Organic reagents
From early AD to mid-19 century, people mainly use the natural organic substance (such as animal and plant extracts) for qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis. From the second half of the 19th century to the 1920s, it had begun to appear of artificially synthetic organic reagent such as using potassium acetate xanthan for test of nickel, copper, and molybdenum; using morin for test of aluminum; using diazo coupling reaction for the detection of Nitrite; using α-β-nitroso naphthol for detection of cobalt; using dimethyglyoxime for nickel test.
After the proposal of the special-effects group in the 1930s and the proposal of theoretical analysis of functional groups theory in 1950s, people had carried out large-scale screen of organic reagents in search of special-effects analysis groups for different ions and had successfully synthesized a lot of agents of practical value (such as copper reagents, new copper agent, cadmium reagents, beryllium reagent, thorium reagents, etc.). Before the 1950s, the complex compound, in analytic chemistry, is mainly used in the aspects of the precipitation reaction of a binary chelate for the qualitative detection, precipitate isolation and gravimetric separation and other aspects. In the early 1950s and 1960, it is mainly in the form of complexometric titration. From the beginning of the late 1960s, the main focus has been moved to the photometric analysis. Meanwhile, it has been also developed of chelate organic solvent extraction.
8-hydroxy quinoline, hydrazones, oximes, hydroxamic acids, polyphenols, 1, 10-phenanthroline, phosphorus-oxygen extractant, β- diketones, triphenylmethane acid dye, xanthene dyes and azo dyes and other agents has all been widely studied and applied. On the other hand, the structural theoretical research (such as electronic effects, spatial effects and substituent effects) of the organic reagent can further facilitate the development of new-type organic reagents such as heterocyclic azo reagent. During this period, it has been also developed of monoazo chromotropic acid-type and disazo chromotropic acid-type reagent. During the mid-1970s, the chelating resin and adsorbents have achieved rapid development. Since the 1980s, Chinese researchers of analytical chemistry have made progress in the field of the synthesis and application of asymmetric disazo chromotropic acid.
Organic chemical reagents have wide application in analytic chemistry and are mainly used in solvents, precipitation agents, complexing agents, indicator, coloring reagent and surface active agent, etc. In order to adapt to a variety of analytical needs, sometimes it is required to purify certain reagents. For example, liquid organic reagent is often purified by distillation while solid substance is often purified through crystallization and sublimation. Substance having a high vapor pressure, namely having low purification boiling point and undergoing no decomposition under boiling temperature commonly applied atmospheric distillation; for less volatile and water-insoluble substance, namely having high purification point or undergoing decomposition under boiling temperature, we can apply vacuum distillation or steam distillation for purification of it.
Distillation is a commonly used method for laboratory purification of organic reagent. Conventional distillation apparatus generally comprises distiller, condenser and receiver, three parts with auxiliary section also containing heater, a thermometer, a wetted tube and cork.
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- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Mandelonitrile
- CAS:
- 532-28-5
- MF:
- C8H7NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Benzyloxy acetophenone
- CAS:
- 34068-01-4
- MF:
- C15H14O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-PHENYL-1-PROPYNE
- CAS:
- 673-32-5
- MF:
- C9H8
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- alpha-Pinene
- CAS:
- 80-56-8
- MF:
- C10H16
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- SPADNS
- CAS:
- 23647-14-5
- MF:
- C16H13N2NaO11S3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-Amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthaloyl dichloride
- CAS:
- 37441-29-5
- MF:
- C8H2Cl2I3NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-INDANOL
- CAS:
- 1470-94-6
- MF:
- C9H10O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,5-Difluoromandelic acid
- CAS:
- 132741-31-2
- MF:
- C8H6F2O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-acetylbutyric acid
- CAS:
- 3128-06-1
- MF:
- C6H10O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Phenyltrimethylammonium iodide
- CAS:
- 98-04-4
- MF:
- C9H14IN
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- PHENOXYACETONE
- CAS:
- 621-87-4
- MF:
- C9H10O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,7-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid
- CAS:
- 83511-07-3
- MF:
- C11H8O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-Methoxypyridine-3-boronic acid
