetrafluoroboric acid is a boron fluoride. It is a conjugate acid of a tetrafluoroborate(1-).

General Description

A colorless odorless poisonous liquid. Boiling point 130°C. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Fluoroboric acid is used in electroplating, metal cleaning and making diazo salts.

Air & Water Reactions

Soluble in water with release of heat.

Reactivity Profile

Fluoroboric acid is a strong acid. Reacts exothermically with chemical bases (examples: amines, amides, and inorganic hydroxides). These reactions can generate dangerously large amounts of heat in small spaces. Dissolution in water or the dilution of a concentrated aqueous solution may generate significant heat. Reacts with active metals, including such structural metals as aluminum and iron, to release hydrogen, a flammable gas. Can initiate the polymerization of certain alkenes. Reacts with cyanide compounds to release gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Generates flammable and/or toxic gases in contact with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and strong reducing agents. Additional gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and carbonates. May catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions. Attempted drying of the acid with acetic anhydride caused an explosion at 0°C [J. Organomet. Chem., 1975, 94, 319].

Hazard

Highly toxic, corrosive, irritant.

Health Hazard

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

Flammability and Explosibility

Non flammable

Safety Profile

A corrosive acid. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of B and F-.

Potential Exposure

Used as a catalyst for acetal synthesis and cellulose esters; a metal surface cleaning agent; an alu minum electrolytic finishing agent; a stripping solution for the removal of solder and plated metals; and an intermedi ate in making fluoroborate salt.

First aid

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. If victim is conscious, administer water ormilk. Do not induce vomiting. Medical observation isrecommended for 24-48 h after breathing overexposure, aspulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consideradministering a corticosteroid spray.

storage

Color Code—White: Corrosive or Contact Hazard;Store separately in a corrosion-resistant location. Prior toworking with this chemical you should be trained on itsproper handling and storage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from chemicallyactive metals and strong bases. Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums or other storage containers toprocess containers.

Shipping

UN1775 Fluoroboric acid, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.

Purification Methods

Crystallise fluoroboric acid several times from conductivity water. It can be stored in a glass vessel at room temperature. [Kwasnik in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I pp 221-222 1963.]

Incompatibilities

A strong acid. Reacts violently with chemically active metals; strong bases, releasing flammable hydrogen gas.

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