Immunosuppressants protein tyrosine kinase Neuronal Signaling PI3K / Akt / mTOR Metabolism Cell Cycle Epigenetics Cytoskeletal Signaling Angiogenesis DNA damage Proteases Apoptosis Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Endocrinology & Hormones GPCR & G Protein Transmembrane Transporters Protein tyrosine kinase /JAK / STAT TGF-beta / Smad Stem Cells & Wnt Nuclear transcription factor (NF-κB) Ubiquitin Microbiology Autophagy
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Inhibitors

Immunosuppressants protein tyrosine kinase Neuronal Signaling PI3K / Akt / mTOR Metabolism Cell Cycle Epigenetics Cytoskeletal Signaling Angiogenesis DNA damage Proteases Apoptosis Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Endocrinology & Hormones GPCR & G Protein Transmembrane Transporters Protein tyrosine kinase /JAK / STAT TGF-beta / Smad Stem Cells & Wnt Nuclear transcription factor (NF-κB) Ubiquitin Microbiology Autophagy
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Inhibitor refers to substance that can hinder the chemical reactions, biological reactions (including immune response) and biological activity. In present time, commonly used inhibitors include immunosuppressants and inhibitors.

1. Immunosuppressive agents: immunosuppressants system refers to drug that can reduce the immune response. It can selectively suppress certain steps of the immune response and immune cells. Immune response refers to the body’s response to a variety of pathogenic substances. Some reactions are favorable to the body and can enhance the body's resistance to disease; some have adverse effects on the body and can cause tissue damage or disorders of physiological functions (allergy). Therefore, patients suffering from allergic reactions being harmful to the body should be subject to the treatment of immunosuppressant to affect the related immune processes and reduce the immune response of the body.

For the treatment of various autoimmune diseases and weakening the tissue incompatibility, it has been developed of a variety of immunosuppressive agents, some of which have been widely used in clinical practice. Commonly used immunosuppressants include glucocorticoids (prednisone, prednisolone, etc.), alkylating agents (nitric oxide mustard, cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, busulfan, etc.), and antimetabolites (6- mercaptopurine, azathioprine, methotrexate, etc.).

The mechanism of immunosuppressants, though not entirely clear, but is characterized by the following several aspects:
① most kinds of immunosuppressants can simultaneously inhibit cellular and humoral immunity and can be used for organ transplantation and autoimmune disease.
②Its inhibitory effect is strong for the primary immune response while the inhibitory effect against secondary response is weak.
③It can simultaneously act on normal and pathological immunity, therefore, can often lead to some complications.
④These drugs often have strong with serious adverse reactions.

2. Enzyme inhibitors: Enzyme inhibitors refer to compounds or drugs being capable of binding to enzyme and inhibit the enzymatic activity. It is clinically often applied of enzyme inhibitors to specially interfere with certain metabolic system to achieve the therapeutic purposes. For example, people use monoamine oxidase inhibitors as antidepressants; use carbonic anhydrase inhibitors as diuretics; use dopa decarboxylase inhibitors as antihypertensive drugs and use antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporins belonging to cell wall synthesis inhibitors. Enzyme inhibitors have applications in veterinary medicine and agriculture. In addition, people can also apply enzyme inhibitors to study the mechanism of the enzyme and metabolic pathways.

Enzyme inhibitors often have similar structure with their natural substrates. For designing the inhibitors according modification of natural substrate, people should first analyze and decide the function of each part of the molecule in binding with enzymes: for binding or not binding or repulsion; secondly, people should know the degree of tolerance of the binding site to the adjacent steric hindrance. Then people can replace each functional group to regulate the strength of interaction with the enzyme.

Inhibitors can be divided into reversible and irreversible, two classes. (1)Inhibitors binding with enzyme through non-covalent bonds are called reversible inhibitor. (2)Inhibitors binding to the enzyme via a covalent bond are irreversible inhibitors with strong binding affinity. They will not be affected by concentration change process such as dialysis or dilution after binding to the enzyme.

