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INSULIN

Product Name
INSULIN
CAS No.
11070-73-8
Chemical Name
INSULIN
Synonyms
HuMan recoMbinant Insulin;INSULIN BOVINE;Insulin from bovine pancreas;INSULIN;ProMaxx;abs9169;27USP U/MG;insulin(ox);Insulin beef;bovineinsulin
CBNumber
CB0336088
Molecular Formula
C254H377N65O75S6
Formula Weight
5733.49
MOL File
Mol file
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INSULIN Property

storage temp. 
-20°C
solubility 
acidified water, pH 2.0: 2 mg/mL
form 
solution
Merck 
13,5003
Stability:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Keep refrigerated at -20 C
CAS DataBase Reference
11070-73-8
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Safety

Safety Statements 
22-24/25
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
NM8900250
3-10
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Danger
Hazard statements

H334May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P285In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.

P304+P341IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P342+P311IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
I6279
Product name
ProteoMass™ Insulin MALDI-MS Standard
Purity
vial of 10?nmol, monoisotopic mol wt 5,729.6087?Da
Packaging
5x1vial
Price
$292
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
I1882
Product name
Insulin from bovine pancreas
Packaging
100mg
Price
$604
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
I0516
Product name
Insulin solution from bovine pancreas
Purity
10?mg/mLinsulinin25?mMHEPES,pH?8.2,BioReagent,sterile-filtered,suitable
Packaging
5ml
Price
$138
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
I-035
Product name
Insulin from bovine pancreas solution
Purity
100?μg/mL (PBS pH 7.2), certified reference material, ampule of 0.5?mL, Cerilliant?
Packaging
0.5ml
Price
$185
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
I6634
Product name
Insulin from bovine pancreas
Packaging
50mg
Price
$290
Updated
2024/03/01
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INSULIN Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

white solid

Chemical Properties

Insulin is a relatively simple protein consisting of 51 amino acids arranged as two polypeptide chains, an α- chain and β-chain, connected by disulfide bonds; the latter are necessary to maintain tertiary structure and biological activity. Although the amino acid sequence and composition of animal insulins may differ slightly from those of human insulin, their biological actions are similar. Alteration of specific amino acid residues within the insulin molecule yields novel derivatives that vary in their pharmacokinetics and binding affinity for the insulin receptor. Some insulin analogues display mitogenic properties in addition to their metabolic effects.

Uses

Antidiabetic.

Uses

Insulin is a peptide hormone regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. It is used in the treatment of those suffering from the diabetes type I and II metabolic disorders. Regulates the absorption of glucose from the blood to skeletal muscles and fat storage.

Uses

Recommended for use in cell culture applications at 0.5 to 1 mL per liter of medium.

Definition

A polypeptide hormone having a molecular weight of 5733. It is formed in the islets of Langerhans located in the pancreas and was so named for this reason. Insulin is composed of 16 amino acids arranged in a coiled chain and crosslinked in several places

Indications

More than a century has passed since von Mering and Minkowski first demonstrated that pancreatectomized dogs exhibited signs and symptoms characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Shortly thereafter, Banting and Best used pancreatic extracts to reverse these symptoms in diabetic patients, thus providing a basis for establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between insulin deficiency and diabetes. Insulin was subsequently isolated, crystallized, and eventually synthesized in the laboratory. Insulin replacement therapy has been widely used in the clinical management of diabetes mellitus for more than 70 years. In 1982, recombinant DNA (rDNA) derived human insulin was first produced and is now widely used instead of insulin derived from beef or pork. More recently, insulin analogues have been produced that modulate the activity and rate of insulin action.

Hazard

Overdosage can be fatal.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Two-chain polypeptide hormone produced by the β-cells of pancreatic islets. Its molecular weight is ~5800 Da. The α and β chains are joined by two interchain disulfide bonds. The α chain contains an intrachain disulfide bond. Insulin regulates the cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids and inhibits the breakdown of glycogen, protein, and fat.

Pharmacology

Insulin is usually administered subcutaneously. Depending on the type of insulin being administered, the rate of insulin absorption can be modulated by altering the polymerization of the insulin molecule (e.g., monomers, dimers, or hexamers). Intramuscular injections of insulin are used less often because absorption is more rapid. Being a polypeptide hormone, insulin is readily inactivated if administered orally. In emergencies, such as severe diabetic ketoacidosis, insulin can be given intravenously. Clinical studies are examining the efficacy and safety of inhaled insulin, which may be promising for some patients.
Once insulin enters the circulation, its plasma halflife is less than 10 minutes. Hepatic insulinases destroy approximately 50% of circulating insulin, with the remainder degraded by circulating proteases. Therefore, only a relatively small amount of the total endogenous insulin secreted ever reaches the peripheral tissues. Although a number of tissues accumulate small amounts of insulin, the liver and kidney are the principal sites of hormone uptake and degradation. Insulin metabolism is accomplished both through the actions of an insulinspecific protease found in the cytosol of many tissues and by the reductive cleavage of the insulin disulfide bonds by glutathione–insulin transhydrogenase. In the kidney, insulin that undergoes glomerular filtration is almost completely reabsorbed and metabolized within the proximal convoluted tubules of the nephron.

Clinical Use

According to the DCCT and the UK Prospective Diabetes study, insulin and/or insulin analogues are the standard treatment for type 1, gestational, and some type 2 diabetes.

Side effects

Insulin Overdose and Diabetic Coma The most common and serious reaction to insulin therapy is hypoglycemia. It is important that patients with diabetes, especially those receiving insulin therapy, be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Symptoms of hypoglycemia may be evident with a plasma glucose level at 60 to 80 mg/dL. Severe hypoglycemia can lead to convulsions and coma. Patients that vigorously attempt to achieve euglycemia to avoid various vascular complications risk increased frequency of hypoglycemic episodes. In the DCCT, the incidence of severe hypoglycemic reactions was threefold higher in the intensive insulin therapy group than in the conventional therapy group.

Metabolism

Insulin degradation occurs primarily in the liver and kidney. Of that which is secreted from the pancreatic islet cells, 50% reaches the liver via the portal vein and undergoes disulfide bond cleavage catalyzed by glutathione insulin transhydrogenase (insulinase). This is followed by proteolytic degradation before entry into the general circulation. Insulin is filtered by the renal glomeruli and can then be reabsorbed or degraded by the tubules. At the tissue level, insulin degradation occurs to a limited extent at the cell surface.

INSULIN Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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INSULIN Suppliers

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View Lastest Price from INSULIN manufacturers

Hebei Kangcang new material Technology Co., LTD
Product
Insulin 11070-73-8
Price
US $150.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
98%
Supply Ability
20ton
Release date
2024-03-21
Shanghai Zheyan Biotech Co., Ltd.
Product
Insulin(bovine pancreas) 11070-73-8
Price
US $50.00/MG
Min. Order
25MG
Purity
27U/mg
Supply Ability
1kg
Release date
2018-07-10

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