Chloroacetyl chloride Chemical Properties

Melting point:

−22 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

105-106 °C(lit.)

Density 

1.419 g/mL at 20 °C

vapor density 

3.9 (vs air)

vapor pressure 

60 mm Hg ( 41.5 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.453(lit.)

Flash point:

>100°C

storage temp. 

Store at RT.

solubility 

Miscible with ethyl ether, acetone, benzene and carbon tetrachloride.

form 

Liquid

color 

Clear colorless to slightly yellow

Odor

strong pungent odor

Water Solubility 

reacts

FreezingPoint 

-22.5℃

Sensitive 

Moisture Sensitive

Merck 

14,2067

BRN 

605439

Exposure limits

ACGIH: TWA 0.05 ppm; STEL 0.15 ppm (Skin)
NIOSH: IDLH 1.3 ppm; TWA 0.05 ppm(0.2 mg/m3)

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong bases, alcohols, strong oxidizing agents. May react violently on exposure to water or moisture.

CAS DataBase Reference

79-04-9(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Acetyl chloride, chloro-(79-04-9)

EPA Substance Registry System

Chloroacetyl chloride (79-04-9)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

T,C,N

Risk Statements 

14-23/24/25-35-48/23-50-29

Safety Statements 

9-26-36/37/39-45-61-7/8

RIDADR 

UN 1752 6.1/PG 1

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

AO6475000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

I

HS Code 

29159000

Hazardous Substances Data

79-04-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

IDLA

1.3 ppm (6 mg/m3)

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

Chloroacetyl chloride Usage And Synthesis

Description

Chloroacetyl chloride is a colorless to yellowish liquid with a very pungent, extremely irritating, odor.Molecular weight=112.95; Specific gravity (H2O:1) 51.42; Boiling point=105℃; Freezing/Meltingpoint=222℃; Vapor pressure=19 mmHg at 20℃.NFPA 704 M Rating System: Health 3, Flammability 1,Reactivity 1 . Reacts violently with water.

Chemical Properties

Chloroacetyl chloride is a colorless to yellowish liquid with a very pungent, extremely irritating, odor.

Uses

Chloroacetyl chloride is an intermediate in the production of alachlor and butachlor. It is used to prepare phenacyl chloride through Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene.

Uses

Intermediate in manufacture of chloroacetophenone and various other chemicals

Uses

In the synthesis of organic compounds.

Application

Chloroacetyl chloride can be used for chloroacetylation and chemical modification of poly(glycidyl methacrylate).
Chloroacetyl chloride was used to study the in vitro metabolism of chloroacetamide herbicides by rat and human liver microsomes. Chloroacetyl chloride was used in the synthesis of some novel quinoline derivatives having antileishmanial activity.

Preparation

Chloroacetyl chloride is usually manufactured from chloroacetic acid by reaction with phosphorus trichloride, thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, or phosgene. It is also obtained by chlorination of acetyl chloride in the presence of stronger aliphatic acids, preferably chloroacetic acids, or from sodium chloroacetate and the usual chlorinating agents.
Koenig G et al; Chloroacetic Acids. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 7th ed. (1999-2018). NY, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Online Posting Date: October 15, 2012

Definition

Chloroacetyl chloride is classified as an acyl halide. It is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a strong, pungent odor. This compound is highly toxic when inhaled and can corrode both metal surfaces and tissues.

General Description

A colorless to light yellow liquid with a very pungent odor. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue.

Reactivity Profile

Chloroacetyl chloride reacts rapidly with water. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, bases (including amines). May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

Hazard

Irritant to eyes, corrosive to skin. Upper respiratory tract irritant.

Health Hazard

Inhalation causes severe irritation of upper respiratory system. External contact causes severe irritation of eyes and skin. Ingestion causes severe irritation of mouth and stomach.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and intravenous routes. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Corrosive. A lachrymator. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.

Potential Exposure

Highly toxic by inhalation. Chloroacetyl chloride is used in the manufacture of acetophenone. It is used in the manufacture of a number of pesticides including: alachlor, allidochlor, butachlor, dimethachlor, formothion, mecarbam, metolachlor, propachlor. It is also used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, such as chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, diazepam, lidocaine, mianserin.

First aid

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. If victim is conscious, administer water ormilk. Do not induce vomiting. Medical observation isrecommended for 24-48 h after breathing overexposure, aspulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consideradministering a corticosteroid spray.

Carcinogenicity

Chloroacetyl chloride was not genotoxic in a number of assays.

storage

Chloroacetyl chloride must carry a“CORROSIVE” label. It falls in Hazard Class 8 andPacking Group I.

Shipping

UN1752 Chloroacetyl chloride, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, 8-Corrosive material, Inhalation Hazard Zone B.

Incompatibilities

Reacts violently with water, steamforming chloroacetic acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Reacts with alcohols, powdered metals; sodium amide; combustibles; and many organics, causing toxic fumes, fire, and explosion hazard. On contact with air it emits corrosive gas. Decomposes when heated forming phosgene gas. Corrosive to metals.

Waste Disposal

It may be discharged into sodium bicarbonate solution, then flushed to the sewer with water.

Chloroacetyl chloride(79-04-9)Related Product Information

• Ammonium chloride
• Calcium chloride
• Choline chloride
• Sodium chloride
• Acetyl chloride
• Mepiquat chloride
• Polyvinyl chloride
• Potassium chloride
• Benzyl chloride
• 2-CHLORO-2,2-DIPHENYLACETYL CHLORIDE
• 2-CHLORO-2-PHENYLACETYL CHLORIDE
• 2,3-DICHLOROPROPIONYL CHLORIDE
• 2-CHLOROBUTYRYL CHLORIDE
• 2-Chloropropionyl chloride
• Oxalyl chloride
• Trichloroacetyl chloride
• Dichloroacetyl chloride
• Methylene Chloride