Organic reagents
From early AD to mid-19 century, people mainly use the natural organic substance (such as animal and plant extracts) for qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis. From the second half of the 19th century to the 1920s, it had begun to appear of artificially synthetic organic reagent such as using potassium acetate xanthan for test of nickel, copper, and molybdenum; using morin for test of aluminum; using diazo coupling reaction for the detection of Nitrite; using α-β-nitroso naphthol for detection of cobalt; using dimethyglyoxime for nickel test.
After the proposal of the special-effects group in the 1930s and the proposal of theoretical analysis of functional groups theory in 1950s, people had carried out large-scale screen of organic reagents in search of special-effects analysis groups for different ions and had successfully synthesized a lot of agents of practical value (such as copper reagents, new copper agent, cadmium reagents, beryllium reagent, thorium reagents, etc.). Before the 1950s, the complex compound, in analytic chemistry, is mainly used in the aspects of the precipitation reaction of a binary chelate for the qualitative detection, precipitate isolation and gravimetric separation and other aspects. In the early 1950s and 1960, it is mainly in the form of complexometric titration. From the beginning of the late 1960s, the main focus has been moved to the photometric analysis. Meanwhile, it has been also developed of chelate organic solvent extraction.
8-hydroxy quinoline, hydrazones, oximes, hydroxamic acids, polyphenols, 1, 10-phenanthroline, phosphorus-oxygen extractant, β- diketones, triphenylmethane acid dye, xanthene dyes and azo dyes and other agents has all been widely studied and applied. On the other hand, the structural theoretical research (such as electronic effects, spatial effects and substituent effects) of the organic reagent can further facilitate the development of new-type organic reagents such as heterocyclic azo reagent. During this period, it has been also developed of monoazo chromotropic acid-type and disazo chromotropic acid-type reagent. During the mid-1970s, the chelating resin and adsorbents have achieved rapid development. Since the 1980s, Chinese researchers of analytical chemistry have made progress in the field of the synthesis and application of asymmetric disazo chromotropic acid.
Organic chemical reagents have wide application in analytic chemistry and are mainly used in solvents, precipitation agents, complexing agents, indicator, coloring reagent and surface active agent, etc. In order to adapt to a variety of analytical needs, sometimes it is required to purify certain reagents. For example, liquid organic reagent is often purified by distillation while solid substance is often purified through crystallization and sublimation. Substance having a high vapor pressure, namely having low purification boiling point and undergoing no decomposition under boiling temperature commonly applied atmospheric distillation; for less volatile and water-insoluble substance, namely having high purification point or undergoing decomposition under boiling temperature, we can apply vacuum distillation or steam distillation for purification of it.
Distillation is a commonly used method for laboratory purification of organic reagent. Conventional distillation apparatus generally comprises distiller, condenser and receiver, three parts with auxiliary section also containing heater, a thermometer, a wetted tube and cork.
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- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,6-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol
- CAS:
- 15258-73-8
- MF:
- C7H6Cl2O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-Heptyne
- CAS:
- 628-71-7
- MF:
- C7H12
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- SUCCINALDEHYDE SODIUM BISULFITE
- CAS:
- 5450-96-4
- MF:
- C4H8Na2O8S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylboronic acid
- CAS:
- 182163-96-8
- MF:
- C9H13BO5
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Oxobutyric acid
- CAS:
- 600-18-0
- MF:
- C4H6O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- TERBIUM (III) TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE
- CAS:
- 148980-31-8
- MF:
- CHF3O3STb
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Bromothioanisole
- CAS:
- 19614-16-5
- MF:
- C7H7BrS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYLACETONITRILE
- CAS:
- 3038-47-9
- MF:
- C9H6F3N
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Chloro-2',4'-difluoroacetophenone
- CAS:
- 51336-94-8
- MF:
- C8H5ClF2O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Nonafluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride
- CAS:
- 375-72-4
- MF:
- C4F10O2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2(5H)-Furanone
- CAS:
- 497-23-4
- MF:
- C4H4O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Iodobenzyl alcohol
- CAS:
- 18282-51-4
- MF:
- C7H7IO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-CHLORO-2-METHOXYPHENYLTHIOUREA