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Structure:
Chemical Name:
1-Naphthalenol, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-6-[propyl[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]amino]-
CAS:
92206-54-7
MF:
C19H25NOS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BMS-986205
CAS:
1923833-60-6
MF:
C24H24ClFN2O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
MKC9989
CAS:
1338934-20-5
MF:
C17H20O7
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PF06869206
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2227425-05-8
MF:
C15H14ClF3N4O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Granisetron hydrochloride
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1224925-76-1
MF:
C18H21D3N4O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
GS-441524
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1191237-69-0
MF:
C12H13N5O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Capmatinib hydrochloride
CAS:
1865733-40-9
MF:
C23H20ClFN6O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
4-BroMo-N-(4-broMophenyl)-3-[[(phenylMethyl)aMino]sulfonyl]benzaMide
CAS:
312756-74-4
MF:
C20H16Br2N2O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
AA41612
CAS:
433690-62-1
MF:
C12H15Cl2NO3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Alectinib Hydrochloride
CAS:
1256589-74-8
MF:
C30H35ClN4O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Btk Kinase inhibitor
CAS:
1351636-18-4
MF:
C25H22N6O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Grapiprant
CAS:
415903-37-6
MF:
C26H29N5O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Futibatinib
CAS:
1448169-71-8
MF:
C22H22N6O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Pyrotinib Maleate
CAS:
1397922-61-0
MF:
C40H39ClN6O11
Structure:
Chemical Name:
GSK872
CAS:
1346546-69-7
MF:
C19H17N3O2S2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
hygromycin A
CAS:
6379-56-2
MF:
C23H29NO12
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CJC1295
CAS:
863288-34-0
MF:
C152H252N44O42
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Disitertide
CAS:
272105-42-7
MF:
C68H109N17O22S2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-(4-(4-chloro-1,2-diphenyl-but-1-enyl)phenoxy)ethanol
CAS:
128607-22-7
MF:
C24H23ClO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
NU1025
CAS:
90417-38-2
MF:
C9H8N2O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PHA 767491 HYDROCHLORIDE
CAS:
845714-00-3
MF:
C12H11N3O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ETHYL 8-METHOXY-2-OXO-2,3,4,5-TETRAHYDRO-1H-BENZO[B]AZEPINE-4-CARBOXYLATE
CAS:
869363-13-3
MF:
C25H15ClF2N4O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CYC-116
CAS:
693228-63-6
MF:
C18H20N6OS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
VX 702
CAS:
745833-23-2
MF:
C19H12F4N4O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BMS-754807
CAS:
1001350-96-4
MF:
C23H24FN9O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
4-Chloro-N-[2-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]sulfonyl]ethyl]benzamide
CAS:
188591-46-0
MF:
C15H12ClF3N2O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PH 797804
CAS:
586379-66-0
MF:
C22H19BrF2N2O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PF03716556
CAS:
928774-43-0
MF:
C22H26N4O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PF 477736
CAS:
952021-60-2
MF:
C22H25N7O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CCT129202
CAS:
942947-93-5
MF:
C23H25ClN8OS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PF-03814735
CAS:
942487-16-3
MF:
C23H25F3N6O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CH5132799
CAS:
1007207-67-1
MF:
C15H19N7O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Abemaciclib mesylate (LY2835219)
CAS:
1231930-82-7
MF:
C28H36F2N8O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PRT062607 (Hydrochloride)
CAS:
1370261-97-4
MF:
C19H24ClN9O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
1-Cyclopentyl-N-((4,6-diMethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)Methyl)-6-(4-(MorpholinoMethyl)phenyl)-1H-indazole-4-carboxaMide
CAS:
1396772-26-1
MF:
C32H37N5O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
RN486
CAS:
1242156-23-5
MF:
C35H35FN6O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
AVL-292
CAS:
1202757-89-8
MF:
C22H22FN5O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PD0332991 Isethionate
CAS:
827022-33-3
MF:
C26H35N7O6S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
AZD-1208
CAS:
1204144-28-4
MF:
C21H21N3O2S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
UNC 1999
CAS:
1431612-23-5
MF:
C33H43N7O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
UNC 0631
CAS:
1320288-19-4
MF:
C37H61N7O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CFTRinh-172
CAS:
307510-92-5
MF:
C18H10F3NO3S2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
LY310762
CAS:
192927-92-7
MF:
C24H27O2N2FHCl
Structure:
Chemical Name:
IMD-0354
CAS:
978-62-1
MF:
C15H8ClF6NO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BAY 11-7085
CAS:
196309-76-9
MF:
C13H15NO2S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
RG108
CAS:
48208-26-0
MF:
C19H14N2O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
TCS 359
CAS:
301305-73-7
MF:
C18H20N2O4S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Ilomastat
CAS:
142880-36-2
MF:
C20H28N4O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-(5-Benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-2-tert-butyl-3H-imidazol-4-yl)-6-methylpyridine hydrate hydrochloride
CAS:
694433-59-5
MF:
C20H21N3O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BI-D1870
CAS:
501437-28-1
MF:
C19H23F2N5O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