- CAS:
- 850991-69-4
- MF:
- C6H8BNO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
- CAS:
- 475-38-7
- MF:
- C10H6O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-FLUORO-BENZAMIDINE
- CAS:
- 69491-64-1
- MF:
- C7H7FN2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Diphenyl N-cyanocarbonimidate
- CAS:
- 79463-77-7
- MF:
- C14H10N2O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- PHENYLTHIOTRIMETHYLSILANE
- CAS:
- 4551-15-9
- MF:
- C9H14SSi
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- HEXAFLUOROACETYLACETONE
- CAS:
- 1522-22-1
- MF:
- C5H2F6O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-TRIFLUOROMETHYLCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID
- CAS:
- 277756-46-4
- MF:
- C5H5F3O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N-Phenylbenzohydroxamic acid
- CAS:
- 304-88-1
- MF:
- C13H11NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- CYCLODODECANONE
- CAS:
- 830-13-7
- MF:
- C12H22O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Cetyltributylphosphonium bromide
- CAS:
- 14937-45-2
- MF:
- C28H60BrP
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- METHYL 2-ISOTHIOCYANATOBENZOATE
- CAS:
- 16024-82-1
- MF:
- C9H7NO2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-CHLORO-4-HYDROXYPHENYLACETIC ACID
- CAS:
- 33697-81-3
- MF:
- C8H7ClO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Methoxyphenylacetonitrile
- CAS:
- 7035-03-2
- MF:
- C9H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- ISOBUTYL P-TOLUENESULFONATE
- CAS:
- 4873-56-7
- MF:
- C11H16O3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-(3-METHOXYPHENYL)-2-THIOUREA
- CAS:
- 37014-08-7
- MF:
- C8H10N2OS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- PENTAFLUOROPHENYL TRIFLUOROACETATE
- CAS:
- 14533-84-7
- MF:
- C8F8O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Amino-3-chlorophenol hydrochloride
- CAS:
- 52671-64-4
- MF:
- C6H7Cl2NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Butyl isocyanate
- CAS:
- 111-36-4
- MF:
- C5H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Potassium cyclopropyltrifluoroborate
- CAS:
- 1065010-87-8
- MF:
- C3H4BF3K
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-ISOPROPOXYBENZOIC ACID
- CAS:
- 13205-46-4
- MF:
- C10H12O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DI-TERT-BUTYL HYDRAZODICARBOXYLATE
- CAS:
- 16466-61-8
- MF:
- C10H20N2O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- cis-1,2-Cyclohexanediol
- CAS:
- 1792-81-0
- MF:
- C6H12O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-METHOXYMETHYL METHANSULFONATE
- CAS:
- 16427-44-4
- MF:
- C4H10O4S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Ethyl (E)-hex-2-enoate
- CAS:
- 27829-72-7
- MF:
- C8H14O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N,N-Dimethylbenzamide
- CAS:
- 611-74-5
- MF:
- C9H11NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,5,5-Trimethylhexanoic acid
- CAS:
- 3302-10-1
- MF:
- C9H18O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Cyclamic acid
- CAS:
- 100-88-9
- MF:
- C6H13NO3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-tert-Butylbenzhydrazide
- CAS:
- 43100-38-5
- MF:
- C11H16N2O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Methyl 1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate
- CAS:
- 18448-47-0
- MF:
- C8H12O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,2-Hexadecanediol
- CAS:
- 6920-24-7
- MF:
- C16H34O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Bromo-3-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride
- CAS:
- 72256-93-0
- MF:
- C7H6BrClO2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,6-Ditert-butyl-4-ethylphenol
- CAS:
- 4130-42-1
- MF:
- C16H26O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Methoxyacetone
- CAS:
- 5878-19-3
- MF:
- C4H8O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane
- CAS:
- 31001-77-1
- MF:
- C6H16O2SSi
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,3-Diacetoxybenzene
- CAS:
- 108-58-7
- MF:
- C10H10O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Eprodisate
- CAS:
- 21668-77-9
- MF:
- C3H8O6S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Pentyloxybenzoic acid
- CAS:
- 15872-41-0
- MF:
- C12H16O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,3-Benzenediboronic acid
- CAS:
- 4612-28-6
- MF:
- C6H8B2O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,2-NAPHTHOQUINONE
- CAS:
- 524-42-5
- MF:
- C10H6O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-benzoquinone
- CAS:
- 719-22-2
- MF:
- C14H20O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Aminophthalimide
- CAS:
- 2518-24-3
- MF:
- C8H6N2O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-METHYLDIPHENYL SULFIDE
- CAS:
- 3699-01-2
- MF:
- C13H12S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- TRIPHENYLVINYLSILANE
- CAS:
- 18666-68-7
- MF:
- C20H18Si
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N-Succinimidyl 6-maleimidohexanoate
- CAS:
- 55750-63-5
- MF:
- C14H16N2O6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DODECYLTRICHLOROSILANE