- CAS:
- 63980-69-8
- MF:
- C8H9ClN2OS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Dimethyldimethoxysilane
- CAS:
- 1112-39-6
- MF:
- C4H12O2Si
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Panthenol
- CAS:
- 16485-10-2
- MF:
- C9H19NO4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-AMINOBENZAMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE
- CAS:
- 7761-72-0
- MF:
- C7H10ClN3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- (2-CHLORO-5-TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYLTHIOUREA
- CAS:
- 21714-35-2
- MF:
- C8H6ClF3N2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Methoxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid
- CAS:
- 89-41-8
- MF:
- C8H7NO5
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride
- CAS:
- 122-18-9
- MF:
- C25H46ClN
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- METHYL 3,3-DIMETHOXYPROPIONATE
- CAS:
- 7424-91-1
- MF:
- C6H12O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Fluorobenzophenone
- CAS:
- 345-83-5
- MF:
- C13H9FO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- m-Tolyl isocyanate
- CAS:
- 621-29-4
- MF:
- C8H7NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- trans-Anethole
- CAS:
- 4180-23-8
- MF:
- C10H12O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1-Chloroethyl ethyl carbonate
- CAS:
- 50893-36-2
- MF:
- C5H9ClO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Methyl 2-chlorobenzoate
- CAS:
- 610-96-8
- MF:
- C8H7ClO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Isopropyl isothiocyanate
- CAS:
- 2253-73-8
- MF:
- C4H7NS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-ETHYLPHENYLBORONIC ACID
- CAS:
- 90002-36-1
- MF:
- C8H11BO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Tropic acid
- CAS:
- 529-64-6
- MF:
- C9H10O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-METHOXY-2-METHYLBENZONITRILE
- CAS:
- 21883-13-6
- MF:
- C9H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Biphenylacetonitrile
- CAS:
- 31603-77-7
- MF:
- C14H11N
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzaldehyde
- CAS:
- 18278-34-7
- MF:
- C8H8O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Naphthalenemethanol
- CAS:
- 1592-38-7
- MF:
- C11H10O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Chlorobenzyl alcohol
- CAS:
- 873-63-2
- MF:
- C7H7ClO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Xanthone
- CAS:
- 90-47-1
- MF:
- C13H8O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,5-BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE
- CAS:
- 23165-29-9
- MF:
- C9H3F6NS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- METHYL CHLORODIFLUOROACETATE
- CAS:
- 1514-87-0
- MF:
- C3H3ClF2O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde
- CAS:
- 34328-46-6
- MF:
- C8H4ClF3O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- tert-Butyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate
- CAS:
- 23877-12-5
- MF:
- C8H15BrO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide
- CAS:
- 100-85-6
- MF:
- C10H17NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,5-DIMETHOXYBENZYL BROMIDE
- CAS:
- 877-88-3
- MF:
- C9H11BrO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Butyl methacrylate
- CAS:
- 97-88-1
- MF:
- C8H14O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Bis(cyclohexanone)oxaldihydrazone
- CAS:
- 370-81-0
- MF:
- C14H22N4O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- trans-Ferulic acid
- CAS:
- 537-98-4
- MF:
- C10H10O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- DI-TERT-BUTYLSILYL BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE)
- CAS:
- 85272-31-7
- MF:
- C10H18F6O6S2Si
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-(DIPHENYLHYDRAZONOMETHYL)-9-ETHYLCARBAZOLE
- CAS:
- 73276-70-7
- MF:
- C27H23N3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-CHLOROTHIOANISOLE
- CAS:
- 17733-22-1
- MF:
- C7H7ClS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-IODO-5-METHYLBENZOIC ACID
- CAS:
- 52548-14-8
- MF:
- C8H7IO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Benzyltrimethylammonium bromide
- CAS:
- 5350-41-4
- MF:
- C10H16BrN
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 1,2-Diethoxybenzene
- CAS:
- 2050-46-6
- MF:
- C10H14O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Diethyl 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate
- CAS:
- 3779-29-1
- MF:
- C10H16O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- PHENYLGLYOXAL
- CAS:
- 1074-12-0
- MF:
- C8H6O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Benzyltrimethylammonium tribromide
- CAS:
- 111865-47-5
- MF:
- C10H16Br3N
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Bromo-1-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-ethanone
- CAS:
- 50413-24-6
- MF:
- C9H9BrO3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- ETHYL 4-CHLOROPHENYLACETATE
- CAS:
- 14062-24-9
- MF:
- C10H11ClO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane
- CAS:
- 507-20-0
- MF:
- C4H9Cl
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid
- CAS:
- 2019-34-3
- MF:
