Organic reagents
From early AD to mid-19 century, people mainly use the natural organic substance (such as animal and plant extracts) for qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis. From the second half of the 19th century to the 1920s, it had begun to appear of artificially synthetic organic reagent such as using potassium acetate xanthan for test of nickel, copper, and molybdenum; using morin for test of aluminum; using diazo coupling reaction for the detection of Nitrite; using α-β-nitroso naphthol for detection of cobalt; using dimethyglyoxime for nickel test.
After the proposal of the special-effects group in the 1930s and the proposal of theoretical analysis of functional groups theory in 1950s, people had carried out large-scale screen of organic reagents in search of special-effects analysis groups for different ions and had successfully synthesized a lot of agents of practical value (such as copper reagents, new copper agent, cadmium reagents, beryllium reagent, thorium reagents, etc.). Before the 1950s, the complex compound, in analytic chemistry, is mainly used in the aspects of the precipitation reaction of a binary chelate for the qualitative detection, precipitate isolation and gravimetric separation and other aspects. In the early 1950s and 1960, it is mainly in the form of complexometric titration. From the beginning of the late 1960s, the main focus has been moved to the photometric analysis. Meanwhile, it has been also developed of chelate organic solvent extraction.
8-hydroxy quinoline, hydrazones, oximes, hydroxamic acids, polyphenols, 1, 10-phenanthroline, phosphorus-oxygen extractant, β- diketones, triphenylmethane acid dye, xanthene dyes and azo dyes and other agents has all been widely studied and applied. On the other hand, the structural theoretical research (such as electronic effects, spatial effects and substituent effects) of the organic reagent can further facilitate the development of new-type organic reagents such as heterocyclic azo reagent. During this period, it has been also developed of monoazo chromotropic acid-type and disazo chromotropic acid-type reagent. During the mid-1970s, the chelating resin and adsorbents have achieved rapid development. Since the 1980s, Chinese researchers of analytical chemistry have made progress in the field of the synthesis and application of asymmetric disazo chromotropic acid.
Organic chemical reagents have wide application in analytic chemistry and are mainly used in solvents, precipitation agents, complexing agents, indicator, coloring reagent and surface active agent, etc. In order to adapt to a variety of analytical needs, sometimes it is required to purify certain reagents. For example, liquid organic reagent is often purified by distillation while solid substance is often purified through crystallization and sublimation. Substance having a high vapor pressure, namely having low purification boiling point and undergoing no decomposition under boiling temperature commonly applied atmospheric distillation; for less volatile and water-insoluble substance, namely having high purification point or undergoing decomposition under boiling temperature, we can apply vacuum distillation or steam distillation for purification of it.
Distillation is a commonly used method for laboratory purification of organic reagent. Conventional distillation apparatus generally comprises distiller, condenser and receiver, three parts with auxiliary section also containing heater, a thermometer, a wetted tube and cork.
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- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Cyanogen bromide
- CAS:
- 506-68-3
- MF:
- CBrN
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Ethylthiocyanate
- CAS:
- 542-90-5
- MF:
- C3H5NS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,5-Dicyanopentane
- CAS:
- 646-20-8
- MF:
- C7H10N2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-Heptafluoro-1-butanol
- CAS:
- 375-01-9
- MF:
- C4H3F7O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- (+)-Dipentene
- CAS:
- 5989-27-5
- MF:
- C10H16
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,5-Dinitronaphthalene
- CAS:
- 605-71-0
- MF:
- C10H6N2O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Chloropropene
- CAS:
- 557-98-2
- MF:
- C3H5Cl
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-(4-Pyridyl)malondialdehyde
- CAS:
- 51076-46-1
- MF:
- C8H7NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- ACETOCHLOR ESA SODIUM SALT
- CAS:
- 187022-11-3
- MF:
- C14H21NO5S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,3,3,4-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- CAS:
- 36978-41-3
- MF:
- C16H6O6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Butyraldehyde oxime
- CAS:
- 110-69-0
- MF:
- C4H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Isopropyl bromoacetate
- CAS:
- 29921-57-1
- MF:
- C5H9BrO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Boron trifluoride dimethyl etherate
- CAS:
- 353-42-4
- MF:
- C2H6BF3O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Phenyl-propionamide
- CAS:
- 102-93-2
- MF:
- C9H11NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Didecyl phthalate
- CAS:
- 84-77-5
- MF:
