Amsacrine hydrochloride Chemical Properties

Melting point:

197-199 °C(lit.)

storage temp. 

Refrigerator

solubility 

DMSO: 10 mg/mL with heat and sonication

form 

powder

color 

red to brown

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

T

Risk Statements 

25-36/37/38

Safety Statements 

26-45

RIDADR 

UN 2811 6.1/PG 3

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

PB1081000

HS Code 

2933.99.8290

HazardClass 

6.1(b)

PackingGroup 

III

Amsacrine hydrochloride Usage And Synthesis

Uses

Amsacrine hydrochloride has been used:

• as a topoisomerase poison in bacteriophage T4 topoisomerase assay
• as a topoisomerase inhibitor in Drosophila cell line, Kc167
• as an antileukemia drug to test its effect on p53 transcriptional activity in tumor xenografts
• as a topoisomerase II poison in dose-response assays in C elegans

Biological Activity

amsacrine hydrochloride (amsidine, m-amsa) is an inhibitor of topoisomerase 2 [1].amsacrine hydrochloride is a chemotherapy drug of antineoplastic, used to treat some types of lymphoma and acute leukaemia. in addition, amsacrine hydrochloride has shown the sensitivities to the cancer cell lines with the ic50 values of 190.2±27.4ng/ml, 46.1±3.9ng/ml,22.6±3.1ng/ml, 11.8±2.0ng/ml, 5.0±0.4ng/ml, and 11.7±1.5ng/ml for three bladder cancer cell lines (ht1376,rt112, rt4) and three testis cancer cell lines(833k, susa, gh), respectively. and it has been found that the testis tumor cell lines are more sensitive to inhibiting by amsacrine hydrochloride than the bladder cell lines [1].

Biochem/physiol Actions

Amsacrine (m-AMSA) is a derivative of acridine and an antileukemia drug. It is an anticancer drug with antineoplastic activity that targets topoisomerase II. AMSA is an apoptosis inducer and favors the accumulation of double-stranded breaks (DSBs). It also inhibits the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression in leukemia cells by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). AMSA serves as an adjuvant in trabeculectomy surgery.

References

[1] nelson em, tewey km, liu lf. mechanism of antitumor drug action: poisoning of mammalian dna topoisomerase ii on dna by 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-methanesulfon-m-anisidide. proc natl acad sci u s a. 1984 mar;81(5):1361-5.

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