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Analytical Chemistry

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Analytical chemistry is the subject for the method and basic principle of studying and identifying of the composition, status, structure of matter as well as determination of related content. It is an important branch of chemistry subject. Analytical chemistry plays an important role in not only its own development but also in various fields related to the chemistry. We can say that all the practice of any human activity involving chemical phenomena is inseparable from analytical chemistry. Now, people have developed various kinds of different analytical methods, which can be classified based on an analysis task, analysis object, the basis of the analysis, requirement of the analysis and sample dosage.

According to the analysis tasks, it can be divided into qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis and structural analysis. Task of qualitative analysis is to identify the elements, radicals, functional groups or compounds that constituting the substances; the task of the quantitative analysis is to determine the content of the related components in the sample; the task of structural analysis is to study the molecular structure or crystal structure of the material.

(1) According to the analysis objects, it can be divided into organic and inorganic analysis; the object for the inorganic analysis is inorganic substance; the object of organic analysis is organic substance. In the inorganic analysis, it is generally required to determine what elements, ions, radicals or compounds that constitutes the sample and measure the percentage of each component; and sometimes it is also necessary for determination of the crystal structure; in the organic analysis, it not only requires the identification of the constituent elements, but also, more importantly, should do the structure analysis and functional group analysis.
(2) According to whether the analysis is based on the physical properties or chemical properties of the substance, it can be divided into instrumental analysis and chemical analysis. Depending on the specific requirements, it can be divided into routine analysis, rapid analysis and arbitration Analysis. Routine analysis refers to the general daily laboratory production analysis, also known as conventional analysis; rapid analysis is a kind of routine analysis and is mainly applied to the control of the production process, demanding the report of the results in the shortest possible time with the error generally being allowed to be greater; arbitration analysis is needed when there is controversy in the analysis results from different institute, demanding related department to conduct accurate analysis using specific method in order to determine the accuracy of the results of the original analysis.
(3) According to the amount of the sample, it can be generally divided into constant (> 0.1g), semi-micro (0.01 ~ 0.1g) and trace (1 ~ 10mg) analysis.
(4) In the inorganic qualitative chemical analysis, people generally apply semi-micro method while people generally apply constant analysis in the quantitative chemical analysis. According to the relative amounts of the analyzed components contained in the sample, it is also roughly divided into constant component analysis (> 1%), minor component analysis (0.01 to 1%) and trace components analysis (<0.01%). For the analysis of some trace amount of components contained in some kinds of complicated mixture and some substances, it is necessary to perform separation and enrichment. This produces a series of separation techniques, such as extraction, distillation, ion exchange, chromatography, sedimentation and flotation separation, these chemical separation techniques are an integral part of the analysis.

Environmental Analytical Chemistry
Environmental Analytical Chemistry is briefly referred to environmental analysis. It is a kind of subject to study the types, components of pollutants in the environment as well as how to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the chemical contaminants in the environment. It is a branch of environmental chemistry.

Environmental analytical chemistry emerged, developed and improved during the process of solving environmental problems. In 1950s, the public nuisance disease occurred in Japan had alerted the whole world. In order to find the cause of public nuisance disease, after experiencing as long as 11 years, later, the chemists of environmental analysis had applied light spectrum and identified that the river in Itai-itai disease area contained harmful elements such as lead, cadmium, arsenic and so on. Further by means of tracking element analysis of the soil and food in the disease area, people had found high lead and cadmium content. Later, people had further conducted spectral quantitative analysis on the body and bone of the patients in the disease area and found that the bone ashes contained alarmingly high content of zinc, lead and cadmium. To determine the causative agent, people further incorporated zinc, lead and cadmium into the food for feeding animals and conduct trace elemental analysis for animals and confirmed the serious harm of cadmium on the bone, revealing the cause of the Itai-itai disease. The development of modern science, especially the development of modern chemistry, physics, mathematics, electronics, biology, as well as the emergence of accurate, reliable, sensitive, selective, rapid, simple environmental pollution analysis technology and automation equipment, has been resulting in the maturation of environmental analytical chemistry. Environmental analytical chemistry now has penetrated into all areas of the entire environmental science subject. It is the most effective means of access to environmental information quality.
The objects of the environmental analytical chemistry research are quite complicated, including air, water, soil, sediment, minerals, waste, animals, plants, food, and human tissue. The content of chemical elements or compound to be determined in the environmental analytic chemistry is very low, with the absolute content being within the level of 10-6 to 10-12 grams.