- C28H46O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Cyanomethyl p-toluenesulfonate
- CAS:
- 14562-04-0
- MF:
- C9H9NO3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Carboxy-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid potassium salt
- CAS:
- 5344-48-9
- MF:
- C7H4NO7S.K
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,1-Dimethyl-thiourea
- CAS:
- 6972-05-0
- MF:
- C3H8N2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- TOLUENE-4-SULFONIC ACID DIBENZYL-ALPHA-&
- CAS:
- 19816-85-4
- MF:
- C21H20N2O2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-METHYL-N-METHYLBENZYLAMINE 97
- CAS:
- 39180-84-2
- MF:
- C9H13N
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- NEOCUPROINE HYDROCHLORIDE HYDRATE 98
- CAS:
- 303136-82-5
- MF:
- C14H12N2.ClH.H2O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- POTASSIUM PHENETHYLTRIFLUOROBORATE 95
- CAS:
- 329976-74-1
- MF:
- C8H9BF3.K
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- METHYL 1-HYDROXY-1-CYCLOPROPANE CARBOXYLATE, 90
- CAS:
- 33689-29-1
- MF:
- C5H8O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DL-4-Amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid
- CAS:
- 352-21-6
- MF:
- C4H9NO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-FLUOROTHIOANISOLE
- CAS:
- 40096-23-9
- MF:
- C7H7FS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- CHOLINE BROMIDE
- CAS:
- 1927-06-6
- MF:
- C5H14BrNO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- ETHYL 2-CYANO-3-METHYLCROTONATE
- CAS:
- 759-58-0
- MF:
- C8H11NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- HYDANTOIN-5-ACETIC ACID
- CAS:
- 5427-26-9
- MF:
- C5H6N2O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- SULFAGUANIDINE MONOHYDRATE
- CAS:
- 6190-55-2
- MF:
- C7H12N4O3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DICHLOROMETHYLOCTYLSILANE
- CAS:
- 14799-93-0
- MF:
- C9H20Cl2Si
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-PHENYL-3-BUTYN-2-OL
- CAS:
- 127-66-2
- MF:
- C10H10O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-(METHYLTHIO)BENZYL CHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 874-87-3
- MF:
- C8H9ClS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,3-(4-METHOXYCARBONYLBENZO)-1,4,7,10,13-PENTAOXACYCLOPENTADEC-2-ENE
- CAS:
- 56683-56-8
- MF:
- C16H22O7
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-2-BENZOTHIAZOLINONE
- CAS:
- 72679-97-1
- MF:
- C8H7NO2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- XYLENE CYANOL FF
- CAS:
- 4463-44-9
- MF:
- C25H29N2NaO7S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- TRIMETHYLSILYL DIETHYLPHOSPHONOACETATE
- CAS:
- 66130-90-3
- MF:
- C9H21O5PSi
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DIETHYLPHOSPHONOACETIC ACID
- CAS:
- 3095-95-2
- MF:
- C6H13O5P
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Ethoxycarbonylphenylboronic acid pinacol ester
- CAS:
- 269409-99-6
- MF:
- C15H21BO4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-ETHYLPHENYL ISOCYANATE
- CAS:
- 23138-58-1
- MF:
- C9H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-PHENYL-3-BUTEN-1-OL
- CAS:
- 936-58-3
- MF:
- C10H12O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Ethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol
- CAS:
- 6285-06-9
- MF:
- C7H12O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-NAPHTHYL TRIFLATE
- CAS:
- 99747-74-7
- MF:
- C11H7F3O3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-HEPTANOL
- CAS:
- 589-55-9
- MF:
- C7H16O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-CYANO-4-PHENYLCYCLOHEXANONE
- CAS:
- 25115-74-6
- MF:
- C13H13NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DECAFLUOROBENZHYDROL
- CAS:
- 1766-76-3
- MF:
- C13H2F10O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- (3-TRIFLUOROMETHOXY-PHENYL)-HYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 133115-55-6
- MF:
- C7H8ClF3N2O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- BIS(3,5-DIMETHYLPHENYL)PHOSPHINE
- CAS:
- 71360-06-0
- MF:
- C16H19P
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,2-DIMETHYLNAPHTHALENE
- CAS:
- 573-98-8
- MF:
- C12H12
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-(HYDRAZINOCARBOHYDRAZONOYL)HYDRAZINIUM CHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 5329-29-3
- MF:
- CH9ClN6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZOPHENONE
- CAS:
- 728-81-4
- MF:
- C14H9F3O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Propamidine
- CAS:
- 104-32-5
- MF:
- C17H20N4O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- bis(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl) sulphone
- CAS:
- 1759-05-3
- MF:
- C12H6Cl2N2O6S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- sodium methanethiosulphonate
- CAS:
- 1950-85-2
- MF:
- CH3NaO2S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Biguanide hydrochloride
- CAS:
- 4761-93-7
- MF:
- C2H8ClN5
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- O-[BIS(4-METHOXYPHENYL)PHOSPHINYL]-N-(TERT-BUTOXYCARBONYL)HYDROXYLAMINE
- CAS:
- 619333-95-8
- MF:
- C19H24NO6P
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- PINACOLONE OXIME
- CAS:
- 2475-93-6
- MF:
- C6H13NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Hexyl isocyanate
- CAS:
- 2525-62-4
- MF:
