1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene Property

Melting point:

43-47 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

236 °C(lit.)

Density 

1.534 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor pressure 

1.9Pa at 25℃

refractive index 

1.5545 (estimate)

Flash point:

218 °F

storage temp. 

Store below +30°C.

solubility 

alcohol: freely soluble (hot)(lit.)

form 

powder to lump to clear liquid

color 

White or Colorless to Yellow

PH

7 (0.26g/l, H2O, 20℃)

Water Solubility 

INSOLUBLE

Merck 

14,2151

BRN 

1907947

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong reducing agents.

LogP

2.49

CAS DataBase Reference

121-73-3(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Benzene, 1-chloro-3-nitro-(121-73-3)

EPA Substance Registry System

m-Chloronitrobenzene (121-73-3)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xn,N,T

Risk Statements 

22-50/53-23/24/25

Safety Statements 

22-24/25-60-61-45-38-36/37/39-28A

RIDADR 

UN 1578 6.1/PG 2

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

CZ0940000

Autoignition Temperature

500 °F

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29049085

Hazardous Substances Data

121-73-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

mouse,LD50,oral,380mg/kg (380mg/kg),Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 25(8), Pg. 50, 1981.

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H311Toxic in contact with skin

H412Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

Moist tan or pale yellow crystalline solid

Uses

Intermediate for dyes. 1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene was used in the preparation of aromatic azo compounds using gold (Au) nanoparticles supported on TiO2 as a catalyst. It was also used as surrogate standard to evaluate the removal of 2,4-dinitrotoluene from contaminated soils using enhanced electrokinetic remediation.

Production Methods

m-Chloronitrobenzene is of lesser economic importance than its ortho- and para-isomers, with no U.S. production reported. The annual production in Germany was reported to be on the order of 1000–3000 metric tons. It has limited use in the manufacturing of dyes and agricultural chemicals.
There is no information on potential exposure. Chloronitrobenzene has been detected in the surface water of the Rhine River with concentrations between 20 and 500 ng/L and in fish at levels of up to 1 mg/kg.

Definition

ChEBI: 1-chloro-3-nitrobenzene is a C-nitro compound that is nitrobenzene in which one of the meta- hydrogens has been replaced by chlorine. It is a C-nitro compound and a member of monochlorobenzenes.

General Description

Pale yellow crystals. Insoluble in water.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

3-Nitrochlorobenzene can react with oxidizing materials. .

Hazard

Toxic by inhalation and ingestion. Combustible. Questionable carcinogen.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for 3-Nitrochlorobenzene are not available. 3-Nitrochlorobenzene is probably combustible.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and inhalation. It forms methemoglobin in the body and gves rise to cyanosis and blood changes. Its effects are cumulative and analogous to those of nitrobenzene. The para compound is thought to be somewhat less toxic than the ortho compound. Chemically, it is probably converted in the body to chloroaniline, whch is also poisonous. In industry, it is the dust of hs material that is most often the source of intoxication. Flammable liquid and dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. It can react with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-, NOx, and phosgene. See also other chloronitrobenzene entries and NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS.

Synthesis

1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene was synthesised from 4-chloro-2-nitro-benzoic acid by adding copper iodide, triethylamine and dimethyl sulfoxide in the presence of inert gas using the Schlenk technique.

Purification Methods

Crystallise the nitrobenzene from MeOH or 95% EtOH (charcoal), then pentane. [Beilstein 5 IV 722.]