- CAS:
- 4484-72-4
- MF:
- C12H25Cl3Si
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-(4-AMINOPHENYL)PROPIONIC ACID
- CAS:
- 2393-17-1
- MF:
- C9H11NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-Bromoacetyl salicylamide
- CAS:
- 73866-23-6
- MF:
- C9H8BrNO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- BENZENESELENINIC ACID
- CAS:
- 6996-92-5
- MF:
- C6H6O2Se
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- (4-PENTYLOXYPHENYL)BORONIC ACID
- CAS:
- 146449-90-3
- MF:
- C11H17BO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Methyl 1-methyl-2-pyrroleacetate
- CAS:
- 51856-79-2
- MF:
- C8H11NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,4-DICHLOROANISOLE
- CAS:
- 553-82-2
- MF:
- C7H6Cl2O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Trifluoromethylthiobenzene
- CAS:
- 456-56-4
- MF:
- C7H5F3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-(3-ETHOXYCARBONYLPHENYL)-2-THIOUREA
- CAS:
- 20967-87-7
- MF:
- C10H12N2O2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Piperidinone
- CAS:
- 41661-47-6
- MF:
- C5H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4'-Bromo-2-phenylacetophenone
- CAS:
- 2001-29-8
- MF:
- C14H11BrO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- ALPHA-BENZOIN OXIME
- CAS:
- 441-38-3
- MF:
- C14H13NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Nitrophenyl phenyl sulfone
- CAS:
- 31515-43-2
- MF:
- C12H9NO4S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Hydroxythiophenol
- CAS:
- 40248-84-8
- MF:
- C6H6OS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-(4-Methylbenzoyl)benzoic acid
- CAS:
- 85-55-2
- MF:
- C15H12O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Butyramide
- CAS:
- 541-35-5
- MF:
- C4H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N,N,O-TRIACETYLHYDROXYLAMINE
- CAS:
- 17720-63-7
- MF:
- C6H9NO4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-(3-CHLOROPHENYL)-3-THIOSEMICARBAZIDE
- CAS:
- 42135-76-2
- MF:
- C7H8ClN3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Decanone
- CAS:
- 693-54-9
- MF:
- C10H20O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-CHLORO-2-METHYLBUTANE
- CAS:
- 594-36-5
- MF:
- C5H11Cl
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-BROMO-4-METHYLPHENYLTHIOUREA
- CAS:
- 66644-79-9
- MF:
- C8H9BrN2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,3-Diethylurea
- CAS:
- 623-76-7
- MF:
- C5H12N2O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Phenylbutyryl chloride
- CAS:
- 36854-57-6
- MF:
- C10H11ClO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Butyl disulfide
- CAS:
- 629-45-8
- MF:
- C8H18S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-FLUORO-3-IODO-5-NITROBENZENE
- CAS:
- 3819-88-3
- MF:
- C6H3FINO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-PHENYL-3-(2-PYRIDYL)-2-THIOUREA
- CAS:
- 886-60-2
- MF:
- C12H11N3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-ETHYLBENZYL ALCOHOL
- CAS:
- 768-59-2
- MF:
- C9H12O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N,N'-1,3-Phenylene bismaleimide
- CAS:
- 3006-93-7
- MF:
- C14H8N2O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Fluorophenyl isocyanate
- CAS:
- 1195-45-5
- MF:
- C7H4FNO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,8-DIAMINO-P-MENTHANE
- CAS:
- 80-52-4
- MF:
- C10H22N2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Methylphthalic anhydride
- CAS:
- 4792-30-7
- MF:
- C9H6O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,3'-BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZOPHENONE
- CAS:
- 1868-00-4
- MF:
- C15H8F6O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N-AMINOPHTHALIMIDE
- CAS:
- 1875-48-5
- MF:
- C8H6N2O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- O-(2,3,4,5,6-PENTAFLUOROBENZYL)HYDROXYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 57981-02-9
- MF:
- C7H5ClF5NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,4-Dimethoxyphenylacetic acid
- CAS:
- 6496-89-5
- MF:
- C10H12O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzophenone
- CAS:
- 34052-37-4
- MF:
- C13H8ClNO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-HYDROXYPROPANESULFONIC ACID
- CAS:
- 15909-83-8
- MF:
- C3H8O4S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Hexylbenzoic acid
- CAS:
- 21643-38-9
- MF:
- C13H18O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4,4'-DI-TERT-BUTYLBIPHENYL
- CAS:
- 1625-91-8
- MF:
- C20H26
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONIC ACID 6-BROMO-2-NAPHTHYL ESTER
- CAS:
- 151600-02-1
- MF:
- C11H6BrF3O3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride
- CAS:
- 1711-11-1
- MF:
- C8H4ClNO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-MORPHOLINOPHENYLBORONIC ACID PINACOL ESTER
- CAS:
- 852227-95-3
- MF:
- C16H24BNO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4,4'-BIS(3-AMINOPHENOXY)DIPHENYL SULFONE
- CAS:
- 30203-11-3
- MF:
- C24H20N2O4S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- PROPYL FORMATE
- CAS:
- 110-74-7
- MF:
- C4H8O2