- C9H9ClO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Sodium 4-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonate
- CAS:
- 32073-22-6
- MF:
- C9H11NaO3S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4'-CHLOROACETANILIDE
- CAS:
- 539-03-7
- MF:
- C8H8ClNO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Chloroethyl isocyanate
- CAS:
- 1943-83-5
- MF:
- C3H4ClNO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Ethyl isocyanate
- CAS:
- 109-90-0
- MF:
- C3H5NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Thiazolyl Blue
- CAS:
- 298-93-1
- MF:
- C18H16BrN5S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-(3-PYRIDINYL)-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLE-2-THIOL
- CAS:
- 3690-46-8
- MF:
- C7H5N3OS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Mono-methyl isophthalate
- CAS:
- 1877-71-0
- MF:
- C9H8O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-(N-Methylamino)benzonitrile
- CAS:
- 4714-62-9
- MF:
- C8H8N2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-METHYLSULFOLANE
- CAS:
- 872-93-5
- MF:
- C5H10O2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Butanone oxime
- CAS:
- 96-29-7
- MF:
- C4H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Diphenolic acid
- CAS:
- 126-00-1
- MF:
- C17H18O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 5-Nitroisatin
- CAS:
- 611-09-6
- MF:
- C8H4N2O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Chlorophenyl isocyanate
- CAS:
- 3320-83-0
- MF:
- C7H4ClNO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Thienylmethanethiol
- CAS:
- 6258-63-5
- MF:
- C5H6S2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Octadecyltrimethoxysilane
- CAS:
- 3069-42-9
- MF:
- C21H46O3Si
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 9-Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane
- CAS:
- 280-64-8
- MF:
- C8H15B
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Fluorophenoxyacetic acid
- CAS:
- 405-79-8
- MF:
- C8H7FO3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-(4-Bromomethyl)phenylpropionic acid
- CAS:
- 111128-12-2
- MF:
- C10H11BrO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-Bromoethyl acetate
- CAS:
- 927-68-4
- MF:
- C4H7BrO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Imidazolidinyl urea
- CAS:
- 39236-46-9
- MF:
- C11H16N8O8
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Cyanobiphenyl
- CAS:
- 2920-38-9
- MF:
- C13H9N
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4'-tert-Butylacetophenone
- CAS:
- 943-27-1
- MF:
- C12H16O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-Aminobenzylalcohol
- CAS:
- 1877-77-6
- MF:
- C7H9NO
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Perfluoro-1-octanesulfonyl fluoride
- CAS:
- 307-35-7
- MF:
- C8F18O2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Homophthalic acid
- CAS:
- 89-51-0
- MF:
- C9H8O4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-Nitrophthalic acid
- CAS:
- 610-27-5
- MF:
- C8H5NO6
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-PHENOXYPHENYLTHIOUREA
- CAS:
- 76839-21-9
- MF:
- C13H12N2OS
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone
- CAS:
- 117-80-6
- MF:
- C10H4Cl2O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-(METHACRYLOYLOXY)PROPYLTRIS(TRIMETHYLSILOXY)SILANE
- CAS:
- 17096-07-0
- MF:
- C16H38O5Si4
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3,5-Dibenzyloxybenzaldehyde
- CAS:
- 14615-72-6
- MF:
- C21H18O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- TRIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)METHANE
- CAS:
- 5762-56-1
- MF:
- C7H19N3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- trans-4-Pentylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid
- CAS:
- 38289-29-1
- MF:
- C12H22O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Benzopinacole
- CAS:
- 464-72-2
- MF:
- C26H22O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2-FLUORO-5-METHOXYBENZALDEHYDE
- CAS:
- 105728-90-3
- MF:
- C8H7FO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-(Diethylamino)salicylaldehyde
- CAS:
- 17754-90-4
- MF:
- C11H15NO2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Octadecanethiol
- CAS:
- 2885-00-9
- MF:
- C18H38S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 4-NITROTHIOPHENOL
- CAS:
- 1849-36-1
- MF:
- C6H5NO2S
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- METHYL 4-ACETYLBENZOATE
- CAS:
- 3609-53-8
- MF:
- C10H10O3
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- trans-4-Methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid
- CAS:
- 13064-83-0
- MF:
- C8H14O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Chlorodimethylsilane
- CAS:
- 1066-35-9
- MF:
- C2H7ClSi
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- Benzo[a]pyrene
- CAS:
- 50-32-8
- MF:
- C20H12
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 2,6-Dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-one
- CAS:
- 1004-36-0
- MF:
- C7H8O2
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3'-Methylacetophenone
- CAS:
- 585-74-0
- MF:
- C9H10O
- Structure:
- Chemical Name:
- 3-BROMOPHENYLMETHYLSULFONE
- CAS:
- 34896-80-5
- MF:
- C7H7BrO2S