PHLEOMYCIN Chemical Properties

Boiling point:

527.46°C (rough estimate)

Density 

1.3193 (rough estimate)

refractive index 

1.5600 (estimate)

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

H₂O: 10 mg/mL, clear, blue

form 

powder

color 

light blue

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xn,Xi

Risk Statements 

22-36/37/38

Safety Statements 

26-36

RIDADR 

2811

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

SY0525000

F 

10

HazardClass 

6.1(b)

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29419059

Toxicity

dog,LD50,intravenous,2500ug/kg (2.5mg/kg),Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 14, Pg. 590, 1969.

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich

PHLEOMYCIN Usage And Synthesis

Description

Phleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic from Streptomyces whose cytotoxic action results from its ability to cause DNA fragmentation. The ability of phleomycin to block mammalian cells from entering mitosis has made it useful in cancer therapy, most commonly in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities. Phleomycin is also used, in conjunction with a vector carrying the bleomycin resistance protein ble, as a selective agent in the transformation of yeast, plant cells, and mammalian cells.

Uses

Phleomycin is a metal-complexing DNA degrading antibiotic.

General Description

Phleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic and is a member of the bleomycin family.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Phleomycin can bind and intercalate with the DNA that leads to DNA strand breaks. It acts as an inhibitor of DNA replication.

in vitro

previous study found that the chromosomes could be cleaved into nucleosomes and degraded by phleomycin over significantly narrower dose ranges than by bleomycin. in addition, phleomycin also showed lower specificity for internucleosomal cleavage than bleomycin. moreover, it was found that the higher reactivity of phleomycin did not solely result from its higher rate of internucleosomal and intranucleosomal chromatin cleavage, since short phleomycin reactions always led to more extensive chromatin cleavage at low concentrations [1].

in vivo

a study of the in-vivo effects of phleomycin on meiosis of the mouse egg demonstrated a spectrum of damage to both first metaphase and second metaphase with polar body. the minimal effective dose in vivo of 2.5 μg/g of body weight could alter 28.3% of first metaphase figures and 50% of second metaphase cells [2].

References

[1] moore, c. w. internucleosomal cleavage and chromosomal degradation by bleomycin and phleomycin in yeast. cancer research 48(23), 6837-6843 (1988).
[2] jagiello gm. action of phleomycin on the meiosis of the mouse ovum. mutat res. 1968 sep-oct;6(2):289-95.

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