SCH772984
CAS:
942183-80-4
MF:
C33H33N9O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
6-(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)-N-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-2-[(1E)-2-phenylethenyl]-4-pyrimidinamine
CAS:
934353-76-1
MF:
C21H25N7
Structure:
Chemical Name:
RO4929097
CAS:
847925-91-1
MF:
C22H20F5N3O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PD318088
CAS:
391210-00-7
MF:
C16H13BrF3IN2O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
N-[4-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)-2-thiazolyl]benzamidehydrochloride
CAS:
313553-47-8
MF:
C18H16N2OS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
3-(Aminocarbonyl)-β-(3-cyclohexylpropyl)-N-hydroxy-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-propanamide
CAS:
348622-88-8
MF:
C15H24N4O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
IWP-2
CAS:
686770-61-6
MF:
C22H18N4O2S3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Hesperadin
CAS:
422513-13-1
MF:
C29H32N4O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PIK-294
CAS:
900185-02-6
MF:
C28H23N7O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Golvatinib (E7050)
CAS:
928037-13-2
MF:
C33H37F2N7O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
VU 0364439
CAS:
1246086-78-1
MF:
C18H13Cl2N3O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
LY 2874455
CAS:
1254473-64-7
MF:
C21H19Cl2N5O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
LY2090314
CAS:
603288-22-8
MF:
C28H25FN6O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
AZD5363
CAS:
1143532-39-1
MF:
C21H25ClN6O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Birinapant
CAS:
1260251-31-7
MF:
C42H56F2N8O6
Structure:
Chemical Name:
P-5091
CAS:
882257-11-6
MF:
C12H7Cl2NO3S2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CK-636
CAS:
442632-72-6
MF:
C16H16N2OS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
SB 225002
CAS:
182498-32-4
MF:
C13H10BrN3O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
SKI II
CAS:
312636-16-1
MF:
C15H11ClN2OS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
TTNPB (Arotinoid Acid)
CAS:
71441-28-6
MF:
C24H28O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Batimastat
CAS:
130370-60-4
MF:
C23H31N3O4S2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-Propenamide, N-hydroxy-3-[4-[[(2-hydroxyethyl)[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]amino]methyl]phenyl]-, (2E)-
CAS:
404951-53-7
MF:
C22H25N3O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ZOTAROLIMUS
CAS:
221877-54-9
MF:
C52H79N5O12
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-(2-ETHYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-2-BENZOFURANYL)-1H-IMIDAZOLE
CAS:
189224-48-4
MF:
C13H14N2O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
SANT-1
CAS:
304909-07-7
MF:
C23H27N5
Structure:
Chemical Name:
S3I-201
CAS:
501919-59-1
MF:
C16H15NO7S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
LY411575
CAS:
209984-57-6
MF:
C26H23F2N3O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
WZ8040
CAS:
1214265-57-2
MF:
C24H25ClN6OS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
JAK3 Inhibitor
CAS:
211555-04-3
MF:
C16H14BrN3O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
N-[4-[1-(1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-4-(8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]phenyl]-N'-methylurea
CAS:
1144068-46-1
MF:
C27H33N7O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Inhibitor
CAS:
468740-43-4
MF:
C25H26ClN5O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
AZ 628
CAS:
878739-06-1
MF:
C27H25N5O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PF-562271
CAS:
939791-38-5
MF:
C27H26F3N7O6S2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CP 945598 hydrochloride
CAS:
686347-12-6
MF:
C25H26Cl3N7O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
HMN-214
CAS:
173529-46-9
MF:
C22H20N2O5S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
MK8245
CAS:
1030612-90-8
MF:
C17H16BrFN6O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
5-(3-Benzyloxyphenyl)-7-[trans-3-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]cyclobutyl]-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine
CAS:
475488-23-4
MF:
C28H31N5O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
OSI-420
CAS:
183320-51-6
MF:
C21H22ClN3O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PKI-402
CAS:
1173204-81-3
MF:
C29H34N10O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
VU 0357121
CAS:
433967-28-3
MF:
C17H17F2NO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
N-Ethyl-N'-[4-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-morpholinyl]-7-(3-oxetanyl)pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]phenyl]urea
CAS:
1207360-89-1
MF:
C24H32N6O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Nepicastat hydrochloride
CAS:
170151-24-3
MF:
C14H16ClF2N3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BMN 673
CAS:
1207456-01-6
MF:
C19H14F2N6O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ONX-0914
CAS:
960374-59-8
MF:
C31H40N4O7
Structure:
Chemical Name:
VX-661
CAS:
1152311-62-0
MF:
C26H27F3N2O6
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PFI-1
CAS:
1403764-72-6
MF:
C16H17N3O4S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
NLG919
CAS:
1402836-58-1
MF:
C18H22N2O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
indoleaMine-2,3-dioxygenase inhibitor INCB024360
CAS:
914471-09-3
MF:
C9H7ClFN5O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Ciproxifan
CAS:
184025-18-1
MF:
C16H18N2O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BRL 54443
CAS:
57477-39-1
MF:
C14H18N2O