1-Bromo-3-chloropropane Chemical Properties

Melting point:

-59 °C

Boiling point:

144-145 °C (lit.)

Density 

1.592 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

vapor pressure 

7.5 hPa (20 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.486(lit.)

Flash point:

81 °C

storage temp. 

room temp

solubility 

2.24g/l insoluble

form 

liquid

color 

Clear liquid

explosive limit

3.2-8.6%(V)

Water Solubility 

insoluble

BRN 

605278

Stability:

Volatile

CAS DataBase Reference

109-70-6(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Propane, 1-bromo-3-chloro-(109-70-6)

IARC

2B (Vol. 125)

EPA Substance Registry System

Propane, 1-bromo-3-chloro- (109-70-6)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xn

Risk Statements 

10-22-36/37/38-20/21/22-20/22-68-52/53-37

Safety Statements 

16-45-36/37/39-26

RIDADR 

UN 2688 6.1/PG 3

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

TX4113000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29034980

Hazardous Substances Data

109-70-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1100 - 1200 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rat > 2000 mg/kg

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:1-Chloro-3-bromopropane
• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

1-Bromo-3-chloropropane Usage And Synthesis

Description

1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is a halogenated alkane compound containing one bromine atom and one chlorine atom in its structure. Due to the high electronegativity of halogens, the molecule of 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is highly electrophilic and is easily attacked by electrophilic reagents such as nucleophilic reagents, Lewis acid, etc., which undergoes nucleophilic substitution reactions. The compound is relatively stable at room temperature, but is susceptible to elimination reactions at high temperatures or in the presence of strong acids or bases. In addition, prolonged exposure to air should be avoided because 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane molecules contain halogen atoms that are susceptible to reaction by oxygen and moisture in the air to produce products such as alcohols and aldehydes.

Chemical Properties

It is a clear and colorless liquid that is soluble in ethanol, ether, and chloroform but insoluble in water.

Uses

1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is used in the preparation active pharmaceutical ingredient intermediate such as gemfibrozil and reproterol. It is also involved in the preparation of cardiovascular diseases and analgesic drugs materials. It is utilized as a phase separation reagent for the isolation of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in high quality. It is considered as a replacement of chloroform in nucleic acid separations.

Definition

ChEBI: 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane (I-BCP or 109-70-6) is an organochlorine compound that can be used as a safer and equally effective alternative to chloroform. It serves as a phase-separation agent for the one-step method of RNA isolation from biological samples like animal and plant tissue. I-BCP can replace CHCl3 in RNA phase separations.

Preparation

The most common method for producing 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is through the free-radical addition of anhydrous hydrogen bromide to allyl chloride. Alternatively, it can be prepared by reacting ethylene with methylene chlorobromide.

General Description

1-bromo-3-chloropropane appears as a colorless liquid. Insoluble in water and denser than water. May be toxic by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption. Used to make pharmaceuticals and other chemicals.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane, are moderately or very reactive. Reactivity generally decreases with increased degree of substitution of halogen for hydrogen atoms. Materials in this group are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides.

Health Hazard

Inhalation of vapors or dust is extremely irritating. May cause burning of eyes and flow of tears. May cause coughing, difficult breathing and nausea. Brief exposure effects last only a few minutes. Exposure in an enclosed area may be very harmful. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

Some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cland Br-. See also CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC; and BROMIDES.

Purification Methods

Wash it with conc H2SO4, water, 10% Na2CO3 solution, water again and then dry with CaCl2 and fractionally distil it just before use [Akagi et al. J Am Chem Soc 78 4034 1956]. [Beilstein 1 H 109, 1 IV 212.]

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