GLYCOGEN Chemical Properties

Melting point:

270-280 °C (dec.)

alpha 

D25 +196 to +197°

Density 

1.629 g/cm3(Temp: -5 °C)

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

H₂O: 20 mg/mL, clear to hazy, faintly yellow

form 

liquid

color 

Off-white powder

Odor

Odorless

optical activity

+191～+200

Water Solubility 

Soluble in water

Merck 

4496

LogP

-5.590 (est)

CAS DataBase Reference

9005-79-2(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Glycogen (9005-79-2)

Safety Information

Risk Statements 

36/37/38

Safety Statements 

24/25-26

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

MC2700000

F 

3-10

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

39139000

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich

GLYCOGEN Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

White to off-white powder

Uses

An inert carrier which significantly increases the efficiency of extracted DNA and RNA by ethanol precipitation.

Uses

glycogen is a skin-conditioning agent. It is a high molecular-weight polymer distributed through the cell protoplasm.

Uses

• Glycogen from rabbit liver has been use as a standard for measurement of the hepatic glycogen content.
• In the1,4-α-D gIucan:orthophosphate α-glucosyl transferase assay, it has been used in the assay mixture.
• It has also been used as a standard for myocardial tissue glycogen analysis.

Definition

A polysaccharide that is the main carbohydrate store of animals. It is composed of many glucose units linked in a similar way to starch. Glycogen is readily hydrolyzed in a stepwise manner to glucose itself. It is stored largely in the liver and in muscle but is found widely distributed in the body.

Definition

A glycose polysaccharide, the storage carbohydrate of the animal organism, found especially in the liver and rested muscle.

General Description

Glycogen is a branched polymer of glucose synthesized by animal cells for energy storage and release. It is constructed of predominantly α1→4 glycosidic bonds with branches created through α1→6 glycosidic bonds.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Glycogen from rabbit liver helps in maintaining blood glucose levels by regulating the release of glucose in between meals. It also provides energy during sudden, strenuous activity. Two important areas of glycogen storage are the liver and skeletal muscle.

Synthesis

Glycogen synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm and can be divided into the following four steps:
(1) Glycogenesis begins with the phosphorylation of glucose by glucokinase in the liver and by hexokinase in muscle and other tissues.
(2) Glucose-6-phosphate is then converted into glucose-1-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase, a reaction similar to that catalysed by phosphoglycerol mutase.
(3) Glucose-1-phosphate is converted into uridine diphosphate (UTP)-glucose, the immediate precursor of glycogen synthesis, by reaction with uridine triphosphate (UTP). This reaction is catalysed by glucose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (or UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase).
(4) Finally, the glucosyl residue at the C-1 position of UDP-glucose is added to the tyrosyl group at position 194 of glycogen protease in an Mg2+-dependent autocatalytic reaction. Glycosidases similarly extend the glucan chain by α(1→4) glycosidic bonds by adding 6 to 7 glucosyl units, using UDP-glucose as the substrate, in an autocatalytic reaction. The glucan primer of glycogen proteins is elongated by glycogen synthase using UDP glucose. Initially, the glycogenin primer and glycogen synthase are strongly bound using a 1:1 complex. As the dextran chain grows, glycogen synthase separates from glycogen.

Purification Methods

A 5% aqueous solution (charcoal) of D(+)-glycogen is filtered, and an equal volume of EtOH is added. After standing overnight at 3o the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, washed with absolute EtOH, then EtOH/diethyl ether (1:1) and diethyl ether, and dried. [Sutherland & Wosilait J Biol Chem 218 459 1956.]

GLYCOGEN(9005-79-2)Related Product Information

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