SILICA Chemical Properties

Melting point:

1610 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

>100 °C(lit.)

Density 

2.6 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.544(lit.)

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

insoluble in H2O, acid solutions; soluble in HF

form 

tablets (~0.5 g each)

color 

colorless hexagonal, hexane crystals, crystalline

crystal system

square

Space group

P42212

Lattice constant

a/nm	b/nm	c/nm	α/o	β/o	γ/o	V/nm3
0.498	0.498	0.694	90	90	90	0.1721

InChIKey

VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

EPA Substance Registry System

Cristobalite (14464-46-1)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xn,T

Risk Statements 

48/20

Safety Statements 

22

OEB

D

OEL

TWA: 0.05 mg/m3

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

VV7340000

F 

3

HS Code 

28112290

Toxicity

TCLo inhalation in human: 16mppcf/8H/17

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

SILICA Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

Silicon dioxide/crystalline silica is a component of many mineral dusts and materials which melts to a glass at very high temperature.

Uses

Because of its unique physical and chemical properties, crystalline silica has many uses. Commercially produced silica products include quartzite, tripoli, ganister, chert, and novaculite. Crystalline silica also occurs in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, quartz, tridymite, and, in its most common form, sand (IARC 1997). Naturally occurring silica materials are classified by end use or industry. Sand and gravel are produced almost exclusively for road building and concrete construction, depending on particle size and shape, surface texture, and porosity (IARC 1987).

Definition

A hygroscopic substance such as activated alumina, calcium chloride, silica gel, or zinc chloride. Such substances adsorb water vapor from the air and are used to maintain a dry atmosphere in containers for food packaging, chemical reagents, etc.

Definition

Cristobalite: a mineral form of silicon(IV) oxide, SiO₂.

General Description

Rounded silica sand is the naturally occurring sand usually mined from glacial deposits, sometimes called Ottawa sands. Silica sand is essentially made of quartz (SiO2 ) grains.
Pressure range: 28 < σc < 35 MPa (4 < σc < 5 ksi)
Advantages: Low cost, low density, wide availability, and excellent chemical resistance in acidic media except those containing free HF
Drawbacks: Low permeability, low crushing strength, and poor resistance to flow back

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Poison by intratracheal route. An inhalation hazard. Human systemic effects by inhalation: cough, dyspnea, fibrosis. About twice as toxic as silica in causing sihcosis. See also other sdica entries

Potential Exposure

Cristobalite is used in the manufacture of water glass, refractories, abrasives, ceramics and enamels. Quartz is used as a mineral, natural or synthetic fiber. Tridymite is used as a filtering and insulating media and as a refractory material for furnace linings. Workers are potentially exposed to crystalline silica in such industries as granite quarrying and cutting, foundry operations; metal, coal, dentistry, painting, and nonmetallic mining; and manufacture of clay and glass products.

Carcinogenicity

Respirable crystalline silica, primarily quartz dusts occurring in industrial and occupational settings, is known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans. Respirable crystalline silica was first listed in the Sixth Annual Report on Carcinogens in 1991 as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals; the listing was revised to known to be a human carcinogen in the Ninth Report on Carcinogens in 2000.

Incompatibilities

Violent reactions with powerful oxidizers: fluorine, chlorine trifluoride; manganese trioxide; oxygen difluoride, hydrogen peroxide, etc.; acetylene; ammonia.

Waste Disposal

Sanitary landfill

SILICA(14464-46-1)Related Product Information

• Matting powder
• Rutile
• TRIS(2,2,6,6-TETRAMETHYL-3,5-HEPTANEDIONATO)DYSPROSIUM(III)
• SALCOMINE
• N-BUTYLISOCYANIDE
• Benzyl isocyanide
• Ferric acetylacetonate
• Aluminum acetylacetonate
• PHENYLSELENOL
• 1,1,3,3-TETRAMETHYLBUTYL ISOCYANIDE
• TRIS(2,2,6,6-TETRAMETHYL-3,5-HEPTANEDIONATO)EUROPIUM(III)
• Cupric acetylacetonate
• 2,4-PENTANEDIONE, SILVER DERIVATIVE
• Ethyl isocyanoacetate
• TERT-BUTYL ISOCYANIDE
• Tosylmethyl isocyanide
• COBALT(II) ACETYLACETONATE
• Silanamine, 1,1,1-trimethyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)-, hydrolysis products with silica
• Silica Gel 60
• Silica Gel G