The analysis technology in the environmental analytical chemistry is developing towards the direction of continuous automation, computerization and joint combination of various methods and instruments. Currently applied automatic analysis methods include colorimetric analysis, ion selective electrode, x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, polarography, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and flow injection analysis. Laser, as the light source of analytical chemistry technique, has also been applied. Since the laser analysis has properties of high resolution, high sensitivity, long-range and short-term, the laser technology will play a pivotal role in the development of environmental analytical chemistry.

With the deepened development of environmental science, environmental analytical chemistry is often demanded for trace levels and ultra-trace-level detection and analysis, therefore, high sensitivity. Thus study of analysis methods of high sensitivity, good selectivity, rapid trace and ultra trace will become the major development direction for environmental analysis in the near future.

Qualitative Analysis of Chemistry
Qualitative analytic chemistry is the subject to identify the chemical elements and atoms groups contained in the sample. It is a branch subject of the analysis chemistry. Its purpose is to ascertain the chemical composition of the research object (specimen).
The major research content of the qualitative analytic chemistry includes:

1 the tested samples were analyzed separately. Namely take part of the sample and use exclusive reaction to detect a desire detection component.
2 systematic analysis of the samples. This means successively apply a few selective reactions for gradual separation of the ions followed by separation of each group until separating to only one substance and finally apply confirming reaction to ascertain the existence of this substance. The most famous cation system analysis method is H2S system. In recent years, due to the use of advanced equipment, qualitative analysis has also rapidly developed together with multivariate analysis and has also become an important direction for analytical chemistry.

