Ethyl isobutyrate Property

Melting point:

-88°C

Boiling point:

112-113 °C (lit.)

Density 

0.865 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

vapor density 

4.01 (vs air)

vapor pressure 

40 mm Hg ( 33.8 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.387(lit.)

FEMA 

2428 | ETHYL ISOBUTYRATE

Flash point:

57 °F

storage temp. 

Flammables area

solubility 

alcohol: miscible(lit.)

form 

Liquid

color 

Clear colorless

Odor

at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. sweet ethereal fruity alcoholic fusel rummy

Odor Type

fruity

Odor Threshold

0.000022ppm

Water Solubility 

Not miscible or difficult to mix in water. Soluble in alcohol.

JECFA Number

186

Merck 

14,3814

BRN 

773846

Stability:

Volatile

LogP

1.8 at 22.9℃

CAS DataBase Reference

97-62-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester(97-62-1)

EPA Substance Registry System

Ethyl isobutyrate (97-62-1)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

F,Xi

Risk Statements 

11-36/37/38

Safety Statements 

16-26-36-36/37/39

RIDADR 

UN 2385 3/PG 2

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

NQ4675000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

3

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29156000

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H225Highly Flammable liquid and vapour

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P370+P378In case of fire: Use … for extinction.

P403+P235Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.

Ethyl isobutyrate Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

Colorless volatile liquid. With aromas of fruit and cream. Melting point is -88 DEG C, and boiling point is 112 ~ 113 C. Slightly soluble in water and miscible with most organic solvents.
The natural product is found in strawberries, honey, molasses, beer and champagne.

Uses

Used as food essence and flavoring, mainly used in the preparation of cream and strawberry, cherry and other fruit essences. It can also be used as raw flavoring in cigarettes, daily chemical products and other products. At the same time, it is also an excellent organic solvent.

Use restriction

FEMA(mg/kg)：Soft drink 10; cold drink 25；sweets 73; baked food 200; puddings6.0; piping layers 1.5.

Preparation

Obtained by esterification of isobutyric acid and anhydrous ethanol. After mixing isobutyric acid and anhydrous ethanol, carefully add concentrated sulfuric acid. After refluxing the mixture for 14h, it should be washed by water and saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and dried by anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then go through distillation. Collecting fractions at 109-111℃ and obtain 2- methyl ethyl propionate. The yield is 69 percent.

Toxicity

GRAS (FEMA)
LD50800mg/kg (mice, subcutaneous )

Content Analysis

Adopt method one offered by the ester measurement. The sample is taken 1.0 gram by weight. Equivalent factor under calculation is taken at 58.08.
It should be measured with non-polar column method used in GT-10-4.

Chemical Properties

Ethyl isobutyrate has a fruity aromatic odor.

Chemical Properties

CLEAR COLOURLESS LIQUID

Occurrence

Reported found in apple juice, banana, chocolate, cognac, Concord grape, honey, apricot, orange, pineapple, rum, strawberry, strawberry oil, watermelon, whiskey, champagne wine, grape wine, beer, port, passion fruit wine, sherry wine, orange juice, papaya, mango, kiwi fruit, quince, spineless monkey orange (Strychnos madagasc.), spearmint oil and Parmesan cheese.

Uses

It is employed to make flavoring compounds and essences, as a flavoring agent and to flavor animal feeds.

Uses

Ethyl Isobutyrate is a synthetic flavoring agent that is a stable, colorless liquid of dry, fruity odor. it should be stored in tin, glass, or resin-lined containers. it is used to give fruity effects to flavors for applications in candy, baked goods, and beverages at 10–100 ppm.

Definition

ChEBI: Ethyl isobutyrate is a fatty acid methyl ester obtained by the formal condensation of isobutyric acid with ethanol. It has a role as a metabolite. It is functionally related to an isobutyric acid.

Preparation

By esterification of ethanol with isobutyric acid under azeotropic conditions.

Aroma threshold values

Detection: 0.01 to 1 ppb

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 12.5 ppm: pungent, ethereal and fruity with a rum- and eggnog-like nuance. Taste characteristics at 20 ppm: sweet, ethereal, fruity with a rum-like nuance

Synthesis Reference(s)

Tetrahedron, 27, p. 2671, 1971 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)98056-1
Tetrahedron Letters, 28, p. 953, 1987 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)95884-2

General Description

Ethyl isobutyrate appears as a colorless volatile liquid with a fruity, aromatic odor. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air. May irritate skin and eyes. Used to make flavoring extracts and other chemicals.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

An ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.

Health Hazard

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. A skin irritant. Flammable liquid. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ESTERS.

Purification Methods

Wash the ester with aqueous 5% Na2CO3, then with saturated aqueous CaCl2. Dry it over CaSO4 and distil. [Beilstein 1 IV 846.]