Palladium chloride Property

Melting point:

678-680 °C(lit.)

Density 

4 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor pressure 

0Pa at 20℃

storage temp. 

Store below +30°C.

solubility 

55.6g/l insoluble

form 

Powder/Solid

color 

Yellow

Specific Gravity

4

PH

2.15 (30g/l, H2O, 20℃)

Odor

Odorless

Water Solubility 

Insoluble

Decomposition 

200 °C

crystal system

Nogata

Merck 

14,6990

Space group

Pnmn

Lattice constant

a/nm	b/nm	c/nm	α/o	β/o	γ/o	V/nm3
0.382	0.335	1.102	90	90	90	0.14

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

CAS DataBase Reference

7647-10-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Palladium dichloride (7647-10-1)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

C,Xi,T+,T,Xn

Risk Statements 

34-43-40-28-41-37/38-25-22

Safety Statements 

26-36/37/39-45-37/39-28-27-36/37-27/28

RIDADR 

UN 1789 8/PG 3

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

RT3500000

F 

3

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

8

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

28439090

Hazardous Substances Data

7647-10-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

MLD i.v. in rabbits: 0.0186 g/kg (Orestano)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H290May be corrosive to metals

H302Harmful if swallowed

H317May cause an allergic skin reaction

H318Causes serious eye damage

H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P234Keep only in original container.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

Palladium chloride Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Palladium chloride is a commonly used precious metal catalysts, molecular formula is PaCl2, the appearance is brown-red needle-like crystals or powder, easily deliquescence, the relative density is 4.0 (18 ℃), melting point is 500 ℃ (decomposition), soluble in water, ethanol, acetone and hydrogen bromide. Decomposition in ammonia chloride, potassium iodide, ammonia solution, and precipitation of palladium.
[Uses]
(1)used as the analysis reagents, such as determination of trace palladium, mercury, thallium, iodine, etc.
(2) palladium test strips is used to test carbon monoxide.
(3) also used to search for cracks of buried underground gas pipeline cracks, study of agricultural plant resources, preparation of palladium catalyst, electroplating watch parts and photography, and so on.
[Preparation method] by melting palladium dichloride hydrate, make it lost part of chloride to get Palladium chlorine finished products.

Figure 1 the molecular structure of Palladium chloride.

Chemical Properties

Palladium chloride is a dark brown powder, hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air). It is incompatible with acids, aluminium, ammonia, magnesium, nitrates, zinc, heat, thiocyanates, and organic solvents. Thermal decomposition of palladium chloride may release chlorine, hydrogen chloride, and oxides of palladium. It is used as a catalyst, photographic, and electroplating reagent. Palladium and its alloys are used as catalysts in the (petro)chemical and, above all, in the automotive industries. Applications of palladium compounds for electronics and electrical technology include use in metallisation processes (thick film paste), electrical contacts and switching systems, in the synthesis of semiconducting metal-containing polymers in which the polypyrrole backbone has a conformational energy minimum and is nearly planar. Palladium chloride is a stable chemical substance and is incompatible with strong oxidising agents.

Physical properties

l Properties Red rhombohedral crystal; hygroscopic; density 4.0g/cm³; melts at 679°C; dissolves slowly in water; also soluble in ethanol and acetone; dissolves rapidly in hydrochloric acid.

Uses

Palladium chloride is used in photography; toning solutions; electroplating parts of docks and watches; detecting carbon monoxide leaks in buried gas pipes; manufacture of indelible ink; preparation of metal for use as a catalyst; catalyst in jewelry; in dental alloys.

Uses

Palladium chloride(PdCl2) is a dark brown color and is used to coat other metals without the need for electrolysis. It is also used in photography, to make indelible inks, and as a catalyst in analytical chemistry (used to speed up or slow down chemical reactions).

Uses

Palladium chloride is a starting material for preparing several palladium compounds. It also is used for detection of carbon monoxide. For such detection, a paper is soaked in very dilute solution of PdCl2 which is decolorized by CO, methane and other reducing substances. It also is used in toning and electroplating solutions and in photography for porcelain pictures.

Production Methods

The palladium powder is added to the reactor containing hydrochloric acid, with stirring, passing the air, an oxidation reaction is performed, generating palladium chloride solution, the solution is purified, filtered, concentrated by evaporation, cooling and crystallization, centrifugal separation, and dried to obtain a palladium chloride finished products.
Pd+2HCl+0.5O2→PdCl2+H2O

Definition

ChEBI: Palladium(II) chloride is a palladium coordination entity consisting of palladium(II) bound to two chlorine atoms. It has a role as a catalyst.

Preparation

Palladium dichloride is prepared by dissolving palladium metal in aqua regia or hydrochloric acid in the presence of chlorine. Alternatively, it may be prepared by heating palladium sponge with chlorine gas at 500°C.

Reactions

Palladium chloride dissolves in HCl forming tetrachloropalladate ion,
PdCl2+2Cl¯→ [PdCl4]2¯
The complex ion catalyzes various types of organic reactions including oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde in aqueous solution (the Wacker Process):
PdCl42¯+ C2H4 + H2O → CH3CHO + Pd + 2HCl + 2Cl¯
Palladium dichloride forms polymeric carbonyl complexes when the dry chloride is heated in a stream of carbon monoxide charged with methane vapor. Such complexes include [PdCl2(CO)n] and [PdCl(CO)2]n. The reaction also occurs in aqueous phase resulting in decolorization of the solution.
When H2S is passed through palladium dichloride solution, it yields a brown-black precipitate of palladium monosulfide, PdS.
When heated with sulfur at 450 to 500°C, palladium dichloride forms palladium disulfide, PdS2, a grey-black crystalline compound, insoluble in strong acids but soluble in aqua regia, and which converts to monosulfide, PdS, on heating at 600°C.
When ammonia gas is passed through an aqueous solution of PdCl2, the product is tetrammine palladium(II) chloride, Pd(NH4)2Cl2. The same product also is obtained in dry state by passing ammonia gas over anhydrous Palladium chloride.

General Description

Dark brown crystals.

Air & Water Reactions

Deliquescent. Water soluble.

Reactivity Profile

Palladium chloride is a weak oxidizing agent. Palladium chloride is reduced in solution by hydrogen or carbon monoxide to metallic palladium. . Decomposed at high temperatures to metallic palladium and chlorine.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Palladium chloride are not available. Palladium chloride is probably combustible.

Safety Profile

Poison by intraperitoneat, intravenous, and intratracheal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. A skin irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic data. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of Cl-. See also PALLADIUM

Purification Methods

The anhydrous salt is insoluble in H2O and dissolves in HCl with difficulty. The dihydrate forms red hygroscopic crystals that are readily reduced to Pd. Dissolve it in conc HCl through which dry Cl2 is bubbled. Filter this solution which contains H2PdCl4 and H2PdCl6 and on evaporation it yields a residue of pure PdCl2. [Grube in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1582 1965, Mozingo Org Synth Coll Vol III 685 1955.]