- C7H13NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- ETHYL 3-(TRIMETHYLSILYL)PROPIOLATE
- CAS:
- 16205-84-8
- MF:
- C8H14O2Si
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,4,7,10,13,16-HEXAAZACYCLOOCTADECANE
- CAS:
- 296-35-5
- MF:
- C12H30N6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-DIMETHYLAMINO-4'-METHYLAZOBENZENE
- CAS:
- 3010-57-9
- MF:
- C15H17N3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,2'-AZOBIS[2-(2-IMIDAZOLIN-2-YL)PROPANE] DIHYDROCHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 27776-21-2
- MF:
- C12H23ClN6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Phenylthiophenol
- CAS:
- 2688-96-2
- MF:
- C12H10S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- FURAN-2-BORONIC ACID
- CAS:
- 4347-32-4
- MF:
- C5H5BO3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-N-HEXYLTHIO-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLE-5-THIOL
- CAS:
- 4858-28-0
- MF:
- C8H14N2S3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid
- CAS:
- 85-47-2
- MF:
- C10H8O3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-PENTEN-2-OL
- CAS:
- 625-31-0
- MF:
- C5H10O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-BROMO-3,5-DIMERCAPTOBENZENE
- CAS:
- 1219501-75-3
- MF:
- C6H5BrS2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-METHOXYCYCLOHEXANONE
- CAS:
- 7429-44-9
- MF:
- C7H12O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,2-PENTADIENE
- CAS:
- 591-95-7
- MF:
- C5H8
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- BUTYLDIISOPROPOXYBORANE
- CAS:
- 86595-32-6
- MF:
- C10H23BO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-BROMOPHENYLACETONE
- CAS:
- 21906-32-1
- MF:
- C9H9BrO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-PENTENYLBORONIC ACID
- CAS:
- 104376-24-1
- MF:
- C5H11BO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- BIS(2-METHOXYETHYL) ADIPATE
- CAS:
- 106-00-3
- MF:
- C12H22O6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DIPENTENE DIMERCAPTAN
- CAS:
- 4802-20-4
- MF:
- C10H20S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-ACETYLPHENYLBORONIC ACID, PINACOL ESTER
- CAS:
- 171364-81-1
- MF:
- C14H19BO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4,4,4-TRIFLUOROBUTYRALDEHYDE
- CAS:
- 406-87-1
- MF:
- C4H5F3O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-NITROBENZO-15-CROWN-5
- CAS:
- 60835-69-0
- MF:
- C14H19NO7
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 8-HYDROXYJULOLIDINE-9-ALDEHYDE
- CAS:
- 63149-33-7
- MF:
- C13H15NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 9,10-BIS(DIETHYLPHOSPHONOMETHYL)ANTHRACENE
- CAS:
- 60974-92-7
- MF:
- C24H32O6P2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,2-DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANONE
- CAS:
- 1193-47-1
- MF:
- C8H14O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-CHLORO-5-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE
- CAS:
- 23165-49-3
- MF:
- C8H3ClF3NS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-KETOPIMELIC ACID
- CAS:
- 502-50-1
- MF:
- C7H10O5
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,5-DICHLOROPHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE
- CAS:
- 6590-93-8
- MF:
- C7H3Cl2NS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- BENZYL PHENYL ETHER
- CAS:
- 946-80-5
- MF:
- C13H12O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZYLSULFONYL CHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 163295-75-8
- MF:
- C8H6ClF3O2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N-METHOXY-N-METHYLCARBAMOYL CHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 30289-28-2
- MF:
- C3H6ClNO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-BROMOPHENYLTHIOUREA
- CAS:
- 2646-30-2
- MF:
- C7H7BrN2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- BIS(2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENYL) DISULFIDE
- CAS:
- 3808-87-5
- MF:
- C12H4Cl6S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-PHENYL-1-BUTYNE
- CAS:
- 16520-62-0
- MF:
- C10H10
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Chloropropyl acetate
- CAS:
- 628-09-1
- MF:
- C5H9ClO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,2,3-Benzenetricarboxylic acid hydrate
- CAS:
- 36362-97-7
- MF:
- C9H6O6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- (E)-4-Hexen-1-ol
- CAS:
- 928-92-7
- MF:
- C6H12O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-BROMOISOPHTHALIC ACID
- CAS:
- 23351-91-9
- MF:
- C8H5BrO4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 9,10-DIAMINOPHENANTHRENE
- CAS:
- 53348-04-2
- MF:
- C14H12N2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,3-BENZENEDIMETHANETHIOL
- CAS:
- 41563-69-3
- MF:
- C8H10S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- N-METHYLMALEAMIC ACID
- CAS:
- 6936-48-7
- MF:
- C5H7NO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- CIS-1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE
- CAS:
- 10061-01-5
- MF:
- C3H4Cl2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-PHENYLOCTADECANE
- CAS:
- 4445-07-2
- MF:
- C24H42
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-FLUOROPROPIONIC ACID
- CAS:
- 6087-13-4
- MF:
- C3H5FO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Dioctyl terephthalate
- CAS:
- 6422-86-2
- MF:
- C24H38O4