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Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,2',4,5,5'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL
CAS:
37680-73-2
MF:
C12H5Cl5
Structure:
Chemical Name:
MYRISTOYL CHOLINE CHLORIDE
CAS:
4277-89-8
MF:
C19H40ClNO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ALBENDAZOLE SULFONE
CAS:
75184-71-3
MF:
C12H15N3O4S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
METHYL HENEICOSANOATE
CAS:
6064-90-0
MF:
C22H44O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
1,2-DIPALMITOYL-RAC-GLYCEROL
CAS:
40290-32-2
MF:
C35H68O5
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-Methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propan-1-one-hydrochloridepropan-1-one-hydrochloride
CAS:
186028-80-8
MF:
C11H14ClNO3
Chemical Name:
AMBERLITE CG-50
CAS:
9042-11-9
MF:
N/A
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-Benzhydrylsulphinylacetic acid
CAS:
63547-24-0
MF:
C15H14O3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
4-BUTYL-4-[HYDROXYMETHYL]-1,2-DIPHENYL-3,5-PYRAZOLIDINEDIONE HYDROGEN SUCCINATE [ESTER]
CAS:
27470-51-5
MF:
C24H26N2O6
Chemical Name:
ENTEROKINASE
CAS:
9014-74-8
MF:
NULL
Structure:
Chemical Name:
O,P'-DDE
CAS:
3424-82-6
MF:
C14H8Cl4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,4-DICHLOROBIPHENYL
CAS:
33284-50-3
MF:
C12H8Cl2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
(+)-ISOMENTHOL
CAS:
23283-97-8
MF:
C10H20O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL
CAS:
35065-27-1
MF:
C12H4Cl6
Structure:
Chemical Name:
4-tert-Butyl-2-chlorophenol
CAS:
98-28-2
MF:
C10H13ClO
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CORTISOL 17-VALERATE
CAS:
57524-89-7
MF:
C26H38O6
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PAXILLINE
CAS:
57186-25-1
MF:
C27H33NO4
Chemical Name:
AMBERLYST(R) A-21
CAS:
9049-93-8
MF:
C12H20O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
DITHIOPYR
CAS:
97886-45-8
MF:
C15H16F5NO2S2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-METHOXY-2,4-DIPHENYL-3(2H)-FURANONE
CAS:
50632-57-0
MF:
C17H14O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
MYRISTOLEIC ACID
CAS:
544-64-9
MF:
C14H26O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID METHYL ESTER
CAS:
16326-32-2
MF:
C19H32O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ANILINE HYDROGEN PHTHALATE
CAS:
50930-79-5
MF:
C14H13NO4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
HYDROXYZINE PAMOATE
CAS:
10246-75-0
MF:
C44H43ClN2O8
Chemical Name:
SUNFLOWER SEED OIL
CAS:
8001-21-6
MF:
NULL
Structure:
Chemical Name:
1-(2-[4-Chlorophenoxy]acetyl)-4-(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)piperazine
CAS:
34161-24-5
MF:
C20H21ClN2O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
(-)-TERPINEN-4-OL
CAS:
20126-76-5
MF:
C10H18O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
N,N-Dimethyldodecanamide
CAS:
3007-53-2
MF:
C14H29NO
Structure:
Chemical Name:
SEPHADEX G-10
CAS:
9050-68-4
MF:
C13H10BrN3O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
O-TOLUALDEHYDE 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE
CAS:
1773-44-0
MF:
C14H12N4O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BENZALDEHYDE 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE
CAS:
1157-84-2
MF:
C13H10N4O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
5-Ethyl-2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-1H-imidazolin-2-yl)nicotinic acid
CAS:
81385-77-5
MF:
C32H24O3S
Chemical Name:
CHONDROITIN SULFATE B SODIUM SALT
CAS:
54328-33-5
MF:
NULL
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ETHYL METHYL KETONE 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE
CAS:
958-60-1
MF:
C10H12N4O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
DIHYDROMETHYSTICIN
CAS:
19902-91-1
MF:
C15H16O5
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,4,5,6-TETRACHLORO-M-XYLENE
CAS:
877-09-8
MF:
C8H6Cl4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CARBONIC ACID TERT-BUTYL PHTHALIMIDO ESTER
CAS:
15263-20-4
MF:
C13H13NO5
Chemical Name:
AMBERLITE XAD-7
CAS:
37380-43-1
MF:
N/A
Structure:
Chemical Name:
DIBENZO[B,DEF]CHRYSENE
CAS:
189-64-0
MF:
C24H14
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ALPHA,ALPHA'-BIS(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1,4-DIISOPROPYLBENZENE
CAS:
2167-51-3
MF:
C24H26O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
N-NITROSOPIPERIDINE
CAS:
100-75-4
MF:
C5H10N2O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CIS-11-OCTADECENOIC ACID METHYL ESTER
CAS:
1937-63-9
MF:
C19H36O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Rilmenidine phosphate
CAS:
85409-38-7
MF:
C10H19N2O5P
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,4,6-TRICHLOROANISOLE
CAS:
87-40-1
MF:
C7H5Cl3O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ETHYLHYDROCUPREINE HYDROCHLORIDE
CAS:
3413-58-9
MF:
C21H29ClN2O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
DIBENZO(A,I)PYRENE
CAS:
191-30-0
MF:
C24H14
Structure:
Chemical Name:
(+)-TERPINEN-4-OL
CAS:
2438-10-0
MF:
C10H18O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
1(ALPHA) 25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D2*
CAS:
60133-18-8
MF:
C28H44O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
SODIUM CHOLATE HYDRATE, BIOCHEMIKA, >= 9
CAS:
