BITTER ORANGE Property

FEMA 

2823 | ORANGE PEEL BITTER OIL (CITRUS AURANTIUM L.)

Odor

at 100.00 %. orangeflower

Odor Type

floral

EPA Substance Registry System

Oils, orange, sour (68916-04-1)

Safety

Toxicity

The acute oral LD₅₀ value in rats was reported as > 5 g/kg (Owen, 1971a). The acute dermal LD₅₀ value in rabbits was reported as > 10 g/kg (Owen, 1971b).

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H304May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways

H315Causes skin irritation

H317May cause an allergic skin reaction

H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P272Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P321Specific treatment (see … on this label).

P332+P313IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P333+P313IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P362Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

P391Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

BITTER ORANGE Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Refer to ORANGE BLOSSOMS, ABSOLUTE.

Chemical Properties

Bitter orange peel oil can be obtained by the following methods: (1) expression of fresh fruit rinds (peel) using suitable machinery that ruptures the oil-bearing cells, followed by separation and purification by centrifugation or (2) steam distillation of peels. The quality of the product obtained by expression is quite different and considered of much higher quality than oil obtained by steam distillation. The oil has a fragrant, bitter flavor.

Chemical Properties

Neroli bigarade is a product obtained by processing flowers of the bitter orange tree. The blossoming flowers are the only part used. Neroli bigarade has a very powerful floral odor with a bitter flavor. For additional information, see Orange, Bitter.

Chemical Properties

Bitter orange oil is obtained by pressing fresh peel fromthe fruits of C. aurantium L. (Rutaceae). It is produced mainly in Mediterranean countries and is a pale yellow to yellowish-brown liquid with a slightly mandarin-like odor and a somewhat bitter aroma.
d²⁰₂₀ 0.840–0.860; n²⁰_D 1.472–1.476; α²⁰_D +88 ° to +98 °; evaporation residue: 3.5–6%; solubility: 1 vol in ≤8 vol. 90% ethanol. Composition by GC: limonene 93–95%; linalyl acetate 0.5–1%; decanal tr. ?0.3% (data of Mediterranean type; data for American and Equatorial type may differ slightly).
Although limonene is also the main component, at 92.95–95%, the content of other constituents differs from that of sweet orange oil; that is, its aldehyde content is lower and its ester (e.g., linalyl and geranyl acetate) content is higher.
In addition to the fruits, other parts of bitter orange tree, C. aurantium L., also serve for the production of fragrant raw materials: Neroli oil and orange flower absolute are obtained from the flowers, and the twigs and leaves yield the so-called petitgrain bigarade oil.
Worldwide production of bitter orange oil ismuch lower than that of other pressed peel oils. The preferred quality is produced in Spain (Seville bitter orange oil). Bitter orange oil is predominantly used for flavoring alcoholic beverages (liqueurs).

Physical properties

Oil obtained by expression has a deep-yellow color.

Physical properties

The absolute obtained from concrete is a yellow-red liquid with an extremely suave odor typical of the flower

Occurrence

Found in the fresh peel of the fruit Citrus aurantium Linne (Fam. Rutaceae).

Preparation

By the expression of the fresh peel of the fruit, Citrus aurantium Linne, by various methods, without the use of heat.

Definition

Extractives and their physically modified derivatives. Citrus aurantium, Citrus.

Essential oil composition

Dried flowers and leaves of bitter orange had a similar flavonoid pattern, but the flavonoid levels of flowers were higher than those of leaves. The mean levels of the principal flavonoid compounds were, respectively, total flavonoids 12.35 and 1.06%, neohesperidin 5.44 and 0.08%, naringin 1.93 and 0.06%, eriocitrin 0.38 and 0.25%.

Essential oil composition

The main constituents include d-limonene, various acids, aldehydes and diesters.