206986-87-0
MF:
C24H43NaO6
Chemical Name:
JP-TS AVIATION FUEL
CAS:
64742-47-8
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Demethyl tetrandrine
CAS:
33889-68-8
MF:
C37H40N2O6
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CARBAZOL-9-YL-ACETIC ACID
CAS:
524-80-1
MF:
C14H11NO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
(-)-ALPHA-BISABOLOL
CAS:
23089-26-1
MF:
C15H26O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
4,4'-DDA
CAS:
83-05-6
MF:
C14H10Cl2O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
LEVULINIC ACID CALCIUM SALT DIHYDRATE
CAS:
5743-49-7
MF:
C10H18CaO8
Structure:
Chemical Name:
HEXOBARBITAL
CAS:
56-29-1
MF:
C12H16N2O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
DIBUTYL CHLORENDATE
CAS:
1770-80-5
MF:
C17H20Cl6O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,4',5-TRICHLOROBIPHENYL
CAS:
16606-02-3
MF:
C12H7Cl3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
alpha-Ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid
CAS:
67118-31-4
MF:
C8H13NO3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Potassium trichloroammineplatinate (II)
CAS:
13820-91-2
MF:
Cl3H3KNPt
Structure:
Chemical Name:
TETRA-N-BUTYLAMMONIUM TETRAPHENYLBORATE
CAS:
15522-59-5
MF:
C40H56BN
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Piretanide
CAS:
55837-27-9
MF:
C17H18N2O5S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
3-(Dimethyloctadecylazaniumyl)propane-1-sulfonate
CAS:
13177-41-8
MF:
C23H49NO3S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
SULFANITRAN
CAS:
122-16-7
MF:
C14H13N3O5S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
P-TOLUALDEHYDE 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE
CAS:
2571-00-8
MF:
C14H12N4O4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Flurprimidol
CAS:
56425-91-3
MF:
C15H15F3N2O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,2'-DICHLOROBIPHENYL
CAS:
13029-08-8
MF:
C12H8Cl2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
4-METHOXY-1,3-PHENYLENEDIAMINE SULFATE HYDRATE
CAS:
123333-56-2
MF:
C7H10N2O.H2O4S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
(+/-)-ALPHA-METHOXY-ALPHA-TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENYLACETIC ACID
CAS:
81655-41-6
MF:
C10H9F3O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
ISOBENZAN
CAS:
297-78-9
MF:
C9H4Cl8O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Dihydrokawain
CAS:
587-63-3
MF:
C14H16O3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-NITRODIPHENYL ETHER
CAS:
2216-12-8
MF:
C12H9NO3
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PHENANTHRENE-D10
CAS:
1517-22-2
MF:
C14D10
Structure:
Chemical Name:
TRANS-11-OCTADECENOIC ACID METHYL ESTER
CAS:
6198-58-9
MF:
C19H36O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Disodium clodronate tetrahydrate
CAS:
88416-50-6
MF:
CH7Cl2NaO7P2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
AMCINONIDE
CAS:
51022-69-6
MF:
C28H35FO7
Structure:
Chemical Name:
1,2-BIS[(DIMETHYLAMINO)DIMETHYLSILYL]ETHANE
CAS:
91166-50-6
MF:
C10H28N2Si2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2,5-DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANOL
CAS:
3809-32-3
MF:
C8H16O
Structure:
Chemical Name:
POLYAMIDE 6 HPLC 0.005-0.020MM (5-20UM)&
CAS:
63428-83-1
MF:
H2OSi
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CIS-8,11,14-EICOSATRIENOIC ACID
CAS:
1783-84-2
MF:
C20H34O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
OXANTEL PAMOATE
CAS:
68813-55-8
MF:
C49H48N4O8
Structure:
Chemical Name:
MINAPRINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE
CAS:
25905-77-5
MF:
C17H22N4O
Chemical Name:
AMBERLITE
CAS:
52439-77-7
MF:
N/A
Structure:
Chemical Name:
2-NITRONAPHTHALENE
CAS:
581-89-5
MF:
C10H7NO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
TRANS-11-OCTADECENOIC ACID
CAS:
693-72-1
MF:
C18H34O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Tetrabutylphosphonium Hexafluorophosphate
CAS:
111928-21-3
MF:
C16H36F6P2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Framycetin sulphate
CAS:
4146-30-9
MF:
C23H48N6O17S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Sennoside D
CAS:
37271-17-3
MF:
C42H40O19
Structure:
Chemical Name:
PROADIFEN HYDROCHLORIDE
CAS:
62-68-0
MF:
C23H32ClNO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BUPRENORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE
CAS:
53152-21-9
MF:
C28H40ClNO4
Structure:
Chemical Name:
(R)-(-)-N-(3,5-DINITROBENZOYL)-ALPHA-PHENYLETHYLAMINE
CAS:
69632-32-2
MF:
C15H13N3O5
Structure:
Chemical Name:
L-ALPHA-METHYLBENZYL ISOTHIOCYANATE
CAS:
24277-43-8
MF:
C9H9NS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
(+/-)-THIOPENTAL
CAS:
76-75-5
MF:
C11H18N2O2S
Structure:
Chemical Name:
CIS-11-EICOSENOIC ACID METHYL ESTER
CAS:
2390-09-2
MF:
C21H40O2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
BENZYL 4-NITROPHENYL CARBONATE
CAS:
13795-24-9
MF:
C14H11NO5
Structure:
Chemical Name:
AMMONIUM DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE
CAS:
21124-33-4
MF:
C5H14N2S2
Chemical Name:
MOLGRASTIM
CAS:
99283-10-0
Structure:
Chemical Name:
TRICHLORONATE
CAS:
327-98-0
MF:
C10H12Cl3O2PS
Structure:
Chemical Name:
Menthyl anthranilate
CAS:
134-09-8
MF:
C17H25NO2
Structure:
Chemical Name:
DIISOPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONATE
CAS:
1445-75-6
MF:
